Mirror Syndrome

The mirror syndrome (syn. Triple edema , Ballantyne syndrome ) refers to a rare in pregnancy occurring disease which by the simultaneous presence of maternal edema and a fetal hydrops is characterized.

The name Mirror Syndrome refers to the similarity between the maternal edema and the fetal hydrops. The first description was in 1892 by John William Ballantyne .

frequency

The disease is very rare, although it must be assumed that it is not recognized correctly every time. In a systematic review from 2010, a total of 56 case reports were found.

causes

The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of Mirror syndrome are currently unclear. The causes of fetal hydrops can include:

Rh incompatibility
Fetofetal transfusion syndrome
Viral infections
Fetal malformations

Symptoms of the mother

Edema
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
Proteinuria (excretion of protein in the urine)

Even if the maternal symptoms are similar to those of preeclampsia , the two diseases have nothing to do with each other.

Symptoms of the fetus

At the fetus show up

Hydrops and
possibly a polyhydramnios .

Differential diagnosis

therapy

There is no causal therapy; if the disease progresses, a rapid delivery should be sought. However, if the cause of the fetal hydrops can be eliminated, the maternal symptoms will also improve rapidly. While maternal symptoms continue to decline after delivery and the maternal prognosis is therefore good, the fetal prognosis depends on the gestational age at delivery and the underlying fetal disease.

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d Thorsten Braun, Martin Brauer, Ilka Fuchs, Christoph Czernik, Joachim Wolfram Dudenhausen , Wolfgang Henrich, Nanette Sarioglu: Mirror Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Fetal Associated Conditions, Maternal Presentation and Perinatal Outcome . In: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy . No. 27 , 2010, p. 191-203 , doi : 10.1159 / 000305096 .
↑ The Mirror Syndrome: Water retention in pregnant women and their fetuses in Gyn-Depesche 6/2003
^ Y. Singh, Brig SK Kathpalia, Maj S. Singh: Ballantyne Syndrome in Rhesus Isoimmunized Pregnancy . In: MJAFI . No. 66 , 2010, p. 283–284 ( PDF file 68 kB ).

[fetal-1] Thorsten Braun, Martin Brauer, Ilka Fuchs, Christoph Czernik, Joachim Wolfram Dudenhausen , Wolfgang Henrich, Nanette Sarioglu: Mirror Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Fetal Associated Conditions, Maternal Presentation and Perinatal Outcome . In: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy . No. 27 , 2010, p. 191-203 , doi : 10.1159 / 000305096 .

[2] The Mirror Syndrome: Water retention in pregnant women and their fetuses in Gyn-Depesche 6/2003

[3] Y. Singh, Brig SK Kathpalia, Maj S. Singh: Ballantyne Syndrome in Rhesus Isoimmunized Pregnancy . In: MJAFI . No. 66 , 2010, p. 283–284 ( PDF file 68 kB ).