Narro guild Villingen
The historical Narrozunft Villingen e. V. is a fool's guild whose task as a non-profit registered association is to preserve and promote the historic Villinger Fasnet .
history
The first documented evidence of the carnival in Villingen comes from the year 1467. In 1584, the carnival was mentioned in connection with students at the University of Freiburg , which at that time was relocated to the Franciscan monastery in Villingen because of the plague . The guild assumes that its main character, the Narro, was created during this time. In its current form as a registered association, the Narro Guild was founded in 1882. The founders were:
- August Bracher, manufacturer
- Josef Ummenhofer, sculptor and rock host
- Schwämmle, baker
- Valentin Fleck, butcher
- August Fleig, shoemaker
- Norbert Mauch, carpenter
- Gustav Fischer, painter
- Xaver Singer, farmer
- Wilhelm Sieber, stone cutter
- Franz Sieber, watchmaker
- Carl Valentin Kaiser, carpenter
- Martin Heby, offshoot
After the Franco-Prussian War , the cat music groups emerged from 1872 , which, in addition to the bourgeois carnival, also offered the poorer people the opportunity to celebrate Shrovetide. In 1920 the carnival cat music association "Miau" was founded.
In Villingen, too, at the end of the 19th century, the carnival was more and more shaped by elements of the Rhenish carnival .
On November 16, 1924, at the instigation of the Narro Guild, the Association of Swabian-Alemannic Fools' Guilds (VSAN) was founded in Villingen. Besides the Narro Guild there were twelve other founding members. The seat of the association was Villingen; the first president Josef Benjamin Grüninger II. (1873-1927), the treasurer and the secretary came from Villingen.
The Glonki guild was founded in 1933 as another carnival club and also followed the carnival pattern. This created a duality between the Rhenish carnival and the Swabian-Alemannic carnival in Villingen, which continues to shape the carnival in the city today.
In 1955, the fool's guild resigned from the association as a result of personal disputes between its guild master and the president of the Swabian-Alemannic fool's guilds association. Since then, the figures of the fool's guild no longer appear in other cities (e.g. at fools' meetings), but can only be seen in Villingen.
Course of the Villinger Fasnet
As in other strongholds, the carnival begins in Villingen on January 6th. The carnival masks are hung in the apartments and the Narro fountain is decorated in the city. On the evening before the fat Thursday, the so-called “roller shaking” of the Narros and the “pitting” of the donkey groups take place. The children's parade follows on the fat Thursday, the Wueschtbrunnen is set up on Carnival Saturday and the town hall key is handed over by the mayor to the guild master on Carnival Sunday. On Carnival Monday, the main day of Carnival, the historical parade takes place in the morning and the Maschgerelauf of the Narro guild in the afternoon. The Narro uses the time before, during and after the removals to stalk , a form of reprimand in which the "streaked" are reminded of their mistakes in a humorous way. All Villingen carnival clubs take part in the big parade on Shrove Tuesday. It resembles a carnival parade in which heaps of sweets (malters) are thrown into the crowd from carts.
There are also cat music events and the other Villingen carnival clubs on all carnival days. There is not a day that is reserved for the historical carnival and the Narro guild.
Figures of the Villinger Fasnet
Narro
The Narro is the most famous figure of the Villinger Fasnet. It was known as "Masquera" until the middle of the 18th century. The word "Maschgere" in the Villingen dialect is still used today for the historical carnival figures. The Narro belongs to the group of white jesters with a white linen robe on which figures, animals and flowers are painted with oil paints. A bear and a lion are painted on the front of the pants. The back of the pants shows a couple in traditional costumes, popularly known as "Hansele" and "Gretele". The painted Hansele holds a spoon-like stick in his right hand and a sausage in his left. The Gretele is carrying a small box in her right hand. The lion and bear hold wine and honey glasses as well as tulips in their claws. A fox and a hare are painted on the front of the smock. On the back of the smock you can see a Hansele with a cat. Tulips, peonies, and buds are painted on the outside of the sleeves, while sausages can be seen on the inside. The Narro carries four straps over its shoulders with “rollers” (bells) weighing around 18 kilograms. The Narrenhäs is completed by a large, white, artfully folded and starched collar, the Masch '(colorful neck bow ), the foulard , a large silk scarf, the train boots or bodinen (timeless, high, black smooth leather shoes) and black leather gloves. The mask made of linden wood and a fox tail are attached to the hood . The mask, in Villingen Scheme (spoken: "Schemme") is probably the most valuable part of the equipment. In Villingen there are still a few carvers who painstakingly make the masks by hand. The thin-walled carving of the masks results in a change in the wearer's voice, which ensures anonymity when blasting.
Stachi
The stachi wears the same trousers as the narro, the collar and a fox tail. Instead of the heavy fool's roles, he wears a blue driver's shirt. He holds stretching scissors, a feather duster, a brush or similar neck instruments in his hands. In front of his face he wears a sur lever, that is, a portrait mask, which probably originally served to caricature citizens of Villingen. Old, important portrait schemes are, for example, the Schloßbur, the weaver hedgehog, the Ölmüllersurhebel, the Narrovaterscheme, the Stachelfranz, the Zacherlies or the Holle Ageth. It was not until the beginning of the 20th century that the sur lever was standardized as an independent mask type. The sculptor Robert Neukum designed expressive schemes with a grouchy and sour facial expression. After the Second World War , the sculptor Manfred Merz developed a cheerful sur-lever with mischievous facial features. To this day, he has largely determined the expression of surf masks. The previously common beard schemes are occasionally made again today.
At the beginning of the 20th century, in addition to the stachi in blue shirts, those with short, black cloaks, so-called pellerinen, appeared. While this figure, which has no specific name, still appears with a collar today, there used to be stachis in old housecoats and dressing gowns, including those with a Viennese scarf, but without a collar. As such, Narros appeared as soon as they had given up their roles in the evening in order to be able to continue walking.
Altvillingerin
The traditional costume of the Altvillinger woman dates from the early 19th century and was the urban women's fashion of Villingen. Over the long dress made of dark, patterned silk, she wears an apron made of shimmering taffeta . The shoulders are covered with a fringed silk scarf, and in the cold with an additional wool scarf. A golden, sometimes black, wheel hood is worn on the head . With the decline of the festive costume in the Biedermeier period , it was increasingly used in Carnival. It allowed women to actively participate in running fools. Mardi Gras was reserved for men until the 19th century. A mask in the form of fabric and wax larvae was part of the Altvillingerin as a carnival figure from the start. From the 1930s these were replaced by wooden schemes. When the Altvillingerin accompanies Narro as he blasts, she sometimes wears a thin-walled carved wooden mask with a girlish, smiling expression. After the Strählen Gestrählte receives from the Altvillingerin "Schnupfede" candy from their "Schnupfdösle", a small candy dish which leads them in a dark bag with peaks and drawstring with them.
Morbili
The companion of the Stachis is the Morbili, also called Morbele. She is the ideal complement to the sur lever and was created as another female figure in the mid-1920s. Her clothes correspond to the Altvillingerin. But it differs in the mask and the headgear. The mask represents an old, mischievous, wise woman and is framed by a lace cap adorned with flowers. Morbili also comforts the steely with dried plums, “malts” and pralines from their braided lid basket, popularly known as “Krättle”.
Donkey
The donkey is an animal figure dressed in a blätzlehäs. The Blätzlehäs consists of a simple suit, sewn with many small pieces of fabric cut in the shape of bricks, which are called "Blätzle". The donkey wears a large donkey mask on his head. Accompanied by the “Triibers” (Stachis) who carry the whips in their hands, he rides through the city on a pine branch and imitates the voice and demeanor of a fierce animal. If the donkey succeeds in escaping the Triibers into an inn, he is allowed to eat and drink there at their expense. A more recent custom is that the donkey steals sausages from butcher shops. The figure of the donkey disappeared from the carnival scene for a long time due to bans in the 19th century. It was not revived until the beginning of the 20th century. Today there are four donkey groups and one child donkey group. While in the past only a few drivers accompanied the donkey figure, their number increased many times over after the Second World War.
Desires
Thick stuffed with straw, the worn-out Narrohäs is the wish. The Wuescht carry a broom in their hand, which they raise while running and thus signal that the children can throw snowballs and pine cones at them. The desire willingly offers them a target: On his back he carries a board with an old rag doll, called “rag dog” in dialect, or similar rubbish. On Ash Wednesday, the stuffed straw is taken out of the trousers and solemnly burned.
Narro and desires
- Narro, Narro, Wiisbrod,
- Give me a Schtickle Schwarzbrod!
- Narro, sibe Sih,
- sibe Sih sin Narro gsi!
- Narro, Narro, rag-dog,
- häsch nit know that d'Fasnet can,
- Have your mul with water,
- if you had left your money in the gouge,
- Narro, Narro, rag-dog!
- Great, great, great de Narro
- and if de Narro were not gracious,
- no he would give malt outside.
- I de Gerberstroß on the corner,
- dert lives de Riebele-Bäck,
- he stretches the A ... to the window nuus,
- ma mont it would be a wake-up call.
- It's ready, it's ready,
- es isch de A ... from the Riebele-Bäck!
- Thu kunnd woman ran
- we want to buy the wake,
- no sait de Riebele-Bäck:
- Min A ... isch but weck!
- it is ready, it is ready,
- es isch de Ar ... from Riebele-Bäck!
- In January, February, March and April,
- do the Meidle be ticklish,
- do ka ma, whatever.
- In May, June, July and August
- do the sour cucumber drink,
- do hon se kone Luscht.
- September, October, November and December,
- Meidle lupf de Rock in d'Höh '
- un zoeg ma din calendar!
- The leak mi am A .. has Hochzit ket
- With fiddliputzers wick
- De shoot drini isch getti gsi
- So it's a nice Hochzit gsi
literature
- Anita Auer (text), Dieter Wacker (editor), Thomas Herzog-Singer (photos): Masquera. The historical Villinger Fasnet , Historical Narrozunft Villingen , Villingen-Schwenningen 2007, ISBN 3-00-020209-9 .
- Ed. Hist. Narrozunft Villingen 1584 eV, editors, I. Guild master Christian Huonker, Chronicle of the historical Villinger Fasnet , Festbuch 1984.
- Claudia Dieterle and Stefanie Heuft, Gopfrid and Ignaz on the trail of the Villinger Fasnet ISBN 978-3-942752-00-8 .
- Claudia Dieterle and Stefanie Heuft, Gopfrid, Ignaz, five mouse children and the big move ISBN 978-3-942752-01-5 .
