Membracoidea

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Membracoidea
Agrosoma nabima .mw-parser-output .Person {font-variant: small-caps} Young, 1977 (Cicadellidae)

Agrosoma nabima Young , 1977 ( Cicadellidae )

Systematics
Class : Insects (Insecta)
Subclass : Flying insects (Pterygota)
Order : Schnabelkerfe (Hemiptera)
Cicadas (Auchenorrhyncha)
Subordination : Risso cicadas (Cicadomorpha)
Superfamily : Membracoidea
Scientific name
Membracoidea
Rafinesque , 1815

Membracoidea is a superfamily of the round-headed leafhoppers (= Cicadomorpha), it contains over 28,000 species in five families with a total of 3,500 genera. These cicadas are widespread worldwide, the individual species can be around 2 to 30 mm long. Hind tibes are long and angular, they usually have longitudinal rows with bristles, thorns or hairs.

Many species can jump well. Within the species there is mostly communication with the help of substrate vibration.

Systematics:

  • Cicadellidae (= Jassidae, dwarf cicadas), the most species-rich family of the Membracoidea, 20-25,000 species, distributed worldwide, particularly rich in species and shapes in the tropics and subtropics; partly very colorful.
  • Membracidae (humpback hoppers, humpback chirps), over 3,200 species, with a strongly developed pronotum , mostly high arched, sometimes bizarre shaped; Mainly distributed in tropical and subtropical areas of the Neotropic, but also common in Asia and Africa.
  • Aetalionidae (sometimes called "false humpback hoppers"), pronotum smaller than in the Membracidae, scutellum with keel, only about 40 species, six genera, both in the New World and in the Oriental. Probably the sister group of the Membracidae.
  • Melizoderidae (= helmet cicadas), pronotum extended forward like a helmet, only 8 species in Chile and Argentina. Probably the sister group of the Aetalionidae + Membracidae.
  • Myerslopiidae (= moss cicadas), only about 15 species in New Zealand and Chile, small, only 2–4 mm, live in moss.
  • Karajassidae , known only from fossils, probably the sister group of the other Membracoidea.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Hans Strümpel: The cicadas . In: The New Brehm Library . tape 668 , 2010, ISBN 978-3-89432-893-1 , pp. 1-267 .
  2. ↑ a b G. Kunz: Cicadas - the insects of the 21st century? (Hemiptera, Auchenorrhyncha) . In: Entomologica Austriaca . tape 18 , 2011, p. 105–123 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).
  3. ↑ a b c C. D. Dietrich: Evolution of Cicadomorpha (Insecta, Hemipera) . In: Denisia . tape 4 , 2004, p. 155–169 ( PDF on ZOBODAT ).