List of mines in Eichsfeld

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The list of mines in Eichsfeld includes mines and pits for the extraction and processing of raw materials in Eichsfeld .

history

Former quarry in the Ohm Mountains
Limestone quarry near Rengelrode

The first efforts to extract raw materials for the production of coins take place in the 14th and 15th centuries. Century in the area of ​​the Ohm Mountains , which turned out negative due to the geological situation. Only the superficial development of natural stone for the construction industry has been widespread in the Eichsfeld for centuries, limestone was extracted in the upper area and sandstones in the middle and lower Eichsfeld. Important buildings, but also the bases of the old houses, testify to the regional use of the stone. Tuff limestone and marl were mined in smaller quantities. From the 19th century, more and more clays were quarried and processed in the newly built brickworks.

At the beginning of the 20th century, a new mining era began in Eichsfeld with potash mining, after several mining areas had already been developed in northern Thuringia with the southern Harz potash district. The first potash plant was built in Bernterode in 1905, and others followed within the next few years. But by the mid-1920s, most of the potash mining sites closed due to economic problems. Other potash works in the neighboring Nordhausen district (Sollstedt, Bleicherode, Neusollstedt) had mining areas as far as Eichsfeld. The last operation to be shut down was the Bischofferode potash plant in 1993 after long protests. A mining museum offers an overview of the history of salt mining in Eichsfeld.

Today mineral raw materials are still extracted for the construction industry, such as sandstone (Neuendorf, Heiligenstadt, Uder), limestone (Geisleden, Kallmerode, Misserode, Struth / Eigenrieden, Rengelrode) and clay (Teistungen, Duderstadt, Bilshausen). After 2010, an Australian company submitted an application to the Thuringian State Mining Office for a permit to explore non-mined mineral resources for commercial purposes in the area of ​​the municipality of Küllstedt in Eichsfeld.

list

Surname District Beginning The End Depth Remarks location image
Prussia shaft Bernterode 1906 1926/31 572 m from 1936 Army
ammunition facility storage of cultural goods 1945
from 1953 as a weather shaft for the Sollstedt potash plant 		Bernterode shaft.jpg
Saxony shaft Bernterode 1912 587 m Covered in 1951
Neubleicherode shaft Neustadt 1908 1932 later a weather shaft for the Bischofferode potash plant Neubleicherode - Shaft headframe - panoramio.jpg
Neubleicherode II shaft Neustadt just started defoliation?
can no longer be precisely localized
Weidtmannshall shaft Bischofferode 1911 600 m
Holungen shaft,
Bischofferode potash plant 		Bischofferode 1914 1993 1927 Wintershall AG plant Bismarckshall
1953 VEB potash plant "Thomas Müntzer" 		1942 Bischofferode potash mine and the town of Holungen C.jpg
Rock Festival shaft Hüpstedt 1912 1924 868 m common potash factory for all 3 shafts
Hüpstedt shaft Hüpstedt 1913 1924 857 m
Beberstedt shaft Hüpstedt 1913 1924
Westohm slot Wintzingerode 384 m Start of construction 19, canceled in 1915 Westohm shaft (4) .jpg
Ferna shaft Wintzingerode, Ferna 84 m Construction started in 1911, canceled in 1914 Ferna shaft (2) .jpg
Wintzingerode shaft Wintzingerode started warping?
can no longer be precisely localized
Deuna opencast mine Deuna 1975 today Limestone mining for cement production Deuna open pit mine.JPG

literature

  • Eds. Ulrich Harteisen, Ansgar Hoppe et al .: Potash mining in Eichsfeld. In: The Eichsfeld. Volume 79 of the series Landscapes in Germany. Verlag Böhlau , Vienna / Cologne / Weimar 2018, pp. 256–257
  • Otto VÖLKER: The potash industry on the Eichsfelde. An investigation of their development and importance for the economic life of the Eichsfeld. Dissertation 1929, University of Leipzig, Philosophical Faculty. - Weida i. Door
  • Gerhard Bader: The Bernterode potash plant as reflected in history. In: Eichsfeld (monthly magazine) issue 2 (1995)
  • Edgar Rademacher: On the history of the former potash works in Hüpstedt. In: Eichsfelder Heimathefte. Vol. 22, No. 2, 1982, ISSN  0232-8518 , pp. 107-119
  • Josef Kistner: GDR environmental drama stopped. Fight for a Eichsfelddorf. Borsdorf 2014
  • J. Martin, H. Rauche, T. Teichert, H. Weirauch, V. Herzog: Planning of the custody of the old potash shafts Hüpstedt and Beberstedt, Südharz-Kalirevier, Thuringia. Clausthal-Zellerfeld University of Technology

Web links

Commons : Salt mines in Eichsfeld district  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Paul Lauerwald: On the history of coinage on the Eichsfeld. In: Eichsfelder Heimathefte 4/1985 Heiligenstadt, p. 352