Idoukal-n-Taghès

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Idoukal-n-Taghès
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height 2022  m
location Agadez , Niger
Mountains Monts Bagzane , Aïr
Coordinates 17 ° 50 '21 "  N , 8 ° 43' 13"  E Coordinates: 17 ° 50 '21 "  N , 8 ° 43' 13"  E
Idoukal-n-Taghès (Niger)
Idoukal-n-Taghès
particularities highest mountain in Niger

The Idoukal-n-Taghès is the highest mountain in Niger with a height of 2022  m . It belongs to the Monts Bagzane , a massif in the south of the Aïr high mountains , and is therefore also known as Mont Bagzane . The crescent-shaped mountain is of volcanic origin.

Name variants

The mountain is also known as Idoukal-en-Taghès and Indoukat-n-Taglès . As an alternative to Bagzane , the spellings Baghzan , Baghzane , Baguezan , Baguezane and Bagzan are used.

geography

location

The Idoukal-n-Taghès is located in the northwest of the municipality of the rural municipality of Tabelot in the department of Tchirozérine . The Timia oasis is located in a valley north of the mountain . The closest major city is Agadez, around 127 km away as the crow flies . Within the Monts Bagzane, the Idoukal-n-Taghès rises in its northern part. The entire massif is not accessible by roads suitable for car traffic. In 2001, a slope suitable for off-road motorcycles was created, which leads from the west to the Monts Bagzane. Donkeys are usually used as pack animals. The mountain trails are too rocky and steep for camels.

Geology and climate

The volcanic origin of the rocky, hardly overgrown mountain can be seen from its shape. The outer walls of the caldera still rise halfway and form the crescent-shaped mountain ridge of the Idoukal-n-Taghès. In the Monts Bagzane there are the remains of a total of three ring dykes made of quartz syenite , which were partially destroyed by later penetration of peralkaline granites and porphyry granites , the most important mafic mineral of which is aegirine .

In summer, the average air temperature in the Monts Bagzane is around 30 ° C , while in the lower town of Agadez it reaches around 40 ° C. On some winter nights the temperature in the massif drops to 0 ° C, on Idoukal-n-Taghès as its highest point it can be even lower. The rainfall in the Monts Bagzane is 50 to 120 mm per year. It usually focuses on a short but intense rainy season from late July to early August. The rest of the year it hardly rains.

History and culture

The Tibesti Mountains belonged to the then French colony of Niger until 1929, and that year fell to Chad . The highest peak in the Tibesti, the Emi Koussi with 3415  m , was the highest mountain in Niger until then. It was now assumed to be in the Aïr high mountains, which, however, had not yet been completely measured. In 1959 the adventurer boarded Roger Frison-Roche the Mont Gréboun in northern Aïr. Frison-Roche stated its height at 2310  m . The first to climb Mont Gréboun, the geologist Conrad Kilian in 1943, had estimated the height of the mountain to be 1850  m to 1875  m . Frison-Roche's information led to Mont Gréboun being identified as the highest mountain in the country.

Monts Baghzane presidential airplane

In the period from 1959 to 1978, the Institut géographique national (IGN) in Paris produced topographical maps of all of Niger based on aerial photographs from 1955 to 1963. Here, the IGN came to the conclusion that the Mont Idoukal-n-Taghès 2022  m , Mont Gréboun but only 1,944  m high, as if from a published 1976 IGN map can be seen. However, these findings were hardly ever publicized and Mont Gréboun was described as the highest mountain in Niger for years. Only since a new survey in 2001, which came to the same results, the Idoukal-n-Taghès is generally and undisputedly the highest mountain in the country. The Nigerien presidential plane was named Monts Baghzane .

The Idoukal-n-Taghès itself is not permanently settled. In the Monts Bagzane there are a total of twelve villages and five nomad camps that are inhabited by Tuareg . The majority of these settlements are located in the south of the mountain range. There is a better water supply through springs and koris (temporarily flooded dry valleys ) than in the dry north around Idoukal-n-Taghès.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Marc Carlier: Niger Méharistes: Contribution à l'histoire des unités à montées chameau du territoire Nigeria: 1900 à 1962 . Éditions L'Harmattan, Paris 2001, ISBN 2-7384-9886-8 , pp. 12 .
  2. ↑ a b Geography. (No longer available online.) Institut National de la Statistique - Niger, archived from the original on February 23, 2016 ; Retrieved March 19, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stat-niger.org
  3. ↑ Marko Scholze: Modern nomads and hawkers: Tuareg and tourism in Niger . LIT, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-8258-0716-0 , pp. 241 .
  4. ^ Jean-Paul Mari: La passion du désert. Grand-Reporters.com, February 1, 2001, accessed March 19, 2013 .
  5. ^ A b Abdourahmane Idrissa, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th edition. Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , pp. 327 .
  6. ↑ a b c Abdourahmane Idrissa, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th edition. Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , pp. 3 .
  7. ↑ a b c Harald A. Friedl: The justifiability of ethnotourism using the example of the Tuareg in the Agadez region, Republic of Niger (West Africa) - An evaluation from the perspective of applied tourism ethics. Dissertation . Karl Franzens University Graz, Graz 2005, p. 219 .
  8. ↑ a b c Jolijn Geels: Niger . Bradt, Chalfont St Peter 2006, ISBN 1-84162-152-8 , p. 183 .
  9. ^ Alan R. Wooley: Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 3: Africa. The Geological Society, London 2001, ISBN 1-86239-083-5 , pp. 226 .
  10. Jump up ↑ Ginette Aumassip: Entre Adrar des Ifoghas, Tassili et Aïr: les contacts du bassin avec le nord-est . In: Jean Devisse (ed.): Vallées du Niger . Catalog for the exhibition of the same name at the Musée national des Arts d'Afrique et d'Océanie (October 1993 - January 1994). Réunion des Musées Nationaux, Paris 1993, p. 93 .
  11. ^ Jean-Charles Humbert: Sahara, les traces de l'homme . Chabaud, Paris 2009, ISBN 2-87749-012-2 , pp. 218 .
  12. ^ Louis Le Tourneau: Aventures africaines . Vol. 3: Geographe. Mauritanie et Niger, Haute-Volta et Côte d'Ivoire. 1962-1964. Mémoires d'hommes, Paris 2006, p. 56 .
  13. ^ Yveline Poncet: Images spatiales et paysages sahéliens . ORSTOM, Paris 1986, ISBN 2-7099-0818-2 , pp. 68 .
  14. ^ Réserves naturelles de l'Aïr et du Ténéré. Carte des limites de la reserve (en vert). UNESCO Center du patrimoine mondial, accessed March 19, 2013 .
  15. ↑ Issouf Bayard, Franck Giazzi: Population et activités économiques au be de la Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré . In: Franck Giazzi (ed.): La Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré (Niger). The connaissance des éléments du milieu naturel et humain dans le cadre d'orientations pour un aménagement et une conservation durables. Analysis descriptive . Union Internationale pour la conservation de la nature et de ses ressources, Gland 1996, ISBN 2-8317-0249-6 , p. 299 .