Monthly newspaper for construction and state beautification in Bavaria
The monthly newspaper for building and land beautification was published from January 1821 by the publishing house of EA Fleischmannschen Buchhandlung.
The main purpose was the “friendly design and improvement of the cities, markets and villages, with their markings and corridors, then the perfecting of the individual building and culture facilities, especially through order and cleanliness, to stimulate and promote an increase in domestic and public life ". At the beginning of the 19th century, the monthly sheets shaped rural development, including agricultural areas and businesses, village and town planning, and roads in Bavaria . On the basis of their suggestion, the Bavarian state beautification associations were founded. Through publication, numerous distribution and structural implementation of the so-called sample sheets, z. B. for village schools, parsonages or stables, many of these useful buildings still exist in Bavaria today.
The aim was also to implement uniform standards in the various parts of the country and to create improved living conditions for humans and animals.
history
founding
Founding date: December 13, 1820
Publisher: Society for the useful beautification of the Bavarian country, which was composed of the General Committee of the Agricultural Association and the Administrative Committee of the Polytechnic Associations.
Founding members: Bergrath Joseph von Baader , Captain Johann Samuel von Gruner , Joseph von Hazzi , Friedrich von Schlichtegroll , Mayor Joseph von Utzschneider and as chairman: Gustav Vorherr .
Frequency of publication
First publication date: January 1821
Circulation: 3500 copies as free supplements in the monthly sheets of the agricultural and polytechnical associations, another 500 copies were distributed free of charge to building trades, trade and holiday schools.
Content
- Village beautification
“Friendly houses and farms furnished in the best possible way - happy residents; nicer cities, villages and corridors - better citizens; beautified lands - improved peoples; beautified earth - improved humanity! - "
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- Provision of functional people's schoolhouses, publication with corresponding sample plans
“Schools are points of light in a country; School buildings are venerable places of education for the blossoming generation. For this reason, their schools should distinguish themselves from the other apartments in a municipality in terms of location, environment, construction, furnishings, in accordance with high purposes. "
- Exemplary redesign of the village of Freudenbach.
“After carefully planning all field and village paths in particular, in the appropriate width, as much as possible in straight lines, well paved, provided with the necessary drainage ditches; Community tree nurseries established in all villages; where it is possible to set rows of trees; the manure places hidden behind the stables, the parish squares neatly arranged; the garden facing tastefully; the houses, the foundation and communal buildings made clean from the outside and inside; the burial places situated and designed more friendly; the banks of the Commungewaters, the fountains, the bridges, footbridges and culverts are extremely well maintained; Well-considered building lines for new buildings, with firm consideration of the heavenly regions solar construction theory according to Bernhard Christoph Faust , and that in general order and cleanliness are spread everywhere in the villages, as well as in the associated markings. "
- Provision of country parsonages, publication with corresponding model plans
“Churches, schoolhouses and rectories are the first buildings in a village and must be characterized by order and cleanliness if the mind of the community is directed towards the better in the building sector, if the sense of beauty for the individual and the whole is to be properly awakened . "
- Optimized livestock keeping through improved stables according to Brabant and Swiss style. Demand for cleanliness in the cowshed to keep epidemics away, daily mucking out to minimize odor nuisance and for more spacious and higher stalls.
“Feeding alleys and cattle stalls are paved, the cow ditches are a little sloping to make it easier for the manure to run off, and the manure box has a relocatable pump that can dispense the liquid again. The ceiling of the stable is whitewashed and the necessary water is brought into the cow ditches via a pipe. "
- Recommendation to use cast iron as a material. Advantage because of the reduced risk of fire, when used as a building material also from the point of view of saving wood.
- Construction of avenues along the country roads.
- Road construction improvement. The first work is the drainage of the natural soil by means of road and water ditches on both sides. The second work is to lay a rain-impenetrable stone ceiling made of stones that are as similar as possible and not too large over the dried ground.
- Bonus for village renewal / village beautification. New premium for the construction of exemplary buildings in Bavaria based on the four regions of the sky. 5 - 20 ducats for an urban bourgeois house, 20 ducats for an exemplary farm - appeal by the deputation to suitable applicants.
- Premium for erecting buildings according to solar engineering . New premium for the construction of exemplary buildings in Bavaria based on the four regions of the sky. 5 - 20 ducats for an urban bourgeois house, 20 ducats for an exemplary farm - appeal by the deputation to suitable applicants
- Appeal for the erection of earth and lawn roofs. Call for green roofs to be made “as they already exist in Sweden and Norway”. Advantage of improved fire protection, optimal thermal insulation.
- Recommendation for the right time for felling. Recommendation to cut timber only when the moon is waning, because the tree sap rises into the treetops when the moon is full and then sinks again. When the moon is full, the splinter effect and the risk of woodworm storage are significantly greater.
- Protection of buildings from moisture.
“If the foundation walls 1 - 2 shoes are out of the ground, you cover them with lead plates along their entire length and width and continue to build on them. This process is common in Holland, in which glass panels or a layer of glazed brick panels are used instead of lead. "
- Request to create lawns in front of the houses.
“Lawns remove the houses from the streets and from what goes, drives, rides and happens on the street, they give people light and air, they cool and break the warmth in their green flora and refresh the air, they give that House of peace and security, guard it from the eye of the spy, from noise and dust and surround the houses with green, living nature. "
- Monument protection, "Request for the preservation of ancient buildings and art objects" in Bavaria. There are z. B. "the remains of the Middle Ages in castles and churches, statues, memorial stones, tombs, inscriptions ..." called.
- Cleanliness, a major means of country beautification.
“One can say that a greater or lesser love of cleanliness denotes the state of civilization in a country. The cleanliness is the result of constant care to keep all objects for daily use in order and in place, to protect them from dirt, breakage and damage. "
- Instructions for the erection of hour columns, railings, signposts and place-name signs in Bavaria.
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- ↑ Stefanie Leibetseder: Land embellishment . In: Brandenburgikon. Brandenburg State History Working Group, accessed on March 20, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, March 1821
- ↑ a b Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, November 1821
- ^ Monthly Gazette for Construction and Land Beautification, June 1821
- ↑ a b Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, July 1821
- ^ Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, September 1821
- ↑ Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, February 1826
- ↑ a b Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, February 1826
- ↑ a b Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, April 1826
- ↑ Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, February 1827
- ^ Monthly Gazette for Building and Land Beautification, Oct. 1827
- ^ Monthly Gazette for Construction and Land Beautification, Nov. 1827
- ^ Monthly Gazette for Construction and Land Beautification, May 1830