Muradiye Mosque

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Muradiye Mosque Manisa

The Muradiye Mosque ( Turkish Muradiye Camii ) is an Ottoman mosque from the 16th century in the Turkish city of Manisa . She was commissioned by Sultan Murad III. Erected by the court architect Sinan . It is the only building by the architect in the region.

location

The mosque is located in the south of the western Anatolian city of Manisa between 1905. Sokak, 2200. Sokak, Murat Caddesi and Dumlupınar Caddesi. The building extends from southwest to northeast. The entrance is in the southwest. To the mosque building which closes in the northeast madrasa at.

history

Sectional drawing of the mosque

The mosque was built for the Ottoman Sultan Murad III between 1583 and 1586. built. The new building replaced an older mosque on the same site, which had been built between 1571 and 1574 when the Sultan was Prince Governor of Manisa. The mosque was enlarged between 1577 and 1582, but the decision was made to demolish it and rebuild it.

The former prince's mosque seems to have been built shortly after permission to build a bathhouse was given in 1570. Construction probably began in 1571 when his father Selim II and his mother, a native of Venetian Nurbanu , married. The first phase of construction must have been completed on May 26, 1572, when the architect Nikola received a fee. Completion ended with the establishment of a religious foundation ( Waqf ) to bear the mosque in November 1574. Shortly afterwards, Selim II died and his eldest son Murad ascended the throne.

On May 31, 1577, the new sultan issued a decree that allowed the foundation to enlarge the north, east and south sides of the mosque. The conversion, however, turned out to be difficult. There was not enough space on the west and north sides and the enlargement of the portico on the north side would have covered the Şadirvan and made it impossible to pray outdoors in the summer months. For example, neighboring buildings and gardens were bought or annexed and an extension with a school was built there. In the years that followed, the foundation's assets grew enormously through donations from the Sultan.

On June 27, 1582, the Sultan ordered that the Sanjakbey of Saruhan Province (Manisa) visit the mosque together with the local Qādī and an envoy of the Sultan and check whether the foundation could raise the necessary costs for renovating the building. In addition, it should be clarified whether the neighboring dervish convent would be demolished and a madrasah could be built in its place. In October 1582 the sultan wrote again to the governor whether it would be possible to extend the mosque with vaulted or domed rooms without destroying the original structure. In addition, Murad III. 600,000 Asper available to expedite remodeling plans. A decree of January 28, 1583 proves that construction work had started. Decrees to the Qādī of Manisa prove that the prince's mosque had new foundations, domed side wings had been added and the central dome was enlarged.

What happened next is not clear. In July 1583 the Sultan wrote an angry letter to the Qādī and the Mufti of Manisa, in which he angrily asked why the mosque had been torn down contrary to his instructions. Presumably, the city's Muslim community, as the user of the mosque, reserved its own ideas, spoke out against the renovation plans and implemented the demolition. Sultan Murad commissioned his chief architect Sinan with a plan for a new mosque. He also sent the court architect Mahmud Halife to the southwestern Turkish province to implement the plans. In a decree, the ruler declared unequivocally that the plans were to be implemented and that there should be no discussions or interventions against the building.

In 1584 the Sultan in Venice ordered 150 oil lamps made of Murano glass for the mosque. The mosque must have been about to be completed in October 1585, because the court painter Üstad Mehmed Halife was sent to Manisa with a team of twelve painters on that day to paint the mosque. After the death of the architect Mahmud Halife, the court architect Mehmed took over the construction in January 1586. In the same year construction began on the madrasa and the soup kitchen ( Imaret ). The building complex was completed in September 1590, and two years later the first scholar moved into the madrasa.

Large parts of the old town of Manisa were destroyed by Greek troops in 1922. The mosque was one of the few buildings that remained undamaged.

architecture

The mosque was built from large sandstone blocks. The prayer hall is surmounted by a 28.5 meter high and 10.6 meter wide central dome, three sides are designed with apses covered by semi-domes . The entrance area is covered by a portico with five domes. Two slender minarets, each 45 meters high, tower over the building. The rather simple interior is decorated with ceramics from Iznik . The Külliye consists of a madrasah and an imaret, which is now used as a museum.

Web links

Commons : Muradiye Mosque  - Collection of Pictures, Videos and Audio Files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Gülru Necipoğlu: The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire . Reaction Books, London 2005, ISBN 1-86189-244-6 , pp. 257-265, here p. 259
  2. ↑ Gülru Necipoğlu (2005), p. 259
  3. ↑ Gülru Necipoğlu (2005), p. 259
  4. ^ Gülru Necipoğlu (2005), pp. 259, 260
  5. ↑ Gülru Necipoğlu (2005), p. 260
  6. ↑ Gülru Necipoğlu (2005), p. 260 f.
  7. ↑ Gülru Necipoğlu (2005), p. 262
  8. ↑ Gülru Necipoğlu (2005), p. 262

Coordinates: 38 ° 36 ′ 35.6 "  N , 27 ° 25 ′ 44.3"  E