Megakaryopoiesis

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The Megakaryopoiesis is the development of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. It is part of thrombopoiesis .

Through mitotic and endomitotic divisions from stem cells in the bone marrow, the megakaryoblasts initially differentiate , with a size of approx. 25 μm ⌀. From these, through further division and polyploidization, the promegakaryocytes emerge, which still have an immature basophilic cytoplasm . Subsequently, megakaryocytes develop from this, which gain cytoplasmic volume with increasing maturity.

The mature megakaryocyte pushes plasma processes into the bone marrow sinus, where the plasma breaks down into platelets and is flushed into the blood. A megakaryocyte can produce around 1000-5000 platelets. The formation of platelets is stimulated and regulated by the cytokine thrombopoietin (TPO), similar to erythropoietin (EPO) in erythropoiesis .

The Megakaryozytenleukämie is a rare form of myeloid leukemia , which is accompanied by a change in the size of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow.

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