Mine Resistant Ambush Protected Vehicle
As MRAP Vehicle ( M ine R esistant A mbush P rotected-Vehicle ; German : "mines resisting and rear stop -protected vehicle") describes a family of programs protected American military vehicles, which on operating the States United Marine Corps have been developed.
MRAPVs belong to the group of protected vehicles . They are primarily used to safely transport people and materials and protect inmates from the effects of mines , booby traps and direct fire with handguns. Some were also equipped as weapon carriers.
The MRAP vehicles are intended to replace the outdated and largely unprotected or weakly armored HMMWVs in the US armed forces in certain areas . Some were also used to clear mines and booby traps and as armed combat vehicles, for example to escort convoys.
In total, the US armed forces acquired around 29,000 MRAP vehicles for $ 50 billion for the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. After the withdrawal from Iraq and the extensive withdrawal from Afghanistan, the US Army decided to keep 8,585 of these vehicles from two manufacturers, Oshkosh and Navistar . 5,651 (including 250 for SOCOM ) of these are Oshkosh M-ATVs , which means that the Army keeps 80 percent of the total delivered vehicles of this type, the remainder MaxxPro from Navistar. In addition, the RG-33L 6x6 from BAE Systems and the RG-31 Mk5E 4x4 MRAP from General Dynamics Land Systems Canada (GDLS-C) / BAE Systems will be converted to the medium mine protection level and continue to be used as Medium Mine Protected Vehicles (MMPV). The United States Marine Corps will keep 2,510 MRAP vehicles, namely the two models Oshkosh M-ATV and Cougar from GDLS-FP and a smaller number of Buffalos .
description
In particular, the missions in Afghanistan and Iraq, where the US Army was increasingly confronted with asymmetrical warfare, especially booby traps , showed that the Humvees , which were a main means of transport for infantry, are particularly vulnerable to explosions and shelling due to their design . Therefore, the Humvees should be gradually exchanged for MRAPs.
The MRAP program is divided into three different vehicle categories, whereby the classification of the potential vehicles is based on the required task profile.
The Category I includes mine-protected support vehicles (Mine Resistant Utility Vehicle - MRUV) to ensure a high mobility in local and Häuserkampf in the first place.
The Category II (Joint EOD Rapid Response Vehicle - JERRV) includes functional vehicles for convoy protection, medical transport vehicle, EOD and troop group or pioneering support.
The Category III includes vehicles for clearing IEDs are used and mines.
All MRAP vehicles offer protection against handguns and artillery fragments as well as mine explosions with up to 15 kg of explosives.
MRAP vehicles have an average purchase price of $ 1,000,000. They are now also used outside the military in the USA, for example in police units.
On January 19, 2008, an IED attack on a US Forces MRAP vehicle in Baghdad resulted in the first crew death since these types of vehicles were introduced.
MRAP categories
Category I; 4 × 4 MRUV
company
- BAE Systems : RG-33
- Force Protection Industries: Cougar H (700 vehicles already ordered)
- General Dynamics Land Systems of Canada: RG-31
- General Purpose Vehicles LLC: Sergeant
- International Military and Government LLC: International MaxxPro MPV (1,944 vehicles already ordered)
- Oshkosh Truck Corporation : Bushmaster 4x4
- Oshkosh JLTV
- Protected Vehicles, Inc./Oshkosh Truck Corporation: Alpha
Category II; 6 × 6 JERRV
company
- BAE Systems: RG33L 6 × 6
- Force Protection Industries: Cougar HE 6 × 6 (700 vehicles already ordered)
- General Purpose Vehicles LLC: Commander
- International Military and Government LLC: International MaxxPro XL (16 vehicles already ordered)
- Protected Vehicles, Inc .: Golan Armored Vehicle
Category III
Company:
- OMC Land Systems : Casspir
- Force Protection Industries: Buffalo Mine Protected Vehicle "The Claw"
literature
- Wagner, Hans-Joachim; Heiming, Gerhard: Mine Resistant Ambush Protected . MRAP - the vehicle class out of desperation, in: Strategy and Technology, August 2007, pp. 12–16.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Shaun Connors: Life after Afghanistan, Jane's International Defense Review, 2015 , accessed September 5, 2015; PDF file
- ↑ Tom Vanden Brook: Article: Hulking, tough MRAP displaces Humvee, in: USA Today, March 22, 2010 (accessed June 15, 2011)
- ↑ Alex Rogers: The MRAP: Brilliant Buy, or Billions Wasted? . On October 2, 2012 on nation.time.com
- ↑ heise online: Police violence in New Mexico "frightening and worrying"
- ↑ Militarization of the US police: Your friend and tank driver , Spiegel Online from June 22, 2014
- ↑ Soldier becomes 1st to die in MRAP attack ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Army Times January 22, 2008.
