Luis de Guardafía

Guardafía (* 1378 in Lanzarote ; † unknown) was the last ruler of the Majos , the indigenous people of Lanzarote. He is also called Guanarfía, Guadarfra, Guardafrá and Guarfía in the historical documents. As the grave inscription of a granddaughter reveals, Guadafrá seems to be the most appropriate form of the name. After his baptism he took the name Luis as his first name and Guadafrá as his family name.

origin

In November 1377, the Basque nobleman Martín Ruiz de Avendaño landed on Lanzarote. He traded with the British Isles. His ship had been driven far south in a storm. He was warmly received by the then ruler of the island of Zonzamas. In the normal course on the island of guest prostitution Martín Ruiz de Avendaño spent a night with the queen Fayna. In 1378 the "Princess" Ico was born. Historical research today assumes that Guadafrá was the twin brother of Ico and the biological father of both not King Zonzamas. The fact that Guadafrá was Ico's son speaks against the fact that Guadafrá was ruler of the Majos in 1402, 24 years after the presence of Martín Ruiz de Avendaño.

Submission of the island of Lanzarote

"How the King of Lanzarote asked Messrs Béthencourt to be baptized"
Illustration at the beginning of the 46th chapter of Le Canarien

When the French Jean de Béthencourt and Gadifer de La Salle arrived on the island of Lanzarote in 1402, Guadafrá signed agreements with them that allowed the Europeans to build fortifications and trading posts on the island. In return, they were supposed to protect the majos from slave hunters. Submission to the Crown of Castile was not part of the treaties at that time, since Jean de Béthencourt only later took the vassal oath of the King of Castile.

When some of the French troops mutinied during Jean de Béthencourt's absence and left the island with captured majos, Guadafrá felt betrayed and fought the remaining Europeans. Afche, one of his relatives, who raised claims to rule in Lanzarote, agreed with Gadifer de La Salle that if he supported his claims, he would offer him the opportunity to arrest Guadafrá and that he and his followers would be baptized after his installation as ruler would. Guadafrá was captured and imprisoned in the Castillo Rubicón . But he was able to free himself and take control again. Afche was stoned for the rebellion according to the punishment customary at the time for the Majos and his body was then cremated.

The further development is shown differently in the two versions of Le Canarien, which are the only sources of information about the events. Both representations, however, agree that Guadafrás was captured again. Version B reports that he was baptized Luis by the chaplain Jean de Béthencourts, Jean Le Verrier.

Before Jean de Béthencourt left the islands, he redistributed the property rights in Lanzarote. Guadafrás was awarded a large piece of land in the center of the island, which was said to be the best land for agricultural use. The allocation was made on the condition that one fifth of the income was to be paid in taxes.

progeny

Luis de Guadafrá was married to Aniagua, who was baptized in the name of María. They had two children, Teguise (after Luisa Guadarfra was baptized) and Guillen Guadarfra. Teguise married Maciot de Béthencourt, a relative of Jean de Béthencourt who later became governor of the islands. The city of Teguise was named after her. All Canarian, Portuguese and Latin American Bethenencourts and Perdomos are descended from them. The descendants of Guillen Guadarfra married into the Herrera and Saavedra families. He was therefore one of the ancestors of the lords, counts and margraves of Lanzarote.

literature

Alejandro Cioranescu: Le Canaries: crónicas francesas de la conquista de Canarias . Ed .: Elías Serra, Alejandro Cioranescu (= Fontes rerum canarium . Volume VIII ). Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 1959 (Spanish, ulpgc.es [accessed January 23, 2017]).
Eduardo Aznar: Le Canarien: Retrato de dos mundos I. Textos . In: Eduardo Aznar, Dolores Corbella, Berta Pico, Antonio Tejera (eds.): Le Canarien: retrato de dos mundos (= Fontes Rerum Canarium ). tape XLII . Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 2006, ISBN 84-88366-58-2 (Spanish).
Hans-Joachim Ulbrich: The discovery of the Canaries from the 9th to the 14th century: Arabs, Genoese, Portuguese, Spaniards . In: Almogaren . No. 20 , 2006, ISSN 1695-2669 ( unirioja.es [accessed February 25, 2017]).

Individual evidence

↑ Dominik Josef Wölfel: Monumenta linguae canariae . Academic printing and Verl.-Anst., Graz 1965, p. 651 f . ( [1] [accessed January 31, 2017]).
↑ Hans-Joachim Ulbrich: The discovery of the Canaries from the 9th to the 14th century: Arabs, Genoese, Portuguese, Spaniards . In: Almogaren . No. 20 , 2006, ISSN 1695-2669 , pp. 128 ( [2] [accessed February 25, 2017]).
↑ Juan de Abreu Galindo: Historia de la conquista de las siete islas de Gran Canaria . Valentín Sanz, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1632, p. 263 (Spanish, [3] [accessed March 22, 2017] reprinted 1940).
↑ Hans-Joachim Ulbrich: The discovery of the Canaries from the 9th to the 14th century: Arabs, Genoese, Portuguese, Spaniards . In: Almogaren . No. 20 , 2006, ISSN 1695-2669 , pp. 126 ( [4] [accessed February 25, 2017]).
↑ Eduardo Aznar: Le Canarien: Retrato de dos mundos I. Textos . In: Eduardo Aznar, Dolores Corbella, Berta Pico, Antonio Tejera (eds.): Le Canarien: retrato de dos mundos (= Fontes Rerum Canarium ). tape XLII . Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 2006, ISBN 84-88366-58-2 , p. 37 (Spanish).
↑ Eduardo Aznar: Le Canarien: Retrato de dos mundos I. Textos . In: Eduardo Aznar, Dolores Corbella, Berta Pico, Antonio Tejera (eds.): Le Canarien: retrato de dos mundos (= Fontes Rerum Canarium ). tape XLII . Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 2006, ISBN 84-88366-58-2 , p. 201 (Spanish).
↑ Eduardo Aznar: Le Canarien: Retrato de dos mundos I. Textos . In: Eduardo Aznar, Dolores Corbella, Berta Pico, Antonio Tejera (eds.): Le Canarien: retrato de dos mundos (= Fontes Rerum Canarium ). tape XLII . Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 2006, ISBN 84-88366-58-2 , p. 265 (Spanish).
↑ Hans-Joachim Ulbrich: The discovery of the Canaries from the 9th to the 14th century: Arabs, Genoese, Portuguese, Spaniards . In: Almogaren . No. 20 , 2006, ISSN 1695-2669 , pp. 127 ff . ( [5] [accessed February 25, 2017]).

personal data
SURNAME	Guardafía, Luis de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES	Guanarfia; Guadarfra; Guardafrá; Guarfía
BRIEF DESCRIPTION	Ruler of the Canary Island of Lanzarote
DATE OF BIRTH	1378
PLACE OF BIRTH	Lanzarote
DATE OF DEATH	15th century

[1] Dominik Josef Wölfel: Monumenta linguae canariae . Academic printing and Verl.-Anst., Graz 1965, p. 651 f . ( [1] [accessed January 31, 2017]).

[2] Hans-Joachim Ulbrich: The discovery of the Canaries from the 9th to the 14th century: Arabs, Genoese, Portuguese, Spaniards . In: Almogaren . No. 20 , 2006, ISSN 1695-2669 , pp. 128 ( [2] [accessed February 25, 2017]).

[3] Juan de Abreu Galindo: Historia de la conquista de las siete islas de Gran Canaria . Valentín Sanz, Santa Cruz de Tenerife 1632, p. 263 (Spanish, [3] [accessed March 22, 2017] reprinted 1940).

[4] Hans-Joachim Ulbrich: The discovery of the Canaries from the 9th to the 14th century: Arabs, Genoese, Portuguese, Spaniards . In: Almogaren . No. 20 , 2006, ISSN 1695-2669 , pp. 126 ( [4] [accessed February 25, 2017]).

[5] Eduardo Aznar: Le Canarien: Retrato de dos mundos I. Textos . In: Eduardo Aznar, Dolores Corbella, Berta Pico, Antonio Tejera (eds.): Le Canarien: retrato de dos mundos (= Fontes Rerum Canarium ). tape XLII . Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 2006, ISBN 84-88366-58-2 , p. 37 (Spanish).

[6] Eduardo Aznar: Le Canarien: Retrato de dos mundos I. Textos . In: Eduardo Aznar, Dolores Corbella, Berta Pico, Antonio Tejera (eds.): Le Canarien: retrato de dos mundos (= Fontes Rerum Canarium ). tape XLII . Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 2006, ISBN 84-88366-58-2 , p. 201 (Spanish).

[7] Eduardo Aznar: Le Canarien: Retrato de dos mundos I. Textos . In: Eduardo Aznar, Dolores Corbella, Berta Pico, Antonio Tejera (eds.): Le Canarien: retrato de dos mundos (= Fontes Rerum Canarium ). tape XLII . Instituto de Estudios Canarios, La Laguna 2006, ISBN 84-88366-58-2 , p. 265 (Spanish).

[8] Hans-Joachim Ulbrich: The discovery of the Canaries from the 9th to the 14th century: Arabs, Genoese, Portuguese, Spaniards . In: Almogaren . No. 20 , 2006, ISSN 1695-2669 , pp. 127 ff . ( [5] [accessed February 25, 2017]).