Martin of Golin

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Martin von Golin is a latrunculus (German privateer) from the Kulmer Land , mentioned in several places by Peter von Dusburg in his “Chronicon terre Prussie” , who, according to Peter, was on the side of the Teutonic Knights against the pagan Prussians in the second half of the 13th century and Lithuanians fought.

Martin von Golin with Peter von Dusburg

Peter von Dusburg mentions Martin for the first time in connection with a battle near a swamp called Rensen between Knights of the Teutonic Order and Prussians who had fallen from the faith under Duke Swantopolk . Following the battle, which took place in either June or September 1243, Peter reports the following:

“[Among the Prussian prisoners] were Martin von Golin and his pregnant sister; when she could not follow the hurried march of the army because of the weight of her womb, the Prussian who carried her as a prisoner opened her body with the sword; the child fell alive on the sand, but she herself died. This heinous act inspired such horror and hatred for the unbelievers Martin that after his liberation he often caused them a great plague [...]. "

In six other, incoherent passages, Peter reports on how Martin fought against Prussians and Lithuanians on various occasions, together with knights or on behalf of the order. The last time Martin was mentioned, a small group of him ambushed a merchant ship in Lithuania, killed the crew and sold the goods. The men split the profit among themselves.

Martin von Golin and the legend of the four brothers column

The four brothers column

Martin von Golin is also associated with the four brothers column that stood in the Kaporner Heide near Königsberg . According to a legend, the column is said to have been erected to commemorate four slain friars. The four brothers were equated with four of Martin's companions killed in a raid. Peter von Dusburg reports nothing about the erection of a memorial column in this context. In the rendering of the legend, Martin is often referred to as a friar. According to Peter, Martin is not a friar, he explicitly calls him a latrunculus cristianus (German: a Christian privateer, with Nikolaus von Jeroschin mhd. Cristnin strûtérin ), but never a brother. Overall, a connection between Martin and the column cannot be proven beyond doubt, the designation of Martin as a friar could be ascribed to an oral tradition of the legend in this context, which over time diverged from Peter's information.

swell

  • Nikolaus von Jeroschin : Di Kronike von Pruzinlant. Edited by E. Strehlke, in: Scriptores rerum Prussicarum , Volume 1, Leipzig 1861, pp. 291–648. ( Online , accessed January 16, 2013.)
  • Petrus de Dusburg: Chronicon terrae Prussiae. Edited by Max Toeppen , in: Scriptores rerum Prussicarum , Volume 1, Leipzig 1861, pp. 3–219. ( Online , accessed January 16, 2013.)
  • Peter von Dusburg: Chronicle of the Prussian Country, translated and explained by Klaus Scholz and Dieter Wojtecki (= selected sources on the German history of the Middle Ages, vol. 25), Darmstadt 1984.

literature

  • Rauschnick, Gottfried Peter: Historical picture hall. 2 volumes, Meißen 1830, pp. 97-103. ( Online , accessed on January 16, 2013.) Rauschnick's treatment of Martin von Golin is not scientific, but the retelling of the passages in Peters Chronicon, charged with national Prussian pathos.
  • Urban, William: Martin of Golin, in: Lituanus, 22nd year (1976), No. 4 (winter). from: http://www.lituanus.org/ , accessed January 16, 2013.
  • Voigt, Johannes: History of Prussia from the earliest times to the fall of the rule of the Teutonic Order, Königsberg 1827–39, 9 volumes. Interesting especially in Vol. 4, Supplement No. 1 "Die Vierbrüdersäule", pp. 589-593. ( Online , accessed January 16, 2013.)

Web links

Link to a report on the Four Brothers Column on www.ostpreussen.net (accessed on January 16, 2013), which is a prime example of the incorrect designation of Martin as a knight in connection with the column, with the incorrect reference to Peter von Dusburg.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Peter von Dusburg: Chronik des Preußenlandes, translated and explained by Klaus Scholz and Dieter Wojtecki (= selected sources on the German history of the Middle Ages, vol. 25), Darmstadt 1984, p. 149, note 33.
  2. ↑ Dus: Chron., III, 40., quoted in. after: Peter von Dusburg: Chronik des Preußenlandes, translated and explained by Klaus Scholz and Dieter Wojtecki (= selected sources on the German history of the Middle Ages, vol. 25), Darmstadt 1984, p. 151.
  3. ↑ Dus: Chron., III, 156, 157, 198, 199, 228, 229.
  4. ↑ Dus: Chron., III, 229.
  5. ↑ See Johannes Voigt: History of Prussia from the oldest times to the fall of the rule of the Teutonic Order, Königsberg 1827–39, vol. 4, p. 592.
  6. ^ Dus: Chron., III, 198.
  7. ^ Dus: Chron., III, 198.
  8. ↑ Nikolaus von Jeroschin: Di Kronike von Pruzinlant. Edited by E. Strehlke, in: Scriptores rerum Prussicarum . Volume 1, Leipzig 1861, p. 498.
personal data
SURNAME Martin of Golin
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Buccaneers
DATE OF BIRTH 13th Century
DATE OF DEATH 13th Century