Naumannsiedlung

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Naumannsiedlung: Expressionist decoration based on a functional basic form

The Naumannsiedlung is a housing estate built between 1927 and 1929 by the Gemeinnützige Wohnungsgesellschaft AG according to plans by an architects' consortium under the direction of Manfred Faber in the Riehl district of Cologne . It got its name from the Naumannplatz in the middle of the settlement. Since 2011, the listed estate has been completely renovated and externally adjusted to its original condition.

location

The Naumannsiedlung is located on a pentagonal settlement plan that is delimited in the Riehl district by the streets Riehler Tal, Barbara-, Boltenstern- and Stammheimer Straße. The site was used as a brickworks and clay pit until the 1920s and therefore has large differences in height of up to two floors.

history

Starting in 1927, the Gemeinnützige Wohnungsbau AG (GAG) built a complex with 631 residential units on the site of the former Delfosse brickworks. The facility was intended for low-income aspirants for whom the Cologne Housing Office had to procure cheap and simple apartments. Working-class families with many children, whose members were employed by the Ford works and the Rhine cable works , moved into the so-called housing authority apartments .

The name of the complex was carried over from the Naumannplatz enclosed in the settlement, which was named after the ornithologist Johann Friedrich Naumann . GAG recruited the then renowned architect Manfred Faber , who was responsible for the design of the facility together with Hans Heinz Lüttgen , Otto Scheib and Fritz Fuß, to take over the architectural management. All architects were considered to be representatives of New Building .

The Naumannsiedlung was built in several construction phases. The first buildings were given a facade with an expressionist decoration. The last construction phase on Boltensternstrasse, on the other hand, was modeled as a cubic block, which - presumably for reasons of cost - dispensed with a more elaborate facade design and, in its serial window structure, approximated the international style . The apartments in the last phase of construction were provided with bathrooms throughout; In the first construction phases, all units had a toilet, but only the corner apartments had their own bathroom. In accordance with the ideal of non-profit, social housing, all apartments had a loggia that could be planted with greenery, so that the residents could have access to nature.

The settlement was only slightly damaged in World War II ; Over the decades, there has been a high level of living satisfaction with a very long period of residence (up to 50 years). Today it is a grown settlement with a predominantly medium-sized population. In 1995, the facility was placed under monument protection as an important example of housing development in the Weimar Republic .

In 2008, the GAG ​​began the extensive renovation of the ensemble, which should be completed by 2017. Because of numerous construction defects dating back to the 1920s, it is more expensive than a new construction would have been. In the course of the renovation, 156 additional residential units were created by converting the attic storeys, which were originally used as drying rooms, into maisonette apartments and setting up apartments on the garden side in the areas originally planned for parking spaces. This increases the total living space from 28,647 to 37,225 square meters. In January 2012, the German Foundation for Monument Protection recognized the renovation work in accordance with the requirements of the monument in the context of the awarding of the German Building Owner Award with a special award “Monument Protection in Housing”. The use of the small-scale façade structures from the years 1927–1929 in accordance with the listed buildings was particularly praised.

architecture

The architectural consortium gave the estate an overall urban plan that was judged to be exemplary. The 68 four- to five-storey houses, in exceptional cases also six-storey houses, are grouped around a kind of village square. The rows of houses partly follow the streets in an arch and were harmoniously connected to the old buildings, so that it was possible to optically integrate the settlement into the place. Green areas created good lighting conditions and adequate ventilation; The differences in height in the terrain caused by the former clay pit were tied into the overall complex with open stairs, gateways and bridges. The entrance areas were accentuated by building corner buildings with flat roofs as cubic residential towers. Some of the entrances are through gate buildings, which contributes to a closed overall impression, but at the same time creates additional living space through the overbuilding. From an urban planning point of view, the entire complex is now considered to be a successful settlement in a convenient location. Since the development on the edge of the main roads was closed, the interior of the settlement could be largely protected from traffic noise, giving it an almost village-like character.

  • Cubic residential tower

  • Village square

  • Stripe pillars and basket arch frames

  • Nose consoles

  • Red and white color accents

The architects Manfred Faber and Hans Heinz Lüttgen in particular ensured an expressionistically decorated facade design: the buildings were given a facade in red and white, with the white wall surfaces contrasting with the red lacquered lattice windows. The retracted canopies were also kept red. The 13 shops in the complex were given shop windows with arched frames. The pillars at the entrances and passages and the stairs were highlighted by a red and white stripe pattern. In the corner apartments, the windows were placed around the corner as suggested bay windows. Finally, the architects treated the entrances with particular care: some of them were decorated with brick, but mostly colored frames, and above them there are dungeon-like windows on nose consoles for accentuation. Overall, the architects endeavored to combine expressionist decoration with the functional basic form of New Building .

further reading

  • Markus Eckstein: Kulturpfade Köln, Nippes - Riehl - Bilderstöckchen - Mauenheim, Cologne 2010
  • Margit Euler: Cologne-Riehl, Das Naumannviertel - A settlement of the 20s ; from: Preservation of monuments in the Rhineland, vol. 14, no. 1, 1997, pp. 8-14
  • Werner Heinen, Annemarie Pfeffer: Cologne: settlements. Volume 1: 1888–1938 (= Stadtspuren - Monuments in Cologne. Vol. 10). JP Bachem, Cologne 1988, ISBN 3-7616-0929-9 , pp. 232-236.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Werner Heinen: Cologne: Siedlungen 1888-1938 , (Kölner Stadtspuren - Monuments in Cologne, Vol. 10), Cologne 1988, p. 232f
  2. ↑ Joachim Brokmeier: Cologne-Riehl, a district with a long tradition, Erfurt 2008, p. 13
  3. ^ GAG: The Naumannsiedlung
  4. ↑ Werner Heinen: Cologne: Siedlungen 1888-1938 , (Kölner Stadtspuren - Denkmäler in Köln, Vol. 10), Cologne 1988, p. 234f
  5. ↑ Werner Heinen: Cologne: Siedlungen 1888-1938 , (Kölner Stadtspuren - Denkmäler in Köln, Vol. 10), Cologne 1988, p. 234f
  6. ↑ Werner Heinen: Cologne: Siedlungen 1888–1938 , (Kölner Stadtspuren - Denkmäler in Köln, Vol. 10), Cologne 1988, p. 236
  7. ^ GAG: Naumannsiedlung
  8. ↑ Kathrin Möller: "Lich, Luff un Bäumcher" were just the beginning .
  9. ^ GAG: Naumannsiedlung
  10. ↑ Awards for monument protection in residential construction. In: Monuments . No. 1 - February 2012, p. 98.
  11. ↑ Markus Eckstein: Kulturpfade Köln, Nippes - Riehl - Bilderstöckchen - Nauenheim , Cologne 2010, p. 28
  12. ↑ Werner Heinen: Cologne: Siedlungen 1888–1938 , (Kölner Stadtspuren - Monuments in Cologne Vol. 10), Cologne 1988, p. 233
  13. ↑ Werner Heinen: Cologne: Siedlungen 1888–1938 , (Kölner Stadtspuren - Denkmäler in Köln Vol. 10), Cologne 1988, p. 236
  14. ↑ Markus Eckstein: Kulturpfade Köln, Nippes - Riehl - Bilderstöckchen - Nauenheim , Cologne 2010, p. 28

Web links

Commons : Naumannsiedlung  - collection of images, videos and audio files