Ludwig of Lower Lorraine

Ludwig von Niederlothringen , also Hludovicus von Niederlothringen (* probably well before 989; † around 1023) from the Carolingian family was the son of Duke Karl von Niederlothringen and his wife Adelheid (Adelais).

Life

When his father, who had fought for the French crown with Hugo Capet , became his prisoner in 991, the victorious Capetian left Ludwig to the bishop Adalbero of Laon . In the spring of 993, Count Odo I von Blois , who was disappointed in Hugo Capet because he refused to give him the title of "Duke of the Franks", planned together with Bishop Adalbero, the king and his son Robert the Pious at a planned meeting with the Kaiser Otto III. kidnapped in Metz and replacing Hugo on the throne with Ludwig - Odo would have become Duke of the Franks and Adalbero would have become Archbishop of Reims . Hugo and Robert were warned and they managed to thwart the attack - Hugo had Ludwig handed himself over and locked him up in Orléans .

Karl Ferdinand Werner showed that "Count Ludwig", who was wealthy in Lorraine and died around 1023 in the monastery of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif , is the same who appeared at the court of the Duke of Aquitaine and in a document from the Bourgueil Abbey from the Time before 1012 as "Ludwig, son of King Karl". On his epitaph in Sens (Yonne) it is reported that he died of an illness on his return journey from Mont Saint-Michel to the Holy Roman Empire in the monastery of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif after he was on his deathbed ("in extremis") Became a monk and bequeathed the (not localized) court “Ariscurt” and its “Pallium” to the monastery.

literature

Ferdinand Lot : Les derniers Carolingiens, Lothaire, Louis V, Charles de Lorraine (954-991). É. Bouillon, Paris 1891.
Robert-Henri Bautier , Monique Gilles: Odorannus de Sens, Opera omnia. Éditions du Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1972.
Robert-Henri Bautier, Monique Gilles: La chronique de Saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, dite de Clarius. Éditions du Center national de la recherche scientifique, Paris 1979.
Winfried Glocker: The kinship of the Ottonians and their importance in politics. Studies on family policy and genealogy of the Saxon imperial family. Böhlau, Cologne / Vienna 1989.
Karl Ferdinand Werner : Il ya mille ans, les Carolingiens: fin d'une dynastie, début d'un mythe. In: Annuaire-bulletin de la société d'histoire de France. 1991-1992, p. 24.
Christian Settipani : La préhistoire des Capétiens, 481-987. Part 1: Mérovingiens, Carolingiens et Robertiens. P. Van Kerrebrouck, Villeneuve d'Ascq 1993, p. 399.
Laurent Theis: Robert le Pieux. Librairie Acédémique Perrin, Paris 1999.
Hervé Pinoteau : La symbolique royale française, Ve - XVIIIe siècle. PSR éditions, La Roche-Rigault 2004.

Remarks

↑ Settipani, p. 399; on p. 431: * 975/980
↑ Werner, p. 24; Settipani, p. 431: † 1012
↑ The "Historia Francorum Senonensis", however, report that Karl von Niederlothringen had two sons born during his captivity in Orléans - from 991 onwards - Ludwig and Karl (Hugonis Floriacensis, Historia Francorum Senonensis, MGH Scriptores (in folio) 9, p. 368).
↑ Theis, p. 70.
^ Theis, p. 76
↑ According to Lot (1891), p. 282, and W. Glocker (1989), p. 302, Ludwig is mentioned for the last time with the year 993. Richer reports that Duke Karl, his wife Adelheid, their son Ludwig and their daughters Gerberga and Adelheid, as well as their nephew Arnulf (the archbishop of Reims who was deposed in 991 ) were imprisoned in Orléans: “Karolum ergo cum uxore Adelaide et filio Ludovico, et filiabus duabus, quarum altera Gerberga, altera Adelaidis dicebatur, necnon et Arnulfo nepote carceri dedit. ”Richer Historiæ IV 49, MGH Scriptores (in folio) 3, p. 642.
↑ Werner, p. 24: “Un autre fils de Charles, Louis, s'est également tourné vers l'Empire où il est devenu comte. Avant 1012, il apparaît à la cour du duc d'Aquitaine qui le fait nommer, parmi d'autres témoins d'un acte pour l'abbaye de Bourgueil, par les mots: "Signum Lodoïci filii Karoli regis" (Alfred Richard, Histoire des comtes de Poitou, 778-1204, Volume 1 (778-1126), Paris 1903, p. 199 No. 2). Gesture fort aimable, son prétendant de père n'ayant jamais été roi sacré ou généralement reconnu, mais geste sans conséquence. On a été plus prudent sur l'épitaphe de Louis: "Regali de stirpe natus", ce qui était exact. Cette épitaphe se trouve à Sens. Louis avait fait un pèlerinage au Mont-Sant-Michel. Tournant malade en retournant vers l'Empire, il s'est arrêté à Sens et, se préparant à la mort, s'est fait moine à Saint-Pierre-le-Vif. Parmi ses dons à ce monastère, on mentionne un "palleum" - pièce d'étoffe précieuse ayant une signification royale - "qui usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici". C'est tout. Louis, fils de Charles de Lorraine pouvait - peu de temps après 987-991 - parcourir à la France sans que cela puisse émouvoir et moins encore échauffer les habitants du royaume. C'est cela, la véritable fin de la dynastie "dans un monde qui… n'est plus le monde carolingien", comme l'a si bien dit Pierre Riché, dans son livre magistral sur les Carolingiens, "famille qui fit l ' Europe "(Pierre Riché, Les Carolingiens. Une famille qui fit l'Europe, Paris 1983, p. 268)." ["Another son of Charles, Ludwig, also decided for the empire, where he became a count. Before 1012 he appeared at the court of the Duke of Aquitaine, who, along with other witnesses, had him sign a file for the Bourgeuil Abbey with the words: "Signum Lodoïci filii Karoli regis" (Alfred Richard, Histoire des comtes de Poitou, 778-1204, volume 1 (778-1126), Paris 1903, p. 199 No. 2). A nice gesture since his pretender father was never an anointed or universally recognized king, but a harmless gesture. One was more careful with Ludwig's epitaph: "Regali de stirpe natus", and thus exact. This epitaph is in Sens. Ludwig made a pilgrimage to Mont Saint-Michel. He fell ill on the journey back to the empire, stopped in Sens and became a monk in the monastery of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif in preparation for death. Among his donations to the monastery one mentions a "palleum" - a valuable piece of material with royal meaning - "qui usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici". That's all. Ludwig, the son of Charles of Lorraine, was able to go to France - shortly after 987-991 - without moving or even upsetting the inhabitants of the kingdom. This is the real end of the dynasty "in a world that ... is no longer the Carolingian world", as Pierre Riché once said in his masterful book "The Carolingians. A family forms Europe" (Pierre Riché, Les Carolingiens. Une famille qui fit l'Europe, Paris 1983, p. 268).]. Footnote 24: "L'épitaphe est publiée par Robert-Henri Bautier et Monique Gilles, Odorannus de Sens, Opera omnia, Paris 1972, p. 270 (also MGH, Poetae latini, t. 5.2, Berlin 1939, p. 329 Le passage de la Chronique de Saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, dite de Clarius (Chronicon Sancti Petri Vivi Senonensis), R.-H. Bautier et M. Gilles éd., Paris 1979, p. 114): "Eodem tempore (vers 1023) Hludovicus, comes Alemannorum, orationis causa profectus est ad S. Michaelis Periculum rediensque usque Senonas, infirmitate carnis preventus, in monasterio S. Petri monachus effectus, migravit in astra locandus, relinquens ibi possessiones in villa qui dicitur Ariscurt et palleum unum quod usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici ". Les éditeurs, s'abstenant d'identifier le personnage, traduisent:" Louis, comte des Alamans ". Si" Ariscourt "reste non identifié, il ne se trouvait certainement pas en Germanie ni en Alémanie, mais probablement en Lotharingie, où les localités à consonnance en - curtis / co urt sont fréquentes. "Regali de stirpe natus" indique, avec le nom de Louis, l'origine Carolingienne du défunt. La chronique étant selon la magistrale introduction des éditeurs, une œuvre collective des moines de Saint-Pierre-le-Vif commencée vers 1108 (p. LII), il ne faut pas s'étonner du choix d'un homme exerçant les fonctions comtales dans l'Empire comme "comes Alemannorum", Alemannia étant au XIIe siècle le mot courant pour designer les terres d'Empire au nord des Alpes. Le "palleum" de Sens, lié au souvenir de Louis donne un autre indice, cf. Du Cange, Glossarium (Henschel / Favre éd., 1883–1887), t. 6, p. 113: "Pallium qudrangulum ... regum nostrorum primae, secundae et tertiae stirpis proprium fuit" - celui de Charlemagne étant décrit par Notker de Saint-Gall (cité n. 35). Theodor Klauser , "pallium", lexicon for theology and the church, t. 8, col. 7-9: signe de rang porté par les empereurs, donné aussi, sous une forme moins précieuse, aux hauts dignitaires, avant de devenir en Occident une spécificité du pape et des archevêques. Le don du comte Louis étant donc un précieux souvenir de ses origines royales. ... "[" The epitaph was published by Robert-Henri Bautier and Monique Gilles in "Odorannus de Sens, Opera omnia", Paris 1972, p. 270 (also: MGH, Poetae latini, Volume 5.2, Berlin 1939, p. 329). The passage in the Chronicle of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, dite de Clarius (Chronicon Sancti Petri Vivi Senonensis), R.-H. Bautier et M. Gilles éd., Paris 1979, p. 114): "Eodem tempore (vers 1023) Hludovicus, comes Alemannorum, orationis causa profectus est ad S. Michaelis Periculum rediensque usque Senonas, infirmitate carnis preventus, in monasterio S. Petri monachus effectus, migravit in astra locandus, relinquens ibi possessiones in villa qui dicitur Ariscurt et palleum unum quod usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici ". The editors refrain from identifying the person and translate "Louis, comte des Alamans". Even if "Ariscurt" cannot be determined, it was certainly neither in Germania nor in Alemannia, but probably in Lorraine, where places that end in "curtis / court" are common. "Regali de stirpe natus" in connection with the name Ludwig indicates the Carolingian origin of the deceased. Since the chronicle, which, after the masterful introduction of the editors, was a collective work of the monks of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif, begun around 1108 (p. LII), it is not surprising that a man exercised the functions of count in the Empire , is called "comes Alemannorum" because Alemannia was the name for the areas of the empire north of the Alps in the 12th century. The "palleum" by Sens, which is linked to the memory of Ludwig, gives another clue (see Du Cange, Glossarium (Henschel / Favre éd., 1883-1887), Volume 6, p. 113): "Pallium qudrangulum ... regum nostrorum primae, secundae et tertiae stirpis proprium fuit "- Charlemagne described by Notker von St. Gallen (footnote 35). Theodor Klauser, "pallium" in Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, Volume 8, Column 7-9: a symbol of rank worn by the emperor, given in a less valuable form to high dignitaries before it became a specificity for the Pope and the archbishops in the West. The gift from Count Ludwig is a valuable reminder of his royal origins ... "]

personal data
SURNAME	Ludwig of Lower Lorraine
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Hludovicus of Lower Lorraine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Son of Duke Karl of Lower Lorraine and his wife Adelheid (Adelais)
DATE OF BIRTH	before 989
DATE OF DEATH	around 1023

[1] Settipani, p. 399; on p. 431: * 975/980

[2] Werner, p. 24; Settipani, p. 431: † 1012

[3] The "Historia Francorum Senonensis", however, report that Karl von Niederlothringen had two sons born during his captivity in Orléans - from 991 onwards - Ludwig and Karl (Hugonis Floriacensis, Historia Francorum Senonensis, MGH Scriptores (in folio) 9, p. 368).

[4] Theis, p. 70.

[5] Theis, p. 76

[6] According to Lot (1891), p. 282, and W. Glocker (1989), p. 302, Ludwig is mentioned for the last time with the year 993. Richer reports that Duke Karl, his wife Adelheid, their son Ludwig and their daughters Gerberga and Adelheid, as well as their nephew Arnulf (the archbishop of Reims who was deposed in 991 ) were imprisoned in Orléans: “Karolum ergo cum uxore Adelaide et filio Ludovico, et filiabus duabus, quarum altera Gerberga, altera Adelaidis dicebatur, necnon et Arnulfo nepote carceri dedit. ”Richer Historiæ IV 49, MGH Scriptores (in folio) 3, p. 642.

[7] Werner, p. 24: “Un autre fils de Charles, Louis, s'est également tourné vers l'Empire où il est devenu comte. Avant 1012, il apparaît à la cour du duc d'Aquitaine qui le fait nommer, parmi d'autres témoins d'un acte pour l'abbaye de Bourgueil, par les mots: "Signum Lodoïci filii Karoli regis" (Alfred Richard, Histoire des comtes de Poitou, 778-1204, Volume 1 (778-1126), Paris 1903, p. 199 No. 2). Gesture fort aimable, son prétendant de père n'ayant jamais été roi sacré ou généralement reconnu, mais geste sans conséquence. On a été plus prudent sur l'épitaphe de Louis: "Regali de stirpe natus", ce qui était exact. Cette épitaphe se trouve à Sens. Louis avait fait un pèlerinage au Mont-Sant-Michel. Tournant malade en retournant vers l'Empire, il s'est arrêté à Sens et, se préparant à la mort, s'est fait moine à Saint-Pierre-le-Vif. Parmi ses dons à ce monastère, on mentionne un "palleum" - pièce d'étoffe précieuse ayant une signification royale - "qui usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici". C'est tout. Louis, fils de Charles de Lorraine pouvait - peu de temps après 987-991 - parcourir à la France sans que cela puisse émouvoir et moins encore échauffer les habitants du royaume. C'est cela, la véritable fin de la dynastie "dans un monde qui… n'est plus le monde carolingien", comme l'a si bien dit Pierre Riché, dans son livre magistral sur les Carolingiens, "famille qui fit l ' Europe "(Pierre Riché, Les Carolingiens. Une famille qui fit l'Europe, Paris 1983, p. 268)." ["Another son of Charles, Ludwig, also decided for the empire, where he became a count. Before 1012 he appeared at the court of the Duke of Aquitaine, who, along with other witnesses, had him sign a file for the Bourgeuil Abbey with the words: "Signum Lodoïci filii Karoli regis" (Alfred Richard, Histoire des comtes de Poitou, 778-1204, volume 1 (778-1126), Paris 1903, p. 199 No. 2). A nice gesture since his pretender father was never an anointed or universally recognized king, but a harmless gesture. One was more careful with Ludwig's epitaph: "Regali de stirpe natus", and thus exact. This epitaph is in Sens. Ludwig made a pilgrimage to Mont Saint-Michel. He fell ill on the journey back to the empire, stopped in Sens and became a monk in the monastery of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif in preparation for death. Among his donations to the monastery one mentions a "palleum" - a valuable piece of material with royal meaning - "qui usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici". That's all. Ludwig, the son of Charles of Lorraine, was able to go to France - shortly after 987-991 - without moving or even upsetting the inhabitants of the kingdom. This is the real end of the dynasty "in a world that ... is no longer the Carolingian world", as Pierre Riché once said in his masterful book "The Carolingians. A family forms Europe" (Pierre Riché, Les Carolingiens. Une famille qui fit l'Europe, Paris 1983, p. 268).]. Footnote 24: "L'épitaphe est publiée par Robert-Henri Bautier et Monique Gilles, Odorannus de Sens, Opera omnia, Paris 1972, p. 270 (also MGH, Poetae latini, t. 5.2, Berlin 1939, p. 329 Le passage de la Chronique de Saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, dite de Clarius (Chronicon Sancti Petri Vivi Senonensis), R.-H. Bautier et M. Gilles éd., Paris 1979, p. 114): "Eodem tempore (vers 1023) Hludovicus, comes Alemannorum, orationis causa profectus est ad S. Michaelis Periculum rediensque usque Senonas, infirmitate carnis preventus, in monasterio S. Petri monachus effectus, migravit in astra locandus, relinquens ibi possessiones in villa qui dicitur Ariscurt et palleum unum quod usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici ". Les éditeurs, s'abstenant d'identifier le personnage, traduisent:" Louis, comte des Alamans ". Si" Ariscourt "reste non identifié, il ne se trouvait certainement pas en Germanie ni en Alémanie, mais probablement en Lotharingie, où les localités à consonnance en - curtis / co urt sont fréquentes. "Regali de stirpe natus" indique, avec le nom de Louis, l'origine Carolingienne du défunt. La chronique étant selon la magistrale introduction des éditeurs, une œuvre collective des moines de Saint-Pierre-le-Vif commencée vers 1108 (p. LII), il ne faut pas s'étonner du choix d'un homme exerçant les fonctions comtales dans l'Empire comme "comes Alemannorum", Alemannia étant au XIIe siècle le mot courant pour designer les terres d'Empire au nord des Alpes. Le "palleum" de Sens, lié au souvenir de Louis donne un autre indice, cf. Du Cange, Glossarium (Henschel / Favre éd., 1883–1887), t. 6, p. 113: "Pallium qudrangulum ... regum nostrorum primae, secundae et tertiae stirpis proprium fuit" - celui de Charlemagne étant décrit par Notker de Saint-Gall (cité n. 35). Theodor Klauser , "pallium", lexicon for theology and the church, t. 8, col. 7-9: signe de rang porté par les empereurs, donné aussi, sous une forme moins précieuse, aux hauts dignitaires, avant de devenir en Occident une spécificité du pape et des archevêques. Le don du comte Louis étant donc un précieux souvenir de ses origines royales. ... "[" The epitaph was published by Robert-Henri Bautier and Monique Gilles in "Odorannus de Sens, Opera omnia", Paris 1972, p. 270 (also: MGH, Poetae latini, Volume 5.2, Berlin 1939, p. 329). The passage in the Chronicle of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif de Sens, dite de Clarius (Chronicon Sancti Petri Vivi Senonensis), R.-H. Bautier et M. Gilles éd., Paris 1979, p. 114): "Eodem tempore (vers 1023) Hludovicus, comes Alemannorum, orationis causa profectus est ad S. Michaelis Periculum rediensque usque Senonas, infirmitate carnis preventus, in monasterio S. Petri monachus effectus, migravit in astra locandus, relinquens ibi possessiones in villa qui dicitur Ariscurt et palleum unum quod usque hodie vocatur palleum Hludovici ". The editors refrain from identifying the person and translate "Louis, comte des Alamans". Even if "Ariscurt" cannot be determined, it was certainly neither in Germania nor in Alemannia, but probably in Lorraine, where places that end in "curtis / court" are common. "Regali de stirpe natus" in connection with the name Ludwig indicates the Carolingian origin of the deceased. Since the chronicle, which, after the masterful introduction of the editors, was a collective work of the monks of Saint-Pierre-le-Vif, begun around 1108 (p. LII), it is not surprising that a man exercised the functions of count in the Empire , is called "comes Alemannorum" because Alemannia was the name for the areas of the empire north of the Alps in the 12th century. The "palleum" by Sens, which is linked to the memory of Ludwig, gives another clue (see Du Cange, Glossarium (Henschel / Favre éd., 1883-1887), Volume 6, p. 113): "Pallium qudrangulum ... regum nostrorum primae, secundae et tertiae stirpis proprium fuit "- Charlemagne described by Notker von St. Gallen (footnote 35). Theodor Klauser, "pallium" in Lexikon für Theologie und Kirche, Volume 8, Column 7-9: a symbol of rank worn by the emperor, given in a less valuable form to high dignitaries before it became a specificity for the Pope and the archbishops in the West. The gift from Count Ludwig is a valuable reminder of his royal origins ... "]