Gołębiewo perforated rod

The Gołębiewo perforated rod is a 30.5 cm long so-called perforated or cult rod that was excavated in 2013 by a team led by Grzegorz Osipowicz in central Poland at the Gołębiewo 47 site. The stick comes from the Mesolithic and was made around 6800 BC. This makes it the youngest hole rod from this region and one of the most discovered in the south.

The rod is 1.8 to 2.0 cm in diameter at the base, 2.1 to 2.4 cm in the center and up to 2.9 cm near the perforation. The source material comes from a reindeer , a species that was found in northern Scandinavia and northwestern Russia at the time. The work may have been transported from northern Karelia or southern Lapland to central Poland. Thus, according to the excavator, it is the work that has covered the greatest distance within the hunter-gatherer societies of the time.

The piece, created from a piece of antler , was decorated with ornaments along the axis, starting about 3 cm from the base and extending to the piercing, which in turn has a diameter of 16 mm. The ornamentation consists of ten triangles with incisions running parallel to one of the sides of the triangle; in most triangles there are five, in two triangles there are four, in one there are six such lines. The second triangle was partially removed by carving.

The stick is in the Frater Władysław Łęga Museum in Grudziądz (inventory number: MGA7838).

literature

• Grzegorz Osipowicz, Henryk Witas, Aleksandra Lisowska-Gaczorek, Laurie Reitsema, Krzysztof Szostek, Tomasz Płoszaj, Justyna Kuriga, Daniel Makowiecki, Krystyna Jędrychowska-Dańska, Beata Cienkosz-Steptonańska , trigger from the origin of the ornamentation 47 of discussion on long-distance exchange among Early Mesolithic communities of Central Poland and Northern Europe . PLoS ONE 12 (10): e0184560; doi : 10.1371 / journal.pone.0184560
• 8,800-year-old Ornamented Artifact Uncovered in Poland , in: ScieneNews, October 17, 2017