Megacystis

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Classification according to ICD-10
Q64.7 Megacystis
ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019)

The Megazystis , or Megavesica , from ancient Greek μέγας megas , German 'large' and ancient Greek κύστις kýstis , German 'bladder' , is an excessively large urinary bladder with congenital abnormal enlargement.

She is often in utero detectable (fetal megacystis).

In contrast to the megaureter , it is a functional enlargement.

distribution

The frequency for prenatal diagnostics is given as 1 in 1500 pregnancies or between 1 in 330 and 1 in 1670 in the first trimester of pregnancy . The male sex is affected more often in a ratio of 8 to 1.

In the context of syndromes

Megacystis can occur and be an essential feature of the following syndromes :

root cause

There are a variety of causes, the most common of which are:

Classification

Depending on the presence of an obstruction, a distinction can be made between:

diagnosis

In the first trimester of pregnancy, a longitudinal diameter of the bladder of more than 7 mm, later a sagittal diameter of more than 12+ gestational age (in weeks) mm, is pathological in the sense of a megacystis.

Magnetic resonance imaging examinations can also be helpful.

therapy

Treatment depends on the underlying cause.

Prospect of healing

If there is no chromosome aberration, the enlargement of the bladder from the first trimester of pregnancy usually regresses spontaneously if the bladder diameter was not greater than 15 mm; otherwise there is a high chance that obstructive uropathy will develop.

literature

  • L. Chen, J. Guan, H. Gu, M. Zhang: Outcomes in fetuses diagnosed with megacystis: Systematic review and meta-analysis. In: European journal of obstetrics, gynecology, and reproductive biology. Volume 233, February 2019, pp. 120–126, doi: 10.1016 / j.ejogrb.2018.12.007 , PMID 30594021 .
  • R. Tschannen, R. Gobet, J .: Fetal Megavesika - Is it possible to predict the course and kidney function? In: Ultrasound in Medicine - European Journal of Ultrasound. 39, 2018, p. 407, doi: 10.1055 / s-0043-105263 .
  • M. Schneider, I. Schmeh, A. Fruth, C. Whybra-Trümpler, E. Mildenberger: Monozygous, female premature twins discordant for the rare, severe malformation syndrome of a fetal megacyst with cloacal malformation after artificial insemination - case report and literature review. In: Journal of Obstetrics and Neonatology. Volume 220, Number 5, October 2016, pp. 223-227, doi: 10.1055 / s-0042-110324 , PMID 27764886 (Review)
  • AC Müller Brochut, D. Thomann, W. Kluwe, E. Di Naro, A. Kuhn, L. Raio: Fetal megacystis: experience of a single tertiary center in Switzerland over 20 years. In: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy . Volume 36, number 3, 2014, pp. 215-222, doi: 10.1159 / 000358300 , PMID 24943481 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Willibald Pschyrembel : Clinical Dictionary , 266th, updated edition, de Gruyter, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-11-033997-0, keyword "Megazystis"
  2. ↑ a b A. Sigel: Disease theory of the urinary bladder of childhood. In: A. Sigel, R.-H. Ringert (Ed.): Pediatric urology. 2nd edition, Springer, Berlin 2001, ISBN 3-662-08081-8 (print) / ISBN 978-3-662-08080-1 (e-book), p. 497.
  3. ↑ D. Manski: Urology textbook
  4. ↑ a b c d Taghavi, K .; Sharpe, C .; Stringer, MD (February 2017). "Fetal megacystis: A systematic review". Journal of Pediatric Urology. 13 (1): 7-15. doi: 10.1016 / j.jpurol.2016.09.003. ISSN 1873-4898. PMID 27889224 .
  5. ↑ a b c d Radiopaedia
  6. ↑ Bernfried Leiber (founder): The clinical syndromes. Syndromes, sequences and symptom complexes . Ed .: G. Burg, J. Kunze, D. Pongratz, PG Scheurlen, A. Schinzel, J. Spranger. 7., completely reworked. Edition. tape 2 : symptoms . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich et al. 1990, ISBN 3-541-01727-9 .
  7. ^ MA Calvo-Garcia: Imaging Evaluation of Fetal Megacystis: How Can Magnetic Resonance Imaging Help? In: Seminars in ultrasound, CT, and MR. Volume 36, number 6, December 2015, pp. 537-549, doi: 10.1053 / j.sult.2015.05.017 , PMID 26614135 (review).