Rudigershagen

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Rudigershagen
community Niederorschel
Rüdigershagen coat of arms
Coordinates: 51 ° 20 ′ 50 ″  N , 10 ° 26 ′ 37 ″  E
Height : 344  (325-370)  m
Residents : 600
Incorporation : January 1, 1996
Postal code : 37355
Area code : 036076
Rüdigershagen (Thuringia)
Rudigershagen

Location of Rüdigershagen in Thuringia
Place view
Place view

Rüdigershagen is a district of Niederorschel in the Eichsfeld district in Thuringia . Rüdigershagen is one of the few villages in the Eichsfeld district that does not belong to the “historic” Eichsfeld .

location

The place Rüdigershagen is about 20 kilometers as the crow flies east of the district town Heilgenstadt on the northern slope of the Dün in the section Hüpstedter Wald . The highest elevation is the Kirchholz ( 504.9  m above sea  level ), this rises immediately south of the locality starting with a 150 m high steep slope over the foreland. Other mountains are the Wallingsberg ( 490.1  m above sea  level ) and the knight wood with the rock formation Teufelsklippe . To the east of Rüdigershagen is the village of Deuna , known for its cement works , to the west is Kleinbartloff . The L1015 road leads to the neighboring town of Hüpstedt in the south, a winding and very steep route for which there are numerous traffic restrictions.

history

A family legend of the Count von Hagen says that the family comes from a Saxon tribal warrior Hartugast , who is said to have made a decisive contribution in the decisive battle against the Thuringian Kingdom in 531 and thus helped the allied Saxons and Franks to victory. As a reward, he is said to have received a significant piece of land. The von Hagen resident in Rüdigershagen, Hüpstedt and Deuna are said to be blood relatives to a number of eichsfeld knight families, which is also reflected in the family coat of arms.

The first documented mention of the von Hagen family - here in the Latin form Indagine can be found in February 1148: Cunnradus et Hermannus fratres de Indagine… - the brothers Konrad and Hermann von Hagen… .

The first reliable mention of the place Rüdigershagen took place on December 31, 1273. A piece of land on the outskirts ( at Steingraben ) was sold to the neighboring Volkenroda monastery . Duke Albrecht von Braunschweig confirms this legal transaction to his castle man in Hagen . The document also shows that the possessions of the Lords of Hagen belonged to the Duchy of Braunschweig and were therefore not part of the Mainz Eichsfeld.

In 1296 the brothers Rüdiger and Heinrich von Hagen and a Voigt Thilo von Proiken sat on the castle estates in the village , the latter could be a representative of the Volkenroda monastery. The castle complex mentioned here was documented on site as remains of the upper wall and lower wall by the employees of the Weimar Museum for Prehistory and Early History in the Worbis district .

At the beginning of the 14th century, the neighboring imperial city of Mühlhausen began to (again) increasingly defend itself against attacks by the country nobility on their trade routes and the sovereign territory. Mühlhausen was one of the founders of the Thuringian Tri - City Association . Step by step, the numerous castles in the area were taken with great military superiority and, as a rule, destroyed. Around 1340 the von Hagen men were first forced to conclude an atonement agreement with the Mühlhausen city council, and their castles in Rüdigershagen had also been cremated. The Deuna moated castle , which is also part of Hagens possession , thus became the family's new ancestral home. In the ruins of the old castle , the gentlemen from Hagen - or Hartwig von Knorr , who had acquired parts of the village as pledged property, set up a farm in the outer bailey.

The time of the Lords of Knorr in Rüdigershagen ended in 1544 when Christoph vom Hagen on Deuna bought back the goods there. This personality was one of the most important nobles of the Eichsfeld and was an early supporter of the reformer Luther . The family was now clearly in opposition to the Catholic Church and even forbade clergymen to enter the respective estates in the Hagen villages. The castle in Rüdigershagen, built in 1590, was inhabited by Hans vom Hagen , but he died without an heir and his property fell to his brother Christoph in Deuna .

With the Reformation, which was also introduced in the Duchy of Braunschweig, Rüdigershagen received the first Protestant pastor, Johannes Schaub von Zaunröden, on March 14, 1591 . The first village school is said to have existed from 1607 to 1624, the first teacher was Barthold Ringleben . A first new school building was inaugurated in 1682.

Four decades after the Thirty Years' War , in 1689 there were 227 Brunswick and 41 Schwarzburg subjects in the village of Rüdigershagen. The Evangelical Church was renewed as early as 1686. In the 18th century they used their influence to enable the settlement of Jewish merchants as protective Jews .

In December 1807, the Brunswick exclaves in northern Thuringia were incorporated into the Kingdom of Westphalia . After the Congress of Vienna , the dominant areas in Northern Thuringia were re-administered: in 1815 the village was incorporated into the newly formed Worbis district, Erfurt administrative district in the Kingdom of Prussia .

As patronage and court lords, the Counts von Hagen lived in the village until the Second World War . A memorial plaque donated by the family was placed inside the church in autumn 1996.

According to a statistical study, the village of Rüdigershagen had 4 Catholic and 755 Protestant residents as well as 75 Jews around 1840. 158 houses, 167 stables and barns, four meetinghouses, two jugs and a school were also mentioned. Part of the place (eleven houses) was owned by the princes of Schwarzburg-Sondershausen . A teacher taught the school-age 81 boys and 66 girls. The most important trade in Rüdigershagen at that time was the fur trade - after all, 60 people went into this trade. The artisanal weaving and textile production was present with two cotton and six canvas looms. The overview names a baker, two butchers, two shoemakers, three tailors, three carpenters, a turner, two house butchers, a barber, two innkeepers, two grinding mills, as well as nine maids and seven servants as other commercial and craft businesses . Seven grocers (victuals) supplied the village with the necessary food from outside. The total livestock consisted of 34 horses, 1 donkey, 140 cattle, 460 sheep, 42 goats and 20 pigs. The rearing of geese was also important. The village corridor comprised 2464 acres , of which the agricultural area comprised 1718 acres of arable land, 18 acres of garden land and 33 acres of meadow. In addition, 550 acres of private forest - of which 53 acres of community forest - and 71 acres of fallow land were named. The yield of the fields was assessed as poor to mediocre.

Attractions

  • The local museum of the community is located in Niederorschel, Thomas-Müntzer-Straße, with a collection of farm and industrial equipment from Rüdigershagen.
  • In Rüdigershagen you can visit the remains of a tower hill castle on the western edge of the municipality in a park-like area. The castle complex existed in the 13th century and secured access to the village. The former noble residence of the Counts of Hagen, which is spatially distant from it, was partially demolished in 1984.
  • The new mill served as a grinding mill for the farmers in the village while the manor, a large four-sided farm in its building complex, had its own manor mill .
  • The historic town center was entered as a monument ensemble in the monuments book of the Free State of Thuringia in June 2018 .
  • The church , which was built in its main components in 1686, is a listed building.

Personalities

literature

  • Georg Max, History of the Principality of Grubenhagen , p. 132ff, digitized version , Castle and Village of Rüdigershagen
  • Clemens Friedrich B. Frantz (1808-1882): The book of the Chronicle of Rüdigershagen . In: Eichsfeld Yearbook . tape 11 . Mecke, Duderstadt 2003, p. 169-198 .
  • Michael Köhler: "Rüdigershagen" - Thuringian castles and fortified prehistoric and early historical living spaces . Jenzig-Verlag, Jena 2001, ISBN 3-910141-43-9 , p. 214 .
  • Georg Pfützenreuter: On the trail of the fossilization of the borders of 1743/44 near Oberorschel. In: Eichsfelder Heimatzeitschrift. 60th volume (2016), issue 6, pages 170-172
  • Georg Pfützenreuter: Hike to the boundary stone in the Dün near Deuna. In: Eichsfelder Heimatzeitschrift. 57 (2013), p. 225 f.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Thuringian State Office for Road Construction, Road Map Thuringia. 1: 200,000 , Erfurt 2009
  2. ^ Edgar Rademacher: From the history of the village of Rüdigershagen . In: Kulturbund Worbis (Hrsg.): Eichsfelder Heimathefte . Issue 3. Worbis 1988, p. 216-227 .
  3. ^ Aloys Schmidt: Document book of the calibration field. Number 640 . In: Historical sources of the province of Saxony and Anhalt . tape 13 . Magdeburg 1933.
  4. ↑ Edgar Rademacher: ibid . 1988, p. 218 .
  5. ↑ Paul Grimm, Wolfgang Timpel: The prehistoric and early historical fortifications of the Worbis district . In: Kulturbund Worbis (Hrsg.): Eichsfelder Heimathefte . Special edition. Worbis 1969, p. 26, 27, 60-62 .
  6. ↑ Edgar Rademacher: ibid . 1988, p. 219-220 .
  7. ↑ Edgar Rademacher: ibid . 1988, p. 221 .
  8. ↑ Edgar Rademacher: ibid . 1988, p. 223 .
  9. ↑ Edgar Rademacher: ibid . 1988, p. 224-226 .
  10. ↑ Edgar Rademacher: New memorial plaque commemorates the earlier patronage . In: Eichsfeld . Issue 12.Mecke, Duderstadt 1996, p. 468-469 .
  11. ↑ Carl August Nobrack: detailed geographic-statistical-topographical description of the district of Erfurt . Erfurt 1841, p. 207 .
  12. ↑ Wolfgang Landgrebe: "Niederorschel" . In: Freizeitführer Thuringia . tape 1 (Central and North region). Wartberg Verlag, Gudensberg-Gleichen 1999, ISBN 3-86134-550-1 , p. 47 .
  13. ↑ Volker Große, Klaus Herzberg: Gutsmühle / New Mill Rüdigershagen . In: Maik Pinkert (Ed.): Mühlen im Obereichsfeld. A compendium . Eichsfeld-Verlag, Heiligenstadt 2008, ISBN 978-3-935782-13-5 , p. 291-293 .
  14. ↑ Thuringian State Gazette No. 25/2018, page 728

Web links

Commons : Rüdigershagen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Rödigershagen in the Topographia Braunschweig Lüneburg (Matthäus Merian)  - sources and full texts