Maxillary Retrognathia

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Classification according to ICD-10
K07.1 Anomalies in the relationship between the base of the jaw and the base of the skull
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

A maxillary retrognathia (of lat. Maxilla " maxilla " and Greek. Γνάθος " pine "), even false Progenie or Opisthognathie (from the Greek. Ὄπισθεν "back" and γνάθος "pine"), in the English literature maxillary retrognathism or maxillary retrognathia called , is a hypoplasia of the upper jaw. The shortened upper jaw is surmounted by the normally developed lower jaw .

etiology

Maxillary retrognathia are often hereditary. Maxillary retrognathia is one of the second most common dysgnathias . The growth inhibition of the upper jaw can also be triggered by surgery, for example by interventions in cleft lip and palate in childhood. The extraction or loss of multiple teeth in the upper jaw can also lead to maxillary retrognathy in childhood.

While most patients with maxillary retrognathy are otherwise completely healthy, some hereditary diseases are associated with the symptom of maxillary hypoplasia. This includes, for example, Crouzon syndrome .

Symptoms

The chin is - compared to the upper jaw - far forward, which results in a concave facial profile. The nose and nasolabial folds have a dominant effect. Breathing through the nose can be restricted by the misaligned jaw.

The maxillary retrognathy must be distinguished from the mandibular prognathy , in which an elongated lower jaw protrudes over the upper jaw. The upper jaw is normal.

therapy

If the malalignment of the upper jaw is not treated in good time, the probability of damage to the teeth and the tooth support system increases . Both can lead to premature tooth loss.

The forward displacement of the upper jaw is usually pine surgically by a Le Fort I osteotomy , a special method of osteotomy , treated .

literature

Reference books

  • W. Stelzenmüller and J. Wiesner: Therapy of temporomandibular joint pain. Georg Thieme Verlag, 2004, pp. 104-105. ISBN 3-13-131381-1
  • S. Schamsawary: Dysgnathias . Urban & Fischer publishing house, 2007, ISBN 3-437-05620-4
  • HH Horch and J. Bier: Oral and maxillofacial surgery. Urban & Fischer publishing house, 2007, ISBN 3-437-05417-1
  • A. Kübler and J. Mühling: Guidelines for oral and maxillofacial surgery. Springer, 1997, ISBN 3-540-63566-1

Technical article

  • R. Hotz and U. Dietrich: The morphology of the mandibular prognathy and the maxillary retrognathy in the distant X-ray image. In: Advances in Orthodontics 30, 1969, pp. 497-504. doi : 10.1007 / BF02166469
  • JZ Chang: Thin-plate spline analysis of the effects of face mask treatment in children with maxillary retrognathism. In: J Formos Med Assoc 105, 2006, pp. 147-154. PMID 16477335
  • S. Biren and N. Erverdi: Cephalometric evaluation of maxillary retrognathism cases treated with FR-3 appliance. In: J Marmara Univ Dent Fac 4, 1993, pp. 354-360. PMID 9582640
  • J. Barros-Saint-Pasteur: A new technique for the treatment of maxillary retrognathism. In: Panminerva Med 11, 1969, pp. 155-160. PMID 5792006