Mont Gréboun

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Mont Gréboun
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height 1944  m
location Agadez , Niger
Mountains Aïr
Coordinates 20 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  E Coordinates: 20 ° 0 ′ 0 ″  N , 8 ° 35 ′ 0 ″  E
Mont Gréboun (Niger)
Mont Gréboun

The Mont Gréboun is a 1944  m high mountain in the high mountains Aïr in Niger . For a long time it was considered the highest mountain in the country.

geography

The Mont Gréboun, consisting of alkali granite , is located in the north of the Aïr before its transition to the Ténéré desert . The 20th parallel north of the mountain runs along the mountain . Administratively it belongs to the Arlit department and to the UNESCO World Heritage Aïr and Ténéré nature reserve . The closest major city in the extremely sparsely populated area is Arlit, around 175 km away as the crow flies .

In general, the Aïr forms an island in the large Sahel region in the Sahara . The northernmost part of the high mountains including Mont Gréboun is excluded, it is also counted as part of the Sahara landscape. The relative height of the mountain alone leads to a decrease in evaporation and to a mitigation of the extreme dryness of the Sahara, so that on the predominantly bare Mont Gréboun a Mediterranean -looking flora can be found here and there. This includes a subspecies of the olive tree , the Olea europaea subsp. laperrinei .

The dry valley Témet , which runs south of the Adrar Bous mountain ( 1123  m ) in the dunes of the Ténéré, has its origin at Mont Gréboun .

History and culture

Finds from the cattle era attest to the early human settlement of Mont Gréboun.

The geologist Conrad Kilian made the first ascent of the mountain from June 7th to 9th, 1943. At its foot he discovered marine sediments from the chalk . Kilian estimated the height of the mountain at 1850  m to 1875  m . The first Berliet mission took place in 1959 , a desert crossing from Ouargla to Fort Lamy initiated by the motor vehicle manufacturer Berliet . The mission was joined by the adventurer Roger Frison-Roche , who climbed Mont Gréboun and stated the height of the mountain as 2310  m . As a result, Mont Gréboun was mistakenly considered the highest mountain in Niger for a long time. In the meantime, on the basis of new surveys, the correct altitude information of 1944  m has been published (e.g. in a map published in 1976 by the Paris Institute géographique national , which was created in 1975), but this received little attention. It was only since a new survey in 2001 that Idoukal-n-Taghès, further south, is generally and undisputedly the highest mountain in Niger at 2022  m .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Franck Giazzi: Les conséquences of écoulements de surface et des processus éoliens sur la dynamique de l'environnement . In: Franck Giazzi (ed.): La Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré (Niger). The connaissance des éléments du milieu naturel et humain dans le cadre d'orientations pour un aménagement et une conservation durables. Analysis descriptive . Union Internationale pour la conservation de la nature et de ses ressources, Gland 1996, ISBN 2-8317-0249-6 , p. 78 .
  2. ^ Pierre Poilecot: Le milieu végétal de la Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré . In: Franck Giazzi (ed.): La Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré (Niger). The connaissance des éléments du milieu naturel et humain dans le cadre d'orientations pour un aménagement et une conservation durables. Analysis descriptive . Union Internationale pour la conservation de la nature et de ses ressources, Gland 1996, ISBN 2-8317-0249-6 , p. 179 .
  3. ↑ Dominique Auzias, Jean-Paul Labourdette: Niger . Petit Futé, Paris 2009, ISBN 978-2-7469-1640-1 , pp. 31 .
  4. ↑ Dominique Auzias, Jean-Paul Labourdette: Niger . Petit Futé, Paris 2009, ISBN 978-2-7469-1640-1 , pp. 187 .
  5. ↑ Boubé Gado : Paléoenvironnements et occupation humaine des temps préhistoriques à l'epoque contemporaine . In: Franck Giazzi (ed.): La Réserve Naturelle Nationale de l'Aïr et du Ténéré (Niger). The connaissance des éléments du milieu naturel et humain dans le cadre d'orientations pour un aménagement et une conservation durables. Analysis descriptive . Union Internationale pour la conservation de la nature et de ses ressources, Gland 1996, ISBN 2-8317-0249-6 , p. 263 .
  6. ^ Jean-Charles Humbert: Sahara, les traces de l'homme . Chabaud, Paris 2009, ISBN 2-87749-012-2 , pp. 218 .
  7. ↑ Dominique Auzias, Jean-Paul Labourdette: Niger . Petit Futé, Paris 2009, ISBN 978-2-7469-1640-1 , pp. 164 .
  8. ^ Louis Le Tourneau: Aventures africaines . Vol. 3: Geographe. Mauritanie et Niger, Haute-Volta et Côte d'Ivoire. 1962-1964. Mémoires d'hommes, Paris, ISBN 978-2-7469-1640-1 , pp. 56 .
  9. Jump up ↑ Ginette Aumassip: Entre Adrar des Ifoghas, Tassili et Aïr: les contacts du bassin avec le nord-est . In: Jean Devisse (ed.): Vallées du Niger . Catalog for the exhibition of the same name at the Musée national des Arts d'Afrique et d'Océanie (October 1993 - January 1994). Réunion des Musées Nationaux, Paris 1993, p. 93 .
  10. ^ Réserves naturelles de l'Aïr et du Ténéré. Carte des limites de la reserve (en vert). UNESCO Center du patrimoine mondial, accessed March 19, 2013 .
  11. ↑ Abdourahmane Idrissa, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th edition. Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , pp. 3 .