Monts Bagzane

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Monts Bagzane
Plateau of the Monts Bagzane near Taghès Izzeguerit

Plateau of the Monts Bagzane near Taghès Izzeguerit

location Agadez , Niger
part of Aïr
Monts Bagzane (Niger)
Monts Bagzane
Coordinates 17 ° 43 ′  N , 8 ° 45 ′  E Coordinates: 17 ° 43 ′  N , 8 ° 45 ′  E
p1
p3
p5

The Monts Bagzane are a mountain range in the Aïr . It reaches an altitude of 2022  m on Idoukal-n-Taghès , the highest mountain in Niger .

Alternative spellings to Bagzane are Baghzan , Baghzane , Baguezan , Baguezane and Bagzan .

geography

Location and shape

The Monts Bagzane are located in the south of the Aïr. They belong to the municipality of Tabelot , the main town of which is east of the massif. They have the shape of an oval plateau about forty kilometers long and twenty kilometers wide with an average height of around 1500  m , the terrain of which is littered with heavily eroded rocks and granite rubble. The highest point of the Monts Bagzane is the 2022  m high Idoukal-n-Taghès, which is also the highest mountain in the country. This fact was taken into account by the naming of the Nigerien presidential aircraft : It is called Monts Baghzane . Other important mountains in the Monts Bagzane are the Téguilaïfat ( 1697  m ), the Taghès Izzeguerit ( 1607  m ) and the Im-Bezzegaine ( 1533  m ).

Geology and climate

The volcanic origin of the Monts Bagzane can be seen from a trace of rhyolite deposits in the central part. The massif comprises the remains of three ring dykes made of quartz syenite , which were partially destroyed by later penetration of peralkaline granites and porphyry granites , the most important mafic mineral of which was aegirine . On the southern edge of the mountain range, biotite granite shows up as a trace of a subsequent geological activity.

The average air temperature is around 30 in the summer ° C . In the lower regional capital Agadez , it reaches around 40 ° C at the same time. In winter, the temperature in the Monts Bagzane can drop to 0 ° C and below. The precipitation is 50 to 120 mm per year. There is usually a brief rainy season from late July to early August, while hardly any rain for the rest of the year. The height of the Monts Bagzane leads to a low evaporation compared to the surrounding area . This has a beneficial effect on the development of the plant world.

Settlement and use

The Monts Bagzane were inhabited as early as the Neolithic . 10,000 year old evidence of human habitation was found.

There are twelve villages and five nomad camps in the massif, most of them in its southern part. Springs and koris (temporarily flooded dry valleys ) enable a better water supply there than in the northern part. The settlements consist of round huts, which are covered with mats and connected by fencing to form larger farmsteads. In the main town of Bagzan Âmas (also Bagzane-n-Âmmas) there are straw huts and a few stone houses that are plastered with clay. In Bagzan Âmas there is a school and a pharmacy, which was inaugurated in 1999 by the wife of President Ibrahim Baré Maïnassara . The settlements on the plateau cannot be reached by car. Since 2001 there has been a slope leading from the west onto the massif, which can be used with off-road motorcycles. The rocky paths are usually too steep for camels too, so donkeys are used as pack animals instead.

The inhabitants of the villages and nomad camps belong to the Tuareg subgroup Kel Bagzane. The Kel Bagzane live mainly from the caravan trade, from horticulture and animal husbandry. Tomatoes, onions, potatoes, garlic and peppers are grown for sale. The Monts Bagzane also produces a mixture of plant leaves and fruits called ilatan , which is used as traditional medicine or eaten as an accompaniment to millet and goat cheese. The popular mixture is traded as far as the southern Sahel zone .

literature

  • Amoumoune Aghali: Etude socio-économique du massif de Bagzan . Ministère des Ressources en Eau, Dir. Département de l'Hydraulique, Agadez 2000.
  • Abdoul Kader Mahamane: Les Monts Bagzan. Évolution économique et sociale d'une région saharienne (République du Niger) . Mémoire. Université scientifique et médicale, Grenoble 1984.
  • Josef Merkt, Erhard Schulz: Transsahara. Overcoming the desert . Text accompanying the exhibition from the Geographical Institute of the University of Würzburg and the Federal Institute for Geosciences and Raw Materials Hanover (=  Würzburg Geographical Manuscripts . Issue 38). Würzburg 1996, chap. The Bagzan Massif, an ecological threshold region and The Economy of the Bagzan Massif , p. 38-45 .
  • Alain Morel: Villages et oasis des Monts Bagzans (Massif de l'Aïr-Niger) . In: Revue de Géographie Alpine . Tome 61, no. 2 , 1973, p. 247-266 ( persee.fr ).

Web links

Commons : Monts Bagzane  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marko Scholze: Modern nomads and hawkers: Tuareg and tourism in Niger . LIT, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-8258-0716-0 , pp. 241 .
  2. ^ Jean-Paul Mari: La passion du désert. Grand-Reporters.com, February 1, 2001, accessed March 19, 2013 .
  3. ^ A b Abdourahmane Idrissa, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th edition. Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , pp. 327 .
  4. ↑ Abdourahmane Idrissa, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th edition. Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , pp. 3 .
  5. ↑ Geography. (No longer available online.) Institut National de la Statistique - Niger, archived from the original on February 23, 2016 ; Retrieved March 19, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stat-niger.org
  6. ↑ a b c d Jolijn Geels: Niger . Bradt, Chalfont St Peter 2006, ISBN 1-84162-152-8 , p. 183 .
  7. ^ Alan R. Wooley: Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 3: Africa . The Geological Society, London 2001, ISBN 1-86239-083-5 , pp. 226 .
  8. ↑ a b c Harald A. Friedl: The justifiability of ethnotourism using the example of the Tuareg in the Agadez region, Republic of Niger (West Africa) - An evaluation from the perspective of applied tourism ethics. Dissertation . Karl Franzens University Graz, Graz 2005, p. 219 .
  9. ↑ Dominique Auzias, Jean-Paul Labourdette: Niger . Petit Futé, Paris 2009, ISBN 978-2-7469-1640-1 , pp. 31 .
  10. ↑ Boubé Gado : Paléoenvironnements et occupation humaine des temps préhistoriques à l'epoque contemporaine . In: Franck Giazzi (ed.): La Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré (Niger). The connaissance des éléments du milieu naturel et humain dans le cadre d'orientations pour un aménagement et une conservation durables. Analysis descriptive . Union Internationale pour la conservation de la nature et de ses ressources, Gland 1996, ISBN 2-8317-0249-6 , p. 263 .
  11. ↑ Issouf Bayard, Franck Giazzi: Population et activités économiques au be de la Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré . In: Franck Giazzi (ed.): La Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré (Niger). The connaissance des éléments du milieu naturel et humain dans le cadre d'orientations pour un aménagement et une conservation durables. Analysis descriptive . Union Internationale pour la conservation de la nature et de ses ressources, Gland 1996, ISBN 2-8317-0249-6 , p. 299 .
  12. ↑ Erhard Schulz, Aboubacar Adamou: Health and Medicine in the Sahara . In: Analele Universității din Oradea, Seria Geography . Tom XIX, 2009, p. 183 .