National Association

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The National Association was a right-wing , anti-republican organization founded in October 1919 . It is considered to be the organizational “crystallization core” of the Kapp Putsch .

history

The association was founded in October 1919 with the support of Erich Ludendorff . One of the main initiators was Captain Waldemar Pabst , who was responsible for the murder of Rosa Luxemburg and Karl Liebknecht at the beginning of the year . Pabst had been dismissed by Reich Defense Minister Gustav Noske as chief of staff of the Guard Cavalry Rifle Division because of his participation in some nationalist protests and attempts at insurrection . The deputy leader of the former right-wing Fatherland Party and East Prussian landscape director Wolfgang Kapp was also involved in the establishment . Another participant was Colonel Bauer , who had served Ludendorff as a political advisor during the First World War. Ludendorff, Schiele , Traub , Schnitzler and Grabowski also took part in the tour .

The aim was to create a “united front for all nationally- minded people ” and to fight “ Bolshevism ”. Pabst acted as chief executive. The organizational basis formed the remnants of the former Fatherland Party. Kapp and Traub were also members of the main board of the DNVP , so that there was a direct connection to this party. There was also a connection to the National Club through Traub . This was also founded in October 1919 and mainly organized industrialists, bankers, large landowners and high officials. The National Association also maintained contacts with right-wing military personnel, in particular with Walther von Lüttwitz . Financial support came from some big industrialists like Hugo Stinnes .

The association brokered, among other things, former Baltic fighters as a replacement for unionized farm workers on estates in East Elbe . In this way, military connections that would be needed for a future coup could be maintained or rebuilt.

The unification was not perceived as a danger to the republic. The State Commissioner for Public Order Supervision reported that the activities had always been "calming". Other sources that the government did not get to know , however, show that at least the core of the organization envisaged a coup d'état using military means if necessary.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eberhard Kolb : The Weimar Republic. Munich, 2002 p. 40.
  2. ↑ Gerald D. Feldman : Hugo Stinnes: Biography of an industrialist, 1870-1924. Munich, 1998 p. 601.
  3. ^ Heinz Reif : Nobility and the bourgeoisie in Germany II. Lines of development and turning points in the 20th century. Berlin 2001 p. 120.

literature

  • Anton Golecki (edit.): The Bauer cabinet June 21, 1919 to March 27, 1920 (files of the Reich Chancellery. Weimar Republic) Boppard am Rhein, 1980 p. 281f.
  • Heinrich August Winkler : Weimar 1918–1933. The history of the first German democracy. Frankfurt am Main, 1993 p. 120