Batch production
In the batches, a passes through production job ( lot ) as the (closed) post production steps , where in each case unique for laying a single batch setup costs arise.
General
Lot production costs are characteristic of lot production, which are incurred at the beginning and at the end of the production process regardless of the sequence of the types and sizes of the lot and are therefore fixed. These include conversion costs for setting up the workplace, clamping the tools, providing the production factor parts defined according to the parts list and production lot, dismantling and cleaning.
detection
The unit costs contain a proportion of the lot costs and thus depend on the lot size :
The production unit costs correspond to the cost-assessed working hours (personnel and machine working time ) and, like the material costs, are incurred regardless of the type of production. Due to the first term in the above formula, however, the unit costs are degressive as the lot size increases . A lot size of one is individual production ; if it tends to infinity, it is series production . Under the production types, batch production is assigned as a special form of type production .
species
A distinction is made between open and closed batch production, depending on whether delivery is possible when part of the batch is completed or only when the entire batch has been produced . The latter is the case, for example, when individual pieces are embossed together at the end of the production process and leave the production facility en bloc . The type of production is decisive for determining the storage costs and thus also influences the optimal lot size, which can be determined using the classic lot formula , for example .
Related topics
literature
- Hans-Otto Günther, Horst Tempelmeier: Production and Logistics. 8th edition. Springer, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-642-00379-0 .