Milestone (Luisenplatz, Berlin-Charlottenburg)
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The milestone on Luisenplatz not far from Berlin's Charlottenburg Palace is a decorative example of a spherical milestone pillar based on the Roman model. It consists of a column on a base (both made of sandstone), which is crowned by a gold-plated ball with a point. The column bears a cast iron plaque with the inscription "I [one] mile from Berlin" and thus indicates the distance to Dönhoffplatz , where the reference point for the mileage measurement and the initial milestone was (today a replica ). The milestone is listed as a monument under number 09096438 in the list of monuments in Berlin.
location
The current location is at the intersection of Spandauer Damm and Nithackstraße on the site of the former Marstall building (Spandauer Damm No. 7). The milestone was originally set up on the road across the street on Luisenplatz .
history
The first lineup
It is unclear in which year a milestone was set for the first time at this point. The initial installation is often associated with the construction of the Chaussee between the Brandenburg Gate and Charlottenburg Palace in 1798. Milestone researcher Herbert Liman contradicts this assumption and refers to a survey report on the traffic connection Berlin - Magdeburg from October 1800, which does not mention any milestone at the relevant point. At least the version with the spherical crown that is preserved today shows more stylistically classicism , while the obelisk type , which was the standard form for Prussian milestones until the first third of the 19th century , is still clearly influenced by the Rococo . The list of monuments dates the execution to 1842 and attributes the design to Friedrich August Stüler , who became the architect of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV that year . In the same year, the king introduced a new type of helmet to his Prussian army, which, like the milestone ball, also had a metal tip, the so-called pimple hood .
The dislocations
The milestone from Luisenplatz has been moved several times. A transfer is documented as part of the kilometering of the Chaussee. At the turn of the year 1868/1869 the metric system was introduced in the area of the North German Confederation (see also: North German Order of Measure and Weight ). As a consequence, the Chausseeverwaltung converted milestones into kilometer stones. The sphere milestone from Luisenplatz was dismantled in this context and repositioned as a 10 km stone near the old Ruhleben castle. The miles on the column have also been removed.
Soon afterwards, Kaiser Wilhelm I missed the prominent column and finally ruled in the cabinet order of July 13, 1875: “I have come to know that the so-called milestone on Luisenplatz in front of the Charlottenburg Palace in Charlottenburg must be taken into consideration by the Chausseeverwaltung the other marking of the local distances by kilometer has been removed. That stone has not yet indicated exactly the distance of 1 mile, rather, to my knowledge, a smaller stone was attached nearby for this purpose; on the other hand, various memories are linked to the first stone. I therefore determine that the same stone should be set up again in the same place; The Chausseeverwaltung is left to place a particularly conventional, already smaller stone as a feature at the locations that are decisive for the distance of the route. "
The spherical column then returned to Luisenplatz and on this occasion received the plaque with the inscription "One mile from Berlin". Since then, the milestone has been documented by a number of images, drawings and city maps at the position on the edge of Luisenplatz in the line of sight Nithackstraße - New Castle Wing .
Around 1905 it was relocated again to its current location. The trigger was probably the erection of the monument to Emperor Friedrich III. (War ruins removed in 1950) or a road widening at the same time.
Current state
The current installation location is disadvantageous from a monument preservation perspective. On the one hand, the column is located in the shadow of the stables and the adjacent street trees. Non-drying moisture and a lack of UV light promote algae growth , which is the cause of the blackening of the monument. On the other hand, the shady, poorly visible location does not correspond to the actual idea of the design. Since the Kaiser-Friedrich-Monument, which was one of the reasons for the relocation, no longer exists on Luisenplatz, another relocation as part of a renovation is conceivable.
literature
- Files of the Secret State Archives of Prussian Cultural Heritage (GStAPK): Construction of a road from the Brandenburg Gate to Charlottenburg ; Prussian State, General Directorate; Government of the Kurmark, 1798–1800, and the King's civil cabinet, 1797–1806
- Files of the civil engineering office in Charlottenburg
- Ahlert, Krienitz, Wallner: Berliner Poststrasse 1800–1805
- Protocols of visits to the Poststrasse, collection of files by the Society for German Postal History, Berlin district group
- Rail: From old post roads and milestones , messages from the Postmuseum Berlin 1966
- fhg: A Milestone , Der Charlottenburger, January 20, 1950
- Wilhelm Gundlach: History of the City of Charlottenburg , 1905
- Ledât: Old mile and post columns in the Reichs-Postgebiet in: Archive for Post and Telegraphy , Berlin 1912
- Herbert Liman: The post milestones in Berlin , in: From the Berlin postal history , issue 3/1984
- Herbert Liman: 200 years of Chaussee Berlin-Charlottenburg , in: Deutsches Technik Museum Berlin , FDTM-Info 4/99
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of monuments of Berlin, profile
- ^ A b c Herbert Liman: The milestone in Berlin opposite the Charlottenburg Palace . In: forschungsgruppe-meilensteine.de, accessed on April 6, 2020
- ^ Wilhelm Gundlach: History of the city of Charlottenburg. First volume. Springer, Berlin 1905, p. 669
Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '10 " N , 13 ° 17' 52" E
