Michaelskapelle (Riegel am Kaiserstuhl)
The Michael's Chapel is a church building in the municipality of Riegel in Emmendingen and the Archangel Michael ordained . The building is located on the Michaelsberg at 243 m above sea level. d. M. The Michaelsberg is part of the foothills of the Kaiserstuhl and consists of loess piled over the rock.
history
In a document from Einsiedeln Abbey , the chapel is mentioned as one of four churches in Riegel. In 969, Emperor Otto I donated the property to the Einsiedeln monastery. The re-inauguration on November 18, 969 is documented.
The chapel was part of the castle on the mountain , first mentioned in 1160 , which was divided into a forecourt, rear and middle castle. In 1353 only upper and lower castles were mentioned. From 1379, after the Lords of Üsenberg died out, the castle fell into disrepair. Today only the chapel is left. The roof beams can be dated to the years 1283 to 1293 based on the annual rings . In 1465 the chapel was renovated in the late Gothic style, including the choir and the painting ( Marie Coronation ) above the entrance to the sacristy. Apparently the tower, the roof and the nave were destroyed during the Thirty Years' War , as can be deduced from a church bill from 1650. In 1712 the sacristy was added, as indicated by the year on the door arch. Above was the brother's apartment for the respective Michael Hermit. The first hermit moved in in 1714.
In 1749 the chapel received a new baroque high altar. In the second half of the 17th century, the west wall was moved into the church space, which is visible in the asymmetrical shape of the nave. In 1843 Amand Henssler had a room set up in the tower of the chapel as a camera obscura. For a fee, visitors could see the surroundings through different colored panes of glass. Shortly afterwards, in 1859, the unusable baroque high altar was replaced by a neo-Gothic one by Wilhelm Walliser , who also created three figures for the chapel. In 1929 the chapel was renovated inside and out. A sacristan family lived next to the chapel until 1930. The annexes, the sacristan's apartment and the camera obscura were demolished due to dilapidation. And in 1984 an exterior renovation was carried out by citizens of Riegel. In 2008 the chapel was completely renovated inside. Fields of view of the wall paintings from different periods were exposed.
archeology
Since no excavations have taken place to date, no Celtic or Roman settlements have been found. Comparisons with similar church buildings suggest that there may have been a temple dedicated to Mercury (god of merchants and thieves), who was replaced by the Archangel Michael during Christianization.
literature
- Mechthild Michels: 7000 years of Riegel at the Kaiserstuhl . Ed .: Municipality of Riegel . 1993, DNB 978545923 .
- Church leader, Catholic parish of St.Martin, Riegel am Kaiserstuhl
- Heiko Wagner, Stefan King, Bertram Jenisch: A landmark of the Breisgau in a new light - considerations on the architectural history of the Michael's Chapel in Riegel based on archaeological and architectural studies . In: Journal of the Breisgau history association “Schau-ins-Land”, 129th annual issue, 2010, pp. 27–54.
- Heiko Wagner, Stefan King, Bertram Jenisch: A landmark on the edge of the Kaiserstuhl. Archaeological and architectural studies at the Michael's Chapel near Riegel . In: Denkmalpflege in Baden-Württemberg 41 (2012), pp. 95–100. Online (PDF; 6.0 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Klant: Forgotten sculptors. In: Sculpture in Freiburg. 19th century art in public space , Freiburg 2000, pp. 164–172 ISBN 3-922675-77-8 , p. 168
Web links
Coordinates: 48 ° 8 ′ 50.3 " N , 7 ° 45 ′ 7.7" E