Khorezm-Turkish language

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The Khorezm-Turkish language, in the various transcriptions of the country name of Khorezmia also Chwarezm-Turkish , Khwarezm-Turkish , Chwarizm-Turkish etc. Ä., but also called Oghuz-Kipchak , was a Turkish literary language in medieval Central Asia . The terms Khorezm-Turkish and the like are literary. The name was simply "Turkish". Khorezm Turkish is one of the Central Turkish languages .

Khorezm-Turkish, which is occasionally referred to as Khorezmish, Khwarezmish and the like for short, especially in a turkological context, must not be confused with the much worse traditional Khorezmish language , which was one of the Iranian languages and was also used in Central Asia until the Middle Ages .

history

The Khorezm Turkish represents the middle stage of the common Central Asian Turkish-Islamic literary language. It replaced Karakhanid as a literary language in the 12th century and changed to Chagataic in the 15th century .

Like its predecessor, Karakhanid and its successor, Chagataic, Khorezm Turkish belongs to the southeastern branch of the Turkic languages , also known as Uighur . In contrast to these, it had a clear proportion of words, formants and phonetic phenomena that came from Oghuz .

Khorezm Turkish reached its heyday in the 13th and 14th centuries. Among the last Anuschtiginiden , Khwarezm had already established itself as the second Turkish literary center in Central Asia (next to Kashgar ). Under the rule of the Mongols , Khorezm Turkish spread as the common Islamic-Turkish literary language throughout their empire. In particular, it became the literary language in the realm of the Golden Horde , while the " Kipchak " language spoken there, as it is passed down in the Codex Cumanicus , had other dialects as a basis.

Alphabets

The works in Khorezm-Turkish language, mostly only preserved in copies from later periods, are mostly written in Arabic characters , rarely also in Uighur script.

swell

  • János Eckmann: The Chwarezm Turkish. In: Jean Deny et al. (Ed.). Philologiae Turcicae Fundamenta: Tomus Primus. [Turkic languages]. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1959, pp. 113-137.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ János Eckmann: The Chwarezm Turkish. In: Jean Deny et al. (Ed.). Philologiae Turcicae Fundamenta: Tomus Primus. [Turkic languages]. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1959, p. 114.
  2. ↑ János Eckmann: The Chwarezm Turkish. In: Jean Deny et al. (Ed.). Philologiae Turcicae Fundamenta: Tomus Primus. [Turkic languages]. Steiner, Wiesbaden 1959, p. 117.