Milan cadastre
The Milan cadastre from 1760 was the first real estate tax cadastre in Europe based on a scientific basis and complete cadastral surveying . It was built from 1718 in the then Habsburg duchy of Milan in northern Italy .
history
After the War of the Spanish Succession in 1714, the Duchy of Milan passed to the Austrian Habsburgs. The previously ruling Spanish Habsburgs had left excessive noble privileges and other social injustices, especially in terms of taxation. To remedy these grievances, Emperor Charles VI ordered. in 1718 proposed the establishment of a commission to create the conditions for fairer property taxation. The commission followed the recommendations of the imperial court mathematician Johann Jakob Marinoni , who initially suggested an exact measurement using uniform methods and measurements. Instead of the angled drum ( Squadro ), the measuring table should be used, as a uniform measure of length with decimal subdivisions of the Milanese Trabucco (2.611 meters). A scale of 1: 2000 was provided for the plan representation.
Between 1720 and 1723, 2,387 municipalities with a total area of 19,220 km² were measured in this way, property numbers were then assigned and the respective tax income was estimated. This work was interrupted first by the Polish and then the Austrian War of Succession . The nobility also hindered the work massively. From 1749 to 1759, the Florentine lawyer Pompeo Neri commissioned by Empress Maria Theresa to complete the cadastre. This first uniform system of basic taxation came into force on January 1, 1760.
designation
In Italy , the Milan cadastre is also known as Catasto Teresiano , in contrast to other "cadastre" that were introduced in Milan in 1248 and 1543. In German-speaking countries, “ Theresianischer Kataster ” refers to those land registers or tax estimates that Empress Maria Theresa later enforced in other parts of the Habsburg Empire based on the model of the Milan cadastre.
See also
Web links
- Federal Office for Metrology and Surveying on the Milan Cadastre (page 14ff) (German) (PDF file; 351 kB)
- Brief description of the cadastre (it.)
- About the land registers of 1543 and 1720 (it.)
- Michael Hiermanseder / Heinz König, Johann Jakob von Marinoni - ennobled and reprimanded, creator of the Milan cadastre, cartographer, scientist, VGI 2017, pp. 60 ff [1]
- Michael Hiermanseder, the court mathematician Johann Jakob von Marinoni, On the 300th anniversary of land registry surveying in Europe, Geomatik Schweiz 2018, p 94 ff [2]
- Michael Hiermanseder / Heinz König, Johann Jakob von Marinoni and the Milan cadastre from 1718, communications DVW-Bayern 2018, p. 143 ff [3]