Michael of Viszánik
Michael von Viszánik (born October 10, 1792 in Sathmar ; died November 3, 1872 in Vienna ) was an Austrian physician who worked as a primary physician at the kk lunatic asylum in Vienna and played a major role in the reform of Austrian psychiatry.
Life
Michael von Viszarek studied medicine in Pest and Vienna, where he received his doctorate in 1822. med. PhD. After completing his doctorate, he worked as a secondary doctor in the general hospital and in the insane asylum in the fool's tower. After working as a district doctor, where he distinguished himself during the floods in Vienna (1830) and Budapest (1838), he was appointed primary doctor in the insane asylum in 1838. In 1845 he qualified as a professor in psychiatry. He was rightly considered a philanthropist. In 1839 he made sure that the chains with which "the raging madmen" were fixed in the Viennese Narrenturm for their own protection and that of their fellow patients were finally banned from treatment. It was three thousand kilograms of iron that were removed. To prepare for the paning of the new kk sanatorium and nursing home on Bründlfeld, he visited the corresponding institutions in Germany, France and Switzerland.
On the title page of the book Die Irrenheil- und Pflegeanstalten Deutschlands, Frances, and the Cretinen Anstalt on the Abendberge in Switzerland , published by him in Vienna in 1845 , his following activities and titles are mentioned (slightly modified and in modernized spelling): Doctor of Medicine, Master of Obstetrics, real member of the medical faculty and the medical association in Vienna and Pest, emeritus dean of the medical faculty and procurator of the Hungarian academic nation, professor of the Pazmanisches Collegium, court panel assessor of the Comitate Szabóles, Csanád, Ungvár, Szathmár and Borsod im Kingdom of Hungary, primary doctor of the kk insane asylum in Vienna.
Fonts
- Michael Viszánik: The mental hospitals and nursing homes of Germany, France, together with the Cretinen Anstalt on the Abendberg in Switzerland: with their own comments. Vienna 1845 ( digitized version )
- Viszanik, Michael / August Fr. Zöhrer: The anomalies of protective pox in relation to the maintenance and reproduction of a pure, protective vaccine. With an introductory overview of the services of the kk protective pox main institute in Vienna. Carl Gerold, Vienna, 1840
- Services and statistics of the kk insane asylum in Vienna since its foundation from 1784 to 1844 . Vienna: Mörschner, 1845
literature
- Obersteiner (Vienna): "Michael von Viszánik 1792–1872", in: Theodor Kirchhoff : Deutsche Irrenärzte. Individual images of their life and work. 1921 ( partial online view ) - link.springer.com (summary)
- Sieglind Ellger-Rüttgardt: History of Special Education: An Introduction. 2007 ( partial online view )
Web links
- "Now the purpose of an asylum is healing ..." (Maria Heidegger / Oliver Seifert)
- Chronicle of the Vienna hospitals
Individual evidence
- ↑ Wolfgang Regal, Michael Nanut: Straitjacket and padded cell (Narrenturm 81). Doctors Week 1/2007. (No longer available online.) In: springermedizin.at. Archived from the original on April 17, 2017 ; accessed on April 21, 2017 .
- ↑ digitized version
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Viszánik, Michael von |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian medic |
| DATE OF BIRTH | October 10, 1792 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sathmar |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 3, 1872 |
| Place of death | Vienna |