Deuna

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Deuna
community Niederorschel
Deuna coat of arms
Coordinates: 51 ° 21 ′ 0 ″  N , 10 ° 28 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 340 m
Area : 12.82 km²
Residents : 1157  (December 31, 2017)
Population density : 90 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 2019
Postal code : 37355
Area code : 036076

Deuna is a part of the municipality of Niederorschel in the Thuringian district of Eichsfeld .

history

The first documented mention was Deuna in 1162 when the archbishop of Mainz I. Conrad of Wittelsbach the monastery Gerode gave several estates in Deuna. The place belonged to the von Hagen family living in neighboring Rüdigershagen as a Mainz fief. After their residence was destroyed in 1315, they moved to the Deuna moated castle. In 1515 Martin Luther also lived in the castle. This was stormed by farmers in 1525 and burned down. The imperial barons from Hagen rebuilt it in 1540. Until 1896 Deuna remained the property of the Counts of Hagen. A sideline was then the owner until it was expropriated after 1945. Now there is a retirement home in the property.

In the course of secularization in 1802, Deuna came to Prussia. From 1807 to 1813 the place was in the Kingdom of Westphalia , only to belong to the Prussian district of Worbis again from 1813.

According to a statistical study, the village of Deuna had 1068 Catholic and 14 Protestant inhabitants around 1840. The noble family Graf vom Hagen exercised patronage over the Catholic Church . They owned 2 manors in the village, including a sheep farm. Deuna also had 179 houses, 263 stables and barns, three jugs and taverns and four community centers. 113 school-age boys and 100 girls attended school. In Deuna at that time there was predominantly artisanal linen weaving and textile production, 134 linen looms were recorded, including one stocking loom. The overview lists two carpenters, three tailors, four shoemakers, a cooper, a glazier, two blacksmiths, three butchers, 23 servants and 24 maids as other commercial and handicraft businesses. There was a beer brewery, a vinegar brewery. Four grocers (victuals) and three innkeepers supplied the groceries. The total livestock consisted of 75 horses, 282 cattle, 815 sheep, 65 goats and 203 pigs. The village corridor comprised 4820 acres , of which the agricultural area comprised 3433 acres of arable land, 37 acres of garden land, 30 acres of pasture and 108 acres of meadows. Two ponds, 1185 acres of private forest and 18 acres of fallow land were also mentioned. The yield from fruit growing and beekeeping was rated as low.

The Roman Catholic priest Gustav Vogt celebrated unauthorized services with Polish forced laborers in 1940, which is why he was sentenced to prison for “ treachery ” and then transferred to the Dachau concentration camp , where he died of torture and hunger. A plaque on his church and a street in the village remind of him. At least 14 women and men from Poland and the Ukraine had to do forced labor for farmers and in the sheep cooperative.

The previously independent municipality of Deuna was incorporated into Niederorschel on January 1, 2019. It belonged to the Eichsfelder Kessel administrative community . From December 31, 2013, Vollenborn belonged to the municipality as a district.

Population development

Development of the population (December 31) :

  • 1994: 1127
  • 1995: 1130
  • 1996: 1125
  • 1997: 1122
  • 1998: 1126
  • 1999: 1120
  • 2000: 1112
  • 2001: 1126
  • 2002: 1126
  • 2003: 1120
  • 2004: 1088
  • 2005: 1061
  • 2006: 1039
  • 2007: 1012
  • 2008: 0999
  • 2009: 0985
  • 2010: 0960
  • 2011: 0950
  • 2012: 0931
  • 2013: 1168
  • 2014: 1175
  • 2015: 1176
  • 2016: 1156
  • 2017: 1157
Data source: Thuringian State Office for Statistics

coat of arms

Blazon : “Split with a flat ascending tip; right in red a silver six-spoke wheel ( Mainz wheel ); on the left, in green, a silver Passion Cross standing on a growing silver double base; at the top in silver a lowered, wavy blue shield base, above a black moated castle with silver windows. "

religion

Deuna is the seat of the Catholic branch community “St. Peter and Paul ”, which belongs to the parish“ St. Marien ”in Niederorschel.

economy

Opencast mining of the cement works
Construction of the Deuna cement plant (1974)

Deuna cement plant

After five years of planning, construction began in 1968. The cement plant was commissioned in 1975 as VEB Eichsfelder Zementwerk Deuna ( EZW for short ). In 1988 the cement plant produced approximately 2.9 million tons of cement clinker and 2.8 million tons of cement. Since 1991 it has belonged to the cement manufacturer Dyckerhoff as Deuna Zement GmbH . With around 200 employees, the company is the most important employer in the area and an important one in the Eichsfeld district. The company has its own quarry on the ridge of the Dün and its own works railway with 24 km of tracks. The cement plant in Deuna is one of the seven plants that belong to the Dyckerhoff Group.

Other companies

Other companies have settled in the vicinity of the cement works, including the forwarding company Werner Ruploh GmbH & Co. KG . Deuna also has its own bakery and small craft businesses. In addition to traditional agriculture, home weaving used to be an important line of business for the local population.

The company Umweltdienste Bohn is currently building an SBS processing plant that is scheduled to go into operation in February 2018.

education

In Deuna there is a vocational training and further education center, the Catholic kindergarten and the state primary school.

Culture and sights

Deuna hosted the 5th Thuringian National Costume Festival on July 6-8, 2001. The place celebrated its 850th anniversary on July 8, 2012 with a large pageant. Thuringia's Prime Minister Christine Lieberknecht (CDU) also took part.

Attractions

The places of interest include:

  • the Deuna moated castle , locally only called the castle , is a compact, fort-like, three-winged complex and also has three corner towers
  • the front lock or the front courtyard
  • the Deuna Catholic Church of St. Peter and Paul is located about one hundred meters west of the castle in the local area (built in 1687)
  • Heimatstube: The Heimatstube Deuna in Hauptstraße 32 has a small collection of local and folklore exhibits.
High altar of the Church of St. Peter and Paul in Deuna

The industrial facilities of the cement works and the quarry to the south of the site, which supplies the limestone masses required for cement production, cannot be overlooked. From the southwestern edge of the municipality, a station path leads to the Dünkreuz Deuna , also known as “St. Josef-Heinrich-Kreuz “. Next to this cross is a large linden tree and a devotional chapel. In the north-western foreland of Deuna, the approximately 9-hectare Ahlenbach reservoir was created.

Eminent citizens

  • Joseph Brodmann (1763–1848), important fortepiano maker in Vienna
  • Gustav Vogt (1890–1942), pastor of the place, who showed solidarity with Polish forced laborers, was persecuted for it and died in the Dachau concentration camp.
  • Josef Pfeiffer (1927–2013), pastor of the place (1971–1993), who was popular and popular; is buried in the cemetery in Deuna.
  • Elisabeth Vaterodt OCist (born February 2, 1956, in Deuna), since 2016 she has been the 56th abbess of the St. Marienthal Monastery near Ostritz

literature

  • Deuna municipality (ed.): Deuna in Eichsfeld - memories in words and pictures . Mecke, Duderstadt 2001, ISBN 3-932752-73-2 , p. 132 .
  • Eichsfeld village chronicles. Bernterode, Breitenworbis, Deuna, Gernrode, Hüpstedt, Kirchworbis, Vollenborn . In: Maik Pinkert, Alfons Montag, André Sieland (ed.): Source editions from the Episcopal Commissariat in Heiligenstadt . tape 1 . Eichsfeldverlag, Dortmund 2001, ISBN 3-935782-02-0 , p. 456 .
  • Edgar Rademacher: The village of Deuna in 1836 . In: Eichsfeld Yearbook . tape 7 . Mecke, Duderstadt 1999, p. 283-292 .
  • Edgar Rademacher: Cement from Deuna for 25 years . In: Eichsfeld Yearbook . tape 8 . Mecke, Duderstadt 2000, p. 220-230 .
  • Wolfgang Große (Red.): Festschrift for the 5th Thuringian National Costume Festival Deuna 6th to 8th July 2001 . Ed .: Organization office of the 5th Thuringian National Costume Festival, Deuna 2001. 2001, p. 68 .

Web links

Commons : Deuna  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Otto Dorbencker (arrangement and ed.): Regesta diplomatica necnon epistolaria historiae Thuringiae (1152-1210) . tape 2 Part 1. Fischer, Jena 1898. No. 266.
  2. ^ Thomas Bienert: Medieval Castles in Thuringia Wartberg Verlag 2000 ISBN 3-86134-631-1 , p. 31.
  3. ↑ Wasserburg
  4. ↑ Carl August Nobrack: detailed geographic-statistical-topographical description of the district of Erfurt . Erfurt 1841, p. 196-197 .
  5. ↑ Thuringian Association of the Persecuted of the Nazi Regime - Association of Antifascists and Study Group of German Resistance 1933–1945 (ed.): Heimatgeschichtlicher Wegweiser to sites of resistance and persecution 1933–1945, series: Heimatgeschichtliche Wegweiser Volume 8 Thüringen, Erfurt 2003, p. 32 , ISBN 3-88864-343-0
  6. ↑ Cement has been produced in Deuna for 40 years: a look back. Thuringian General of August 20, 2015
  7. ↑ Harald Löffelholz: The VEB Eichsfelder Zementwerke Deuna - my workplace In: Eichsfelder Heimathefte 29th vol., Pages 228–232.
  8. ↑ Info Flyer Deuna Cement
  9. ^ Resolution no .: 198 - 2017 of the Deuna municipal council. Official journal of the administrative community "Eichsfelder Kessel", April 28, 2017, accessed on February 4, 2018 .
  10. ↑ New construction of an SBS processing plant in Deuna. MBH BAU AG, accessed on February 4, 2018 .