Lorenzertor
The Lorenzertor (Slovak. Laurinská brána, Hungarian. Lőrinc-kapu ) is a former gate in the old town of Pressburg (today Bratislava ) at the end of today's Laurinská ulica (German Lorenzert [h] orgasse ). It was one of the four medieval city gates of Pressburg.
history
The street and the gate were named after the former parish church of St. Lorenz , which was located next to the gate. St. Lawrence was the patron saint of travelers in the Middle Ages . Many cities had churches dedicated to him and these churches were mostly outside the city walls. The St. Lorenz Church had to be demolished in 1528 because of the threatening Turkish threat at the time. The building materials from the church were used to reinforce the city walls. But the gate kept the old name even after it was demolished. Even then, when a new column - that of St. Florian - was erected in front of the gate in 1732 .
The gate was built in the 13th century and was first mentioned in documents in 1412. The tower and the gate were similar to the Michaelertor . The gate consisted of an inner, middle and outer gate. A clapboard-covered gallery, the so-called "Umbgangk", rose above the middle gate. The tower was not very high, adorned with a gilded button adorned with a flag decorated with a coat of arms. The portrait of St. Lawrence was attached to the central gate.
The defense capacity of the gate was reinforced by a strong outer structure, a so-called kennel . In front of the gate was a guard house for guards and mercenaries. A powder magazine and a store for stone balls were housed in the inner gate. At times the gate was closed to heavy traffic and only a side door allowed access. It was opened to general traffic in 1608. In 1631, a violent storm wind wreaked havoc across the city. The tower of the Lorenz Gate was also destroyed at that time. The roof of the gate was also destroyed and had to be rebuilt by the city master Urban Windisch for 25 guilders.
The city cannons were kept in the guard house in front of the gate. A water weir was also located here, which had to supply the city trenches with water.
The gate was demolished in 1778 when larger parts of the Pressburg city fortifications were already being demolished. The only reminder of this permanent defense of the city of Pressburg is the name Lorenzertorgasse (Slov. Laurinská ulica).
The Pavol Országh Hviezdoslav Theater is located on the site of the former gate . ( Slov . Divadlo Pavla Országha Hviezdoslava).
See also
literature
Theodor Ortvay : Pozsony város utcai és terei, Pozsony 1905 ( Hungarian )
Emil Portisch: History of the City of Pressburg - Bratislava , 2 vols., Pressburg - Bratislava 1932/1933
Web links
Štefan Holčík: Pri Laurinskej bráne vyúsťoval aj potok (Slovak)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Karl Frech created the reconstruction drawing according to the city archivist Dr. Ovidius Faust .
- ↑ According to old documents, the church was mentioned for the first time in 1311. Around the church was an old cemetery (St. Laurentius cemetery) with a chapel dedicated to St. Jacob. The cemetery existed until 1774 and was also removed after the city wall was removed. (Ortvay, p. 599)
- ↑ The church was outside the city wall, so it had to be demolished.
- ↑ According to other information, the column was erected or inaugurated in 1741 ( Theodor Ortvay ).
- ↑ a b St. Florian is the patron saint of fire and water services. It was probably set up at this point because the water weir was also in front of the Lorenzer Gate.
- ↑ "Master Hansen painter in front of his arbait from begen des Knopf und fändl on S. Larentzen turn to gilding, and coat of arms made to the Fandl, 12 fl. " Municipal chamber bill of the city of Pressburg, 1496. (Quoted from Portisch, Volume 1, p 204; see bibliography)
- ^ City account of the city of Pressburg from 1451.