Mikhail Makarowitsch Bondaryuk
Mikhail Makarovich Bondarjuk ( Russian Михаил Макарович Бондарюк * November 15 jul. / 28. November 1908 greg. In Moscow ; † 14. October 1969 ) was a Soviet and Russian scientists , aircraft engine and rocket engine designer , professor and Doctor of Technical Sciences . He was a pioneer in ramjet engine construction .
Life
In 1930 Mikhail Bondaryuk graduated from the Moscow State Aviation Institute and worked in the Civil Air Fleet Research Institute (NII GWF). His brother, the brigade commander Georgi Bondjaruk (1902-1938) was shot during the Stalin Purge in 1938. Another brother, Pyotr, was killed during World War II .
On April 21, 1941, the Experimental Office 3 (EKB-3) for subsonic ramjets was established in the NII GWF, which was led by Michail Bondaryuk. The office belonged to the NII until October 1, 1950; on October 1st it was converted into the Independent Office OKB-670. Bondarjuk remained the main designer of the office until the end of his life. In 1942, Bondaryuk developed the first Soviet ramjet engine and tested it with a LaGG-3 in August 1942 . In 1944 a new, more effective model was developed and tested with a La-5 . Further experimental subsonic ramjet engines were built, including the RD-1A for the Schtorm cruise missile and the RD-900 for the La-17 targeting missile . The RD-900 was the last subsonic ramjet engine of the KB-670.
As early as the end of the 1940s, the first supersonic ramjet, the RD-550 , which was designed for speeds of Mach 1.15 to Mach 1.6, was developed under Bondarjuk's direction . This resulted in the RD-025 , which was tested in 1952 with the two-stage rocket "025" and switched on after the first stage was ignited. It accelerated the rocket to Mach 3.4 at a height of 15 km. Because of this, the RD-07K engine ( GRAU index 3Z4 ) was later developed for the 2K11 Krug air defense system, which was suitable for speeds from Mach 1.8 to Mach 4.0. 1952–1954 a new ramjet engine was developed for the experimental cruise missile -1 ( EKR-1 ), which had been designed by Sergei Koroljow .
A new challenge for the OKB-670 was a government contract for the development of powerful engines for intercontinental supersonic missiles - the RD-012U for Lawotschkins W-350 Burja and the RD-018A for Mjassischtschews Buran . To this end, extensive fundamental theoretical research was carried out first. The RD-012U with a combustion chamber diameter of 1.7 m and a thrust of up to 12.8 kN was tested with the Burja. It accelerated the W-350 to a cruising speed of Mach 2.9 to 3.3 at an altitude of 16 to 25.5 km, was extremely economical and worked continuously for more than six hours during the static test. Not a single ramjet engine at that time had such high characteristics. The RD-018A was also successfully statically tested, but the Buran itself was not built.
This was followed by the unrealized projects of ramjet engines for the long-range air defense missiles Lavochkin Dal and Mikoyan RM-500 as well as the realized project of the experimental missile W-758 of the air defense system S-75 , which was tested at a speed of Mach 4.0 to 4.8 . In 1968 the development of the 3D80 engine for the 3M80 Moskit began . After Bondarjuk's death, the OKB developed ramjet engines for the Ch-31 , the Jachont and others.
Under the direction of Mikhail Bondarjuk, hypersonic ramjet engines and core engines were also developed, including a cosmic electric core engine "Buk" for the satellites of the sea reconnaissance system, which was put into service in 1970.
Mikhail Bondaryuk wrote a number of scientific papers and several textbooks on the subject of ramjet engine construction. He was married and had three children. His youngest daughter, Marina, a writer, has left her fragmentary memories of him. Mikhail Bondaryuk lived in Moscow in a residential building on Kotelnicheskaya Embankment , died in 1969 and was buried in the Novodevichy Cemetery .
Mikhail Bondaryuk was awarded the Order of the Red Banner , twice the Order of the Red Star , the Order of the Red Banner of Labor and medals.
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| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Bondaryuk, Mikhail Makarowitsch |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Бондарюк, Михаил Макарович |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Soviet aircraft engine and rocket engine designer |
| DATE OF BIRTH | November 28, 1908 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Moscow |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 14, 1969 |
| Place of death | Moscow |