Liberation North
Liberation-Nord was one of the most important resistance organizations in the northern occupied zone of France during the Second World War . It was one of the eight large networks that formed the National Council of the Resistance ( Conseil national de la Résistance ).
history
Originally an underground newspaper, Liberation-Nord gradually developed into a resistance movement between December 1940 and November 1941. It emerged from the non-communist trade union movements of the CGT ( Confédération générale du travail ) , the CFTC ( Confédération française des travailleurs chrétiens ) and the SFIO ( Section française de l'Internationale ouvrière ) and was formed around Christian Pineau and the group of the Manifesto des douze ( Manifesto of the Twelve ).
In 1942 two networks of the resistance movement were founded, which emerged from the Liberation-Nord under the command of the Bureau Central de Renseignements et d'Action :
- Phalanx in the Sud zone , founded by Christian Pineau
- Cohors-Asturies in the north zone
In early 1943, under the impetus of the philosopher Jean Cavaillès and Colonel Zarapoff , Liberation-Nord began to organize isolated armed resistance groups under their roof. Represented by the Conseil national de la Résistance , where the latter was able to exercise the influence of the SFIO, the Liberation-Nord refused to participate in the Mouvements unis de la Résistance (MUR) in December 1943 .
With the organization civile et militaire (OCM) remaining in the nymph stage , the Liberation-Nord did not succeed after the war in creating a large workers' party out of the Resistance together with the SFIO.
Important members
- Robert Duterque
- Jean-Baptiste Daviais
- Pierre Boursicot
- Jean Cavaillès
- Michel Collinet
- Marcel Mérigonde
- Christian Pineau
- François Tanguy-Prigent
- Colonel Zarapoff
- Jean Aimé Caillau
bibliography
- Alya Aglan, La Resistance sacrifiée. Le mouvement Liberation-Nord , Flammarion, 1999, nouvelle édition, "Champs", 2006, ISBN 2080676970
- Christian Pineau, La Simple Vérité. Regard sur la période 1940-1945 , Juillard, 1960
- Marc Sadoun, Les Socialistes sous l'Occupation , Presses de la Fondation nationale des sciences politiques , 1982, ISBN 2724604601