Natural Research Society in Gdansk
The Natural Research Society in Danzig (Latin: Societas Physicae Experimentalis , Polish: Gdańskie Towarzystwo Przyrodnicze ) was an association in Danzig, which was dedicated to the promotion of scientific knowledge. It was founded in 1743 at the suggestion of Daniel Gralath and existed until 1936.
history
Beginnings
Gralath first expressed the idea privately on November 7, 1742, to found a Societas Physicae experimentalis ("Society for Experimental Physics"). After the positive response, a small group of scholars came together for preparatory meetings, at which, following suggestions from Gralath, the statutes of the society were adopted and a board of directors was elected. On January 2, 1743, nine people met in Adrian Söhner's house for the founding meeting. They founded one of the first natural research societies in Central Europe.
Further development
Experiments, for example with the Leiden bottle , were initially carried out in the hall of the Green Gate . From 1845 on, the members of the society resided on the Motława shore right next to the Frauentor .
In 1869, on the occasion of Humboldt's 100th birthday, the Society founded the Humboldt Scholarship to support scientific work. The society advocated the establishment of the Gdansk University of Technology in 1904 and later also donated its precious library to it. The extensive natural history collections had been handed over to the West Prussian Provincial Museum founded in 1879, but then returned to the Green Gate.
The company existed until 1936. The house was destroyed in 1945. The building has been rebuilt and has housed the Gdańsk Archaeological Museum since the end of the 20th century.
Members
Founding members
- David Kade, doctor, first director
- Michael Christoph Hanow , high school professor for mathematics
- Heinrich Kühn , high school professor of philosophy
- Daniel Gralath , private scholar, later mayor
- Jacob Theodor Klein , City Secretary
- Adrian Gottlieb Söhner , teacher
- Paul Swietlicki , Polish preacher to St. John
- Heinrich Wilhelm von Rosenberg , Subsyndicus, later mayor
- Friedrich August Zorn von Plobsheim , private scholar
Honorary members
- Johann Reinhold Forster (1775)
- Johann Ernst Immanuel Walch
- Friedrich Heinrich Wilhelm Martini
- Alexander von Humboldt (1840)
Other members
- Nathanael from Wolf
- Michael Christoph Hanow
- Gottfried Lengnich
- Johann Jacob Mascov with his "History of the Teutschen"
- Johann Uphagen
- Eduard O'Rourke , first Catholic bishop of Gdansk, since 1922
Fonts
The society regularly published publications in which it reported on the latest scientific findings
- Experiments and Treatises of the Society of Natural Sciences
- Writings of the Natural Science Society
literature
- Eduard Schumann : History of the Natural Research Society in Danzig 1743-1892 , Leipzig 1893. (Festschrift to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the Natural Research Society in Danzig on January 2, 1893).
- Statute of the Natural Research Society of Gdansk , Gdansk 1834
- Main directory of all publications by the Natural Research Society since it was founded in 1743. ZDB -ID 1000240-6
- Marc Banditt: Scholars - Republic - Scholars Republic. The structural change of the natural science society in Danzig 1743 to 1820 and the Danzig Enlightenment . (5 figures, 3 diagrams, 1 map, 4 tables). Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 2018. ISBN 978-3-447-11147-8 .
Web links
history
- Towarzystwo Przyrodnicze Gedanopedia, with illustrations (Polish)
- History of the Danzig Natural Research Society by Peter Latkemann
Publications
- Publications of the natural science society WorldCat
- Publications of the Natural Research Society of the German Digital Library
- Writings of the Natural Research Society in Gdansk. NF 1. (1863/66) - 20. (1935/38)
The unprinted annual reports
("Acta Societatis Physicae experimentalis". Tle. 2-23. 1744-1792). [3] Digital version of 18 manuscript volumes with the handwritten annual reports, each of which is divided into 3 parts:
- Historia : minutes of the business ("extraordinary") meetings,
- Ephemeris : presentations on the lectures given in the regular meetings,
- Commentaries : Individual original manuscripts of lectures given.
Individual evidence
- ^ Eduard Schumann : History of the Natural Research Society in Danzig 1743-1892 , Leipzig 1893. (Festschrift to celebrate the 150th anniversary of the Natural Research Society in Danzig on January 2, 1893).
- ^ Catalog of the library of the natural research society in Danzig. Boenig, Danzig 1874. (Online: [1] ).
- ^ Eduard Schumann: History of the natural research society in Danzig 1743-1892. Leipzig 1893, p. 1 [2]
Coordinates: 54 ° 20 ′ 57 ″ N , 18 ° 39 ′ 24 ″ E