Ouargla
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ورقلة ⵡⴰⵔⴳⵕⴰⵏ Ouargla |
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| Coordinates | 31 ° 57 ′ N , 5 ° 19 ′ E | ||
| Basic data | |||
| Country | Algeria | ||
| Ouargla | |||
| ISO 3166-2 | DZ-30 | ||
| height | 135 m | ||
| Residents | 133,024 (2008) | ||
 The tram from Ouargla
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Ouargla ( Arabic ورقلة, DMG Warqala , tamazight ⵡⴰⵔⴳⵕⴰⵏ) is the capital of the Algerian province of Ouargla , 800 km south of Algiers. The university city has over 133,000 inhabitants.
history
In the Middle Ages, the Magrawa and Ghardaia tribes lived together peacefully in the city . The city belonged to the Ibadite and Kharijite empires and was best known for its slave trade .
In 909 the Kharijite imamate of the Rustamids in western Algeria was conquered by the Shiite Fatimids . The surviving Kharijites withdrew to Sedrata near Ouargla. Sedrata developed as the burial place of the last Imam of Tahert, the starting point of the Kharijites, to an important trade and pilgrimage center of the Ibadites. However, Sedrata was subjugated by the Hammadids in 1077 , which is why the Ibadites withdrew to the area of Wadi M'zab . The Mağğāna, mentioned in the 7th and 8th centuries, are mentioned as a group in the city that lived among the Ibadite Berbers, but it remains unclear whether they were Christians, possibly also Jews. In any case, the local Jews played a significant role in the trans-Saharan gold trade.
When the north of the Maghreb came to the Ottoman Empire, Ouargla became a tribute to the Dey of Algiers.
Ouargla is surrounded by five small oases , Beni Thour , Sidi Khouiled , Chott , Ruwaysat Said Otba and N'goussa , which together grow about a million palm trees. The oases are irrigated by artesian wells about 60 m deep , of which there are more than 800 in the Ouargla region.
Worth seeing is the restored old town of La Lasbah with its market, the souq and the mosque "al-Masjid al-Atiq". In the south-west of the old town, a European quarter was formed during the French colonial era; descendants of nomads who settled there live in the other parts of the city.
economy
In addition to agriculture, Ouargla is a center of the oil industry, although the oil fields are a bit away from the city.
In addition to date palms, melons are grown, which are watered with slightly salty water from a water horizon only about 2 m deep. The drinking water of the lower layers is not used for agriculture.
Companies that exploit the surrounding oil fields have settled in the city. The oil fields around Hassi Messaoud in Wilaya Ouargla make up about 20% of the oil fields of Algeria, which shows the economic importance of the region for the country.
climate
Extremely high maximum temperatures have repeatedly been measured in Ouargla. A new July record was allegedly set on July 5, 2018 at 51.3 ° C, while the absolute record was allegedly set on August 27, 1886 at 57.1 ° C. However, the measurements do not seem to have been carried out in accordance with the standards.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population figures 2008. (English) ( Memento of the original from May 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Dominique Valérian: Islamisation et arabisation de l'Occident musulman médiéval (viie-xiie siècle) , Publications de la Sorbonne, 2015, p. 121 f.
- ↑ chap. La question saharienne , in: Hélène Blais: Mirages de la carte. L'invention de l'Algérie coloniale , Fayard, 2014.
- ^ K. Schliephake: Petroleum and regional development. German Inst. For Africa Research, Hamburg 1975, p. 44.
- ↑ German Weather Service, July 7th, 2018: When heat becomes fatal , accessed on August 2nd, 2018.
- ^ Météo-Climat Ouargla , accessed on August 2, 2018.
- ↑ Wetterzentrale Forum: New record for the African continent! , accessed August 2, 2018.
