List of classifications in encyclopedias
The list of systematics in encyclopedias contains the knowledge systematics or subject division as it can be found in systematically arranged encyclopedias . The classification may only be found in the preface of an alphabetically arranged encyclopedia.
antiquity
| time | author | plant | division |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st century BC Chr. | Marcus Terentius Varro | Rerum divinarum et humanorum | I Foreword II-VII Human VIII-XIII Geography: Rome, Italy, Provinces XIV-XIX History and Time XX-XXV Governments and the State, Law |
| approx. 14–37 BC Chr. | Aulus Cornelius Celsus | Artes | Agriculture, five books of medicine, eight books of rhetoric, six books of philosophy and law, six books, one book of warfare |
| approx. 77 AD | Pliny the Elder | Naturalis historia | I Foreword, content, sources II Cosmography, astronomy, meteorology III-VI Geography, ethnography, anthropology VII-XI Zoology, humans, inventions XII-XIX Botany XX-XXXII Medicine, pharmaceuticals, magic XXXIII-XXXVII Metallurgy, mineralogy, arts |
| 410-429 | Martianus Capella | Liber de nuptiis Mercurii et Philologiae | I-II The marriage of Mercury and philology III Grammar IV Dialectics: metaphysics and logic V Rhetoric VI Geography and geometry VII Arithmetic VIII Astronomy IX Music and poetry |
middle Ages
| time | author | plant | division |
|---|---|---|---|
| 6th century AD | Cassiodorus | Institutiones divinarum et humanarum lectionum |
Book I : Institutiones divinarum lectionum , chapters: I-XVI The Holy Scriptures and Commentaries XVII-XXIV Historians of Christianity, Church Fathers XXV Cosmography XXVI Cassiodor's own critical system XXVII Idioms and the Liberal Arts XXVIII Readings for unfamiliar monks XXIX The monasteries of Vivarium and Castellum XXX The scriptorium: spelling, bookbinding, lighting, timing, etc. XXXI Medical works XXXII Admonition for the abbot and the community of monks XXXIII Final poem Book II : Institutiones humanarum lectionum , Chapter: I Grammar II Rhetoric III Dialectic IV Arithmetic V Music VI Geometry VII astronomy |
| 7th century | Isidore of Seville | Etymologiae | Books: I-III The liberal arts IV Medicine V Legal scholarship, time, short world chronicle VI Bible VII Heavenly hierarchy VIII Church and heresies IX People, language, statecraft X Dictionary of origin (alphabetical) XI Human XII Zoology XIII Heaven, atmosphere, oceans XIV Geography XV Cities, architecture XVI Geology, weights and measures XVII Agriculture and horticulture XVIII Art of war, public games XIX Ships, houses, costumes XX Food, tools, furniture |
| approx. 801 | Do yu | T'ung tien (also: Tongdian ) | Economy Exams and Degrees Government Rites and Ceremonies Music Army Law Political Geography National Defense |
| 11th century | Michael Psellos | De omnifaria doctrina | Chapter: I-XX Theology XXI-LXV Psychology LXVI-LXXXI Ethics LXXXII-CVII Physics CVIII-CXIX Physiology CXX-CXXXVIII Astronomy CXXXIX-CLXXVIII Meteorology, Cosmography CLXXIX-CCI Miscellaneous |
| 1090 | Honorius Inclusus | Imago mundi | I geography, astrology, astronomy II chronology III history |
| 1244 | Vincent of Beauvais | Speculum maius |
I Speculum naturale , books: I God, divinity, angels, devils II-VIII Creation: first three days (physics, geography, geology, agriculture, chemistry) IX-XIV Botany XV-XXII Creation: fourth to sixth day (astronomy, weather , Birds, fish, animals), cattle breeding XXIII-XXVIII man: soul and body XXIX-XXXI God and man II Speculum doctrinale , books: I-III language (with glossary), grammar, logic, rhetoric IV-X ethics, family life, Economy, politics, law XI-XII handicrafts, architecture, war, sport, navigation, hunting, agriculture, applied medicine XIII-XVII medicine, physics, mathematics, metaphysics, theology III Speculum historiale , books: Summary of the Speculum naturale and the Speculum doctrinale II-XXXI World history up to 1244 IV Speculum morale Ethics, astrology, theology |
| circa 1270 | Jacob van Maerlant | The natural bloeme | The first chapter will describe the wondrous peoples, the second the four-legged animals, the third the birds, the fourth the water monsters, the fifth the many kinds of fish that occur in lakes and rivers, the sixth the poisonous snakes, the seventh the many Species of insects and reptiles, the eighth the simple trees, the ninth will deal with the spice trees, the tenth the medicinal plants, the eleventh the wells, both medicinal and poisonous, the twelfth the precious stones, the thirteenth the seven metals that are made of of the earth. |
Early modern age
| time | author | plant | division |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1620 | Francis Bacon | The great instauration (only plan, no encyclopedia) |
I External nature : astronomy, meteorology, geography, large masses (fire, air, water, earth), species (mineral, vegetable, animal) II Human : anatomy, physiology, structure and forces, actions (voluntary and involuntary) III Human Actions in nature : medicine, surgery, chemistry, vision, visual arts, emotions and much more. |
| 1778-1807 | Heinrich Martin Gottfried Köster | German Encyclopedia | I Natural history II Mathematics, chemistry, mineralogy III Astronomy, navigation, chronology, physical geography, mechanics, architecture IV Navigation, martial arts, philosophy V German language and literature VI-VII Geography |
Recent history
| time | author | plant | division |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1958 | Encyclopedic guide through the educational material of the 16th edition of the Großer Brockhaus |
Inner circle : The historical dimension Outer circle : Spiritual world Man Society - Law - State Economy Technology Humanity and inhabited earth Living nature Forces and substances Earth and space |
|
| 1974 | Mortimer Eagle | Encyclopaedia Britannica (Propaedia) | I Matter and Energy II Earth III Life IV Human Life V Society VI Art VII Technology VIII Religion IX History X Departments of Knowledge |
| 2001- | Wikipedia in German | Geography History Society Art and Culture Religion Sports Technology Science |
supporting documents
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, pp. 23/24.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 24.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 25.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 27.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 29.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 34.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 35.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 46.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, pp. 52/53.
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, pp. 60/61
- ^ Translation from Dutch from: Jacob van Maerlant: Het boek der natuur , edited by Peter Burger. Em. Querido's Uitgeverij. Amsterdam 1995, p. 9. Online Digitale Bibliotheek voor de Nederlandse Letteren . See Wikisource for the original text .
- ^ A b Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, pp. 83/84
- ^ Robert Collison: Encyclopaedias. Their history throughout the ages. A bibliographical guide with extensive historical notes to the general encyclopaedias issued throughout the world from 350 B. C. to the present day . 2nd Edition. Hafner. New York 1966, p. 110
- ↑ Anja zum Hingst: The story of the big Brockhaus. From conversation lexicon to encyclopedia. Harrassowitz Verlag. Wiesbaden 1995, pp. 164/165.