Garbage disposal
Rubbish chutes , garbage disposal systems , garbage disposal chutes or garbage chutes are the names of central waste disposal systems that were often installed in larger new residential buildings in the second half of the 20th century . The way it works is based on shafts with pouring openings in each apartment or the staircase leading to central storage spaces or large containers, which are usually located in the basement of the building. Some systems also shred, press or burn the waste at the same time in order to reduce its volume.
history
The garbage chute is an invention of the Swedish architect Sven Wallander (1890–1968). The first was installed at Valhallavägen in Stockholm in 1923. Since the 1930s it has been standard equipment in all residential buildings of the HSB cooperation.
Since the beginning of the 1970s, there were also garbage extraction systems in some new development areas , which sucked in the garbage centrally for entire residential areas. The waste was also thrown in via garbage chutes.
In Austria, garbage chutes were installed in high-rise buildings (usually only from 5-story) in the 1960s and 1970s. Typically, the openings in a wall in the stairwell ( if possible a little away from apartment doors) are closed with a laterally hinged lacquered sheet metal door. A handle makes it easier to open, and the door is often locked. The Türschlucker system includes a garbage bin for each living area, made of galvanized sheet iron, L × W × H 20 × 20 × 25 cm in size and with a wire handle that swings away. There is usually a lock behind this small door. In one type, this is not coupled to the door and tilts inwards on its own: it has to be opened by pulling a handle, the waste container adjusted, the lock and container tilted in, turned back and the emptied container removed again. The sluice falls in, the door has to be locked. Another type, recognizable by a roughly circular cast aluminum rotary handle with a diameter of about 12-14 cm, closes the door with a bolt, but also operates the lateral tilting of the lock chamber by turning about 180 ° via a claw coupling. Of course, you can also put garbage in a small sack and tip it over to free fall. Numerous systems have already been shut down, permanently closed or dismantled.
In the GDR z. B. the prefabricated buildings of type P2 equipped with garbage disposal. Here there was a room next to the elevator door (i.e. every 3 floors) with a slot.
Current situation
In the age of recycling , the disposal of household waste via garbage disposal is no longer considered appropriate. On the one hand, separate garbage chutes should actually be available to separate garbage; on the other hand, garbage remaining in the shaft causes odor nuisance and hygienic problems. Furthermore, unsorted garbage in the bins poses a considerable fire hazard ( chimney effect ). For these reasons and because of the operating costs , the garbage chutes are removed in many buildings during the renovation.
In the building codes of many countries, the new construction and further use of garbage chutes is therefore prohibited. B. for North Rhine-Westphalia in Section 44 (2) LBauO:
Existing waste chutes must not be operated. The operation of waste chutes that are in operation at the time this regulation comes into force can be revocably approved provided that the operator constantly monitors and documents the safe and trouble-free operation and effective waste separation. These records are to be presented to the building supervisory authorities on request.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Sopnedkast - the nyaste moderna bekvämligheten , Teknisk Tidskrift , November 7th 1931st
- ^ Ministry of the Interior of the State of North Rhine-Westphalia, Division 14: Laws and ordinances | State law NRW. Retrieved April 13, 2020 .