Central Turkish languages

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As a medium-Turkish languages some historical are Turkish literary languages called, the time between the Old Turkish lie and the modern Turkic languages. Exact linguistic or temporal criteria to differentiate Central Turkish from Old Turkish or the modern Turkish languages ​​are missing. The Central Turkish languages ​​are not directly early forms of the Turkic languages ​​spoken today in their historical area of ​​distribution. It is partly evident that the Central Turkish literary languages ​​were different from the Turkic languages ​​spoken in their area of ​​distribution. So in was Empire of the Golden Horde , the Chwarezm-Turkish the language used in official use and literature, while the vernacular that one about the Codex Cumanicus sees embodied deviates from this.

The Central Turkish languages ​​are divided into an eastern branch with languages ​​of Central Asian origin, which are in the tradition of Old Turkish and are influenced by Islam, and a western branch of southern Russian provenance, whose languages ​​are often referred to as Kipchak , although they are among the most speakers of today Kipchak languages , Tatar or Kazakh , have no direct reference.

The following languages ​​are counted as Middle Turkish:

in the eastern branch

and in the western branch

  • the Kipchak
  • the language of the Codex Cumanicus.

swell

  • Jean Deny et al. (Ed.): Philologiae Turcicae Fundamenta: Tomus Primus [Turkic languages]. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1959, from it in particular:
    • Mecdut Mansuroğlu: Das Karakhanidische, pp. 87–112.
    • János Eckmann : Das Chwarezmtürkische, pp. 113–137.
    • János Eckmann: Das Tschaghataische, pp. 138-160.
    • Annemarie von Gabain : The language of the Codex Cumanicus, pp. 46–73.
    • Omeljan Pritsak : The Kipchak, pp. 74–87.