Master of the (former) high altar of the Marienkirche in Lübeck

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As a master of (former.) High altar of the Marienkirche in Lübeck is the painter and sculptor, active in the first half of the 15th century referred to the main altar of the Gothic Marienkirche in Lübeck had created. He was given this art- historical emergency name because the artist is no longer known by name and his identity has not been passed down in sources.

The eponymous altar

Work on the Gothic high altar of Lübeck's Marienkirche began in 1414. A previous reredos had been destroyed in a fire in the church in 1407. The new altar was erected in 1425.

52 larger and 39 smaller silver figures on the altar were melted down in 1533 under the mayor of Lübeck, Jürgen Wullenwever, to finance the count's feud .

The altar kept its function until 1696. Due to a donation from the Lübeck merchant and councilor Thomas Fredenhagen , the new baroque high altar designed by the Flemish sculptor Thomas Quellinus took its place. The surviving parts of the old Gothic high altar remained scattered in the church and were reassembled in the sacristy by the Hamburg sculptor JPN Martin to reconstruct the altar in 1852 at the suggestion of Carl Julius Milde .

During the air raid on Palm Sunday 1942 and the fire in St. Mary's Church, the preserved and reconstructed remains of the altar were then irretrievably destroyed. Today, the work of art can only be judged on the basis of the photographic documentation of the reconstruction from 1852 and the publications from the pre-war period, if one disregards some of the components that had previously reached the St. Anne's Monastery in Lübeck .

Stylistic evaluation and origin

For Walter Paatz , the surviving remains of the high altar belonged to the characteristic Mittelgut of Lübeck carving art and the painting illustrated a down-to-earth, boring, secluded tendency among the Lübeck painters of the early 15th century . Carl Georg Heise spoke of the pale generality and carefree naivety of the lecture , but praised the neatly crafted canopy architecture. The place of manufacture is clearly in question: while a Lübeck workshop was previously assumed, today it is assumed to be an import retable that was further refined on site in Lübeck.

identification

Master of the Jacobial tar

Due to the similarity of the younger Neustädter Altar to the former Gothic main altar of the Marienkirche, the master of the Jakobialtars was partly regarded as a student of the master of the (former) high altar of the Marienkirche in Lübeck or as one and the same person.

Master of the Golden Table

Already Struck pointed out the possibility that the reliquary around the Golden Plate for the Lüneburg Michaeliskirche could have been made by the same artist who is described with this reference to the work in art history with the emergency name Master of the Golden Plate . This view is still valid today , at least for the former high altar of the Marienkirche and the Golden Plate from Lüneburg, which is now in the Lower Saxony State Museum .

literature

  • Adolph Goldschmidt : Lübeck painting and sculpture until 1530. Lübeck 1889, p. 5 and plate 3.
  • F. Hirsch, G. Schaumann, F. Bruns: The architectural and art monuments of the Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck. Vol. 2, Neustadt an der Aisch 2001 (unchanged reprint of the Lübeck edition, 1906), p. 196 ff. (With collotype of the reconstructed high altar retable ), ISBN 3-89557-162-8 .
  • Uwe Albrecht (ed.): Corpus of medieval wood sculpture and panel painting in Schleswig-Holstein. Volume I, Hanseatic City of Lübeck, St. Annen Museum, Kiel 2005. # 31 Architectural fragments from the former high altar retable of St. Mary's Church from 1425 . ISBN 3-933598-75-3 , p. 137 ff.
  • Jan Friedrich Richter : The medieval high altar retable of the Lübeck Marienkirche in: Zeitschrift für Lübeckische Geschichte , Volume 94 (2014), pp. 9–38.

supporting documents

  1. ^ Components of the altar on the Schleswig-Holstein museum server
  2. ^ Walter Paatz: The Marienkirche in Lübeck. 2nd edition 1929, pp. 29 and 33.
  3. ↑ CG Heise: Lübeck plastic. Bonn 1926, p. 9 with ills. 25 and 26.
  4. ^ So: Albrecht: Corpus ... p. 142.
  5. ↑ Dexel-Brauckmann in the journal of the Association for Lübeck History and Antiquity (ZVLGA) 19, p. 8 f. and p. 11 f.
  6. ↑ a b R. Struck in ZVLGA 13, p. 112 ff. (P. 118) suspects the Lübeck painter Jakob Hoppener , who is recorded for 1407-1453 in Lübeck.
  7. ↑ Albrecht: Corpus ... p. 142 with reference to the features of the production of the reredos and the similar decorations.
personal data
SURNAME Master of the (former) high altar of the Marienkirche in Lübeck
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter and carver
DATE OF BIRTH 14th Century
DATE OF DEATH 15th century