Murabbaʿat 174

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Murabbaʿat 174 (abbreviated: Mur174) is the name of an ancient papyrus , which probably comes from the Wadi Murabbaʿat . It is a promissory note written in Hebrew .

The papyrus was purchased in 1962 by the Museum des Studium Biblicum Franciscanum together with two fragments from Qumran ( 4Q379 frg. 1 and 4Q475 ) . While the two Qumran fragments were published later, the papyrus was initially not published. The origin of the papyrus has not been archaeologically proven. Due to the content and the writing, however, it is assumed that it comes from the Wadi Murabbaʿat, from which fragments of Bedouins were possibly sold parallel to the official excavations at that time.

The document consists of six larger fragments, the arrangement of which can be reconstructed with a relatively high degree of certainty, and about a dozen tiny fragments, often with only a few traces of inscription. Accordingly, the papyrus measures around 15 × 8 cm. The top and right margins have been preserved with 9 lines of text. The width can be roughly reconstructed based on the form character of the content. The lower part with the signatures is missing. The back is blank.

The papyrus is a promissory note from the time of the Bar Kochba uprising 132–135. Other promissory notes from the period are Murabbaʿat 18 , 4Q344 , Sdeir 2, XHev / Se 49, Murabbaʿat 114 and possibly also Murabbaʿat 7. Interestingly, the papyrus is not written in italics , but in a legible font. However, due to the fragmentary character, only a partial reading is possible, which can be supplemented by the usual formulas. According to this, a certain Shim benon ben Yehuda gives 25 Sus to a person from Tekoa .

text

The German translation of the document is:

1. On the second Ṭeve [t of the year X of the redemption of Israel]

2. du [rch] Sh [im'on, son of Kosiba, Nasi Is] raels,

3. in [...] t [... was ... agreed by] Shim'on,

4. Son of Yehudah: (You have) with me (= I owe you), I, PN, son of PN, from]

5. Tekoa ', twenty-five [zi] g [good] e (= valid) Sus [in] made of silver. I

6. Receive (them) (with this), they are [a Su] s and s [echs Se] l [a '. And at any time you say

7. To me, I (she) will repay you, and [I will] redeem the document at any time. And when I change

8. [this] D [document, will] z [u dir… with m] ir. And if (I) not like that

9. [act, I will] pay you [of my house] [and of my possessions.] I will sign with [my own] hand. 

The papyrus is written in Hebrew. However, individual words are Aramaic , and Hebrew has some peculiarities. The reconstruction of the text suggests that the nota accusativi את was written without an initial א, ​​as was customary at that time, and was proclitically based on the following word.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gregor Geiger: Papyrus fragments, possibly from the Wadi Murabbaʿat. In: Dead Sea Discoveries 19 (2012), p. 217.