Ford Germany

Ford-Werke GmbH
legal form	GmbH
founding	August 18, 1925
Seat	Cologne , Germany
management	Gunnar Herrmann (Chairman of the Management Board) Stuart Rowley (Chairman of the Board of Directors)
Branch	Automobile manufacturer
Website	www.ford.de

The Ford-Werke GmbH is a subsidiary of US-based Ford Motor Company . The logo is blue with white letters.

Ford development center and European parts distribution center in Cologne-Merkenich (August 2012)

In addition to the main plant in Cologne-Niehl (since 1998 also the headquarters of Ford of Europe ), where the Fiesta and the one-liter EcoBoost engines are built, the Saarlouis plant , which produces the Focus , and the test site near Lommel in Belgium belong to Ford Germany as well as the plant in Almussafes near Valencia (Spain) with its production of the models Mondeo , Galaxy , S-Max , Kuga , Transit Connect / Tourneo Connect and the two-liter EcoBoost engines.

After 51 years, the Belgian plant in Genk stopped production on December 18, 2014. Ford Europe locations are the Bridgend engine plant in Wales and the Ford Romania plant in Craiova (Romania), which produces the EcoSport , Puma and one-liter EcoBoost engines. After the Fiat plant in Tychy (Poland) had manufactured the Ka as a contractor from 2008, the successor Ka + for the European market has been rolling off the assembly line in the new plant in Sanand (India, Ahmedabad district ) since 2016 .

history

Foundation in Berlin

On August 17, 1925, the import ban on foreign automobiles issued in the German Reich in 1920 was lifted. On August 18, 1925, Ford Motor Company Aktiengesellschaft was entered in the commercial register of Berlin . From January 2, 1926 until 1931 , T-models were initially assembled from supplied parts at the Westhafen in Moabit .

High protective tariffs stood in the way of importing finished cars ; for “wrought iron parts” there was a lower tariff , the so-called “milk can tariff ”. The screwing together of cars from imported kits is called CPD, SPD or PKD (see Completely Knocked Down ); it is still practiced today.

Move to Cologne

On October 28, 1929, the Lord Mayor of Cologne , Konrad Adenauer, signed the contract for the construction of the Ford plant on a 170,000 square meter site in Cologne-Niehl , which was originally intended to be designed for an annual production of up to 250,000 vehicles and its construction was 12 million Reichsmarks cost. In 1930 the company's headquarters were relocated from Berlin to Cologne , where Henry Ford arrived on October 2, 1930 to lay the foundation stone . On May 4, 1931, production of the Model A started with 619 employees . Just three weeks after opening, the plant closed due to the global economic crisis . Shortly thereafter, however, production was resumed; In 1931 more than 6,000 vehicles rolled off the assembly line. In 1932 the Ford Model B (second generation) was introduced in the USA; In the summer of 1932, the first Ford B rolled off the production line in Cologne under the name "Ford Rheinland".

In the time of National Socialism

Ford Air Force truck (1943)

In the German Reich built Ford cars were marked from 1933 as "German product"

In 1932 the first Ford Cologne rolled off the assembly line ; This was followed in 1935 by the Ford Eifel , of which around 62,000 vehicles had been built by the start of the war. In the 1930s, Ford was fourth in the registration statistics behind Opel , Auto Union and Daimler-Benz . As the successor to the Ford Eifel, the Taunus G93A ("Buckeltaunus") came onto the market in 1939 . Shortly afterwards, due to government pressure, Ford had to stop the production of private cars and only manufactured vehicles for the Wehrmacht .

From 1939 Ford Germany traded as Ford-Werke AG . During the Second World War , Ford plants in Germany (Cologne and Berlin-Johannisthal ( Ambi-Budd )), the Netherlands ( Amsterdam ) and France ( Automobilwerk Poissy of the Ford Société Anonyme and, as a subcontractor, the Société des Usines Chausson in Gennevilliers ) produced many vehicles of the German Wehrmacht, especially trucks ( type B / V 3000 ), heavy unit cars and half-track vehicles ( "mules" ). Ford said it had lost control of the German plants, arguably to get rid of the blemish that his company might have benefited from World War II on both sides of the Atlantic. The fact is that until Germany declared war on the USA in December 1941, almost half of the shares were in German hands and from that point on the works were administered by the Reich Commissioner for the Treatment of Enemy Property - Johannes Krohn . The rulers in the Third Reich forbade the use of the Ford logo; instead, during and shortly after the Second World War, the Cologne Cathedral was emblazoned on the grille of Ford models. When the aerial warfare of the Second World War was increasingly fought against industrial plants by British and American armed forces from 1943 onwards, the Ford works in Cologne also came into their sights. An attack on October 18, 1944 primarily affected the test site and workers' accommodation. The factories only suffered major damage when the Americans marched in, when the German artillery opened fire on the opposite side of the Rhine.

According to the Ford Motor Company Archives , foreign workers from Eastern and Western Europe (mostly forced laborers : prisoners of war , Italian military internees and prisoners from the Buchenwald concentration camp ) were used to work in the German Ford factories .

post war period

First Ford Taunus on November 23, 1948 in Cologne

Share over DM 100 in Ford-Werke AG from August 1950

Ford logo from 1950

Ford plant in Saarlouis

Ford Research Center in Aachen

On the day of the German surrender , the production of trucks, engines and spare parts started again. Cars were not allowed to be produced; according to the Allied agreement, this was initially reserved exclusively for the British. From November 1948, Ford restored the pre-war model of the “Buckeltaunus” in Cologne . The first German Ford redesign after the Second World War, the "Weltkugeltaunus" (Taunus 12M - Meisterstück), followed in January 1952. In 1958, 128,000 vehicles were produced for the first time, a six-digit production figure Cologne. An acute labor shortage prompted Ford to recruit Turkish guest workers in the early 1960s . The IG Metall responded to the below-average trade union organization degree with a targeted campaign: the Ford action (1960 to 1966). Since there was no longer enough space in the Cologne production halls and the purchase of a new factory site in the Ruhr area failed, Ford built a new factory near the small Belgian town of Genk ; In the mid-1960s, a new test site was added in Lommel, Belgium . In 1965, more than 500,000 vehicles were produced for the first time; In the same year the company opened a new research center in Cologne-Merkenich . 1967 Ford Germany was transferred together with Ford of Britain in Ford of Europe . The headquarters remained in Cologne, the management resided from 1966 to the mid-1980s in the so-called “Ford high-rise” in Cologne-Deutz . In 1970 the factory opened in Saarlouis.

In 1972 Ford had 54,300 employees and an annual turnover of 5.8 billion DM . From August 24 to 30, 1973, there was a wildcat strike at the Ford plant in Cologne , with which mainly Turkish workers fought against the dismissal of 300 colleagues without notice, against high line speeds and for higher wages. In 1990 the company had 50,100 employees in Germany and the annual turnover was 20.754 billion DM. On October 20, 1977, a major fire destroyed around 75% of the central Ford spare parts warehouse in Cologne-Merkenich and caused damage of 370 million marks. It was the largest single loss in the history of German fire insurance . With the help of the other European Ford spare parts centers and the preserved data center, parts deliveries could be resumed just two days after the fire; however, many parts for older car model series have not been available since then. In 1994 the Ford Research Center (FFA) was established in Aachen , where around 250 employees work on the development of alternative drives, new generations of engines and active chassis systems such as vehicle-to-vehicle communication. It is the Ford Group's only research center outside of Detroit.

From stock corporation to GmbH

Today's Ford-Werke GmbH emerged from the transformation of the legal form into a limited liability company on November 26, 2004. This took place after minority shareholders were excluded (" squeeze-out ") in 2002, in which Ford Deutschland Holding GmbH took over Acquired 95% of the shares in the German Ford-Werke-AG shares.

At the end of 2004, Ford had around 28,000 employees in Germany. In October 2009 there were over 17,000 employees in Cologne and 6,500 in Saarlouis. A total of around 29,000 people worked for Ford-Werke GmbH , which produced over a million vehicles a year and in 2008 had an annual turnover of 19.762 billion euros. In the immediate vicinity of the production facilities in Cologne and Saarlouis, a number of suppliers have settled in industrial parks (e.g. Benteler, Faurecia , Lear, HL Logistics, Ferrostaal Automotive), each of which has a further 2,000 employees.

In 2015, Ford was the third largest US employer in Germany with 25,426 employees. After heavy losses in 2018, the headquarters of Ford Europe in Cologne announced plant closings and a downsizing of 12,000 employees, with 3,200 of the 5,400 jobs to be cut in Germany by July 2019. By the end of 2019, the downsizing had progressed to 4,000; 1000 employees are meanwhile (as of December 2019) on short-time work, especially in prototype and tool construction, as there is a lack of new models and the production of the street scooter is paused.

commercial vehicles

Truck production in Germany, which began in Berlin in 1926 and was relocated to Cologne in 1931, was discontinued in 1961 due to chronically falling sales. In particular, the valveless two-stroke diesel engines newly developed by Ford in 1955 failed to convince customers, as they were technically not yet fully developed when they came onto the market, and as a result they thoroughly ruined the good reputation of Ford trucks. The attempts made from the 1970s to regain a foothold in Germany with trucks manufactured abroad (e.g. Ford Transcontinental (from 1975) and Ford Cargo (from 1981)) were unsuccessful, so that Ford stayed here again until 1996 withdrew from the market for heavy trucks ( see also main article Ford Commercial Vehicles ).

New registrations of Ford cars in Germany

year	units	Market share
2019	279.719	7.80%
2018	252,323	7.30%
2017	246,589	7.20%
2016	239,766	7.20%
2015	224,579	7.00%
2014	209.131	6.90%
2013	197,794	6.70%
2012	206.128	6.70%
2011	230.939	7.30%
2010	198.156	6.79%
2009	290,620	7.63%
2008	217,305	7.03%
2007	213.873	6.79%
2006	243,845	7.03%
2005	246.814	7.38%
2004	243.930	7.47%
2003	235.279	7.27%

New registrations of Ford cars in the German Reich from 1933 to 1938

year	Registration numbers
1933	3,996
1934	6,699
1935	8,087
1936	11,721
1937	16,139
1938	17,366

Timeline of the European Ford models

Timeline of the European Ford models since 1945
Type	1940s					1950s										1960s										1970s										1980s										1990s										2000s										2010s										2020s
	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0	1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th	8th	9	0
Microcar																																																				Ka													Ka							Ka +
																																																											Streetka
Small car																																Fiesta I								Fiesta II					Fiesta III							Fiesta IV			Fiesta V			Fiesta VI						Fiesta VII									Fiesta VIII
																																																					puma
Compact class									Popular 103E							/ 100E															Popular
	… Anglia E04A / E494A								Anglia / Escort 100E							Anglia 105E / 123E								Escort I							Escort II						Escort III / IV									Escort V / VI / VII / Classic
	... Prefect E93A / E493A									Prefect / Squire 100E / 107E																													Orion I								Orion II							Focus I						Focus II							Focus III							Focus IV
Middle class				Taunus G73A				Taunus P1 (G13)										Taunus P4				P6				Taunus TC												Sierra											Mondeo I				Mondeo II				Mondeo III						Mondeo IV							Mondeo V
						Consul I						Consul II						Cortina I				Cortina II				Cortina III						Cortina IV / V
																	Consul Classic			Corsair
upper middle class			pilot				Zephyr I						Zephyr II					Zephyr III					Zephyr IV					Consul
													P2			P3				P5			P7
						Vedette																						Granada I						Granada II							Scorpio I									Scorpio II
										Zodiac I.			Zodiac II					Zodiac III					Zodiac IV
Sports car							Comète										Consul Capri							Capri I						Capri II				Capri II											sample										Cougar
																				Mustang / T5										Mustang / T5 II																																									Mustang VI
																						GT40	GT40																RS200																					GT													GT
Minivan																																																										fusion										B-MAX
Compact van																																																											Focus C-MAX / C-MAX I.								C-MAX II
Van																																																			Wind star											S-MAX									S-MAX II
																																																			Galaxy I											Galaxy II									Galaxy III
SUV																																																																						EcoSport
																																																																											puma
																																																	Maverick I								Maverick II							Kuga I.					Kuga II						Kuga III
																																																																												Mustang Mach-E
																																																																								Edge II
																																																	Explorer II																										Explorer VI
Pick up																																																						ranger								ranger						Ranger (T6)
High roof combination / van																																															Courier																							Transit Courier
	Fordson E04C / Thames E494C									Thames 300E								Thames 307E						Escort Van I / II													Escort Express III / VI										Escort Express / Express V / VI / VII												Transit Connect I.										Transit Connect II
Vans	… Fordson / Thames E83W												Thames 400E								Transit II													Transit III									Transit IV														Transit V						Transit VI							Transit Custom
									FK 1000 / Taunus Transit																																																														Transit VII
built by Ford France SA, taken over by Simca from 1954 built by Ford in Cologne, until 1967 as the Taunus brand Built by Ford of Britain, van until 1950 as Fordson , then as Ford Thames  from 1967: Ford of Europe  on Ford Global Platform as a world car in Europe, America and possibly other markets Ford of Europe together with VW Ford of Europe together with Nissan Ford of Europe together with Fiat Ford together with Mazda  also offered by Ford USA in Europe

Type overview of Ford cars in Europe

Construction period Produced vehicles	model series	annotation	image
Microcar
1996-2008 1,400,000	Ka	First generation of the small car from Ford. The basis was the Fiesta '96.
2003-2005 37,000	StreetKa	Two-seater convertible based on the first Ka.
2008-2016	Ka	Second generation of the small car based on the 2007 new Fiat 500 .
2016-2020	Ka	With the third Ka generation, Ford uses the so-called B platform, on which the B-Max, EcoSport and Fiesta models are also based. Similar to Fiesta and Focus, it is offered as a world car in almost identical versions in many markets.
Small car
1976-1983	Fiesta '76 / '82	The first generation of the small Ford car started in the spring of 1976. In mid-1981 it was slightly revised, e.g. B. Steel bumpers with plastic corners instead of chrome bumpers.
1983-1989	Fiesta '84	The second generation came from the summer of 1983 with a rounded front, different interior fittings and significantly improved technology. In addition, a diesel engine and a regulated catalytic converter were available for the first time.
1989-1996	Fiesta '89	New development with modern chassis, new engines and many technical innovations such as ABS, power steering, airbag and air conditioning. The Fiesta '89 was offered in parallel to its successor, which appeared in autumn 1995, as an affordable entry-level Classic until summer 1996 .
1995-2001	Fiesta '96 / '99	The fourth generation had largely the same floor pan, but differed from its predecessor in terms of a new body shape, new interior and new engines. With the facelift in late summer 1999, which brought changed headlights and redesigned radiator grille to match the new New Edge design , Ford was the fifth generation to introduce the Fiesta. Both vehicles were also available as Mazda 121.
2001-2008	Fiesta '02 / '05	Sixth generation, completely redesigned, now with modern direct injection diesel engines. As with the Focus, there was also a sport version with the addition ST . A facelift followed in autumn 2005.
2008-2017	Fiesta '09	Seventh generation. Parts of the floor pan, the chassis and some technical parts were taken over from the predecessor, the rest was newly developed. The Verve study , on which the design features of the series vehicle are based, served as the basis . Has been used as the Ford Fiesta RS WRC in the World Rally Championship since 2011 . A facelift followed in autumn 2012, which brought the Fiesta a modified shape and technical innovations.
since 2017	Fiesta '17	The eighth generation came on the market in September 2017. The following equipment options are available: Trend, Cool & Connect, Titanium, ST-Line, Active and Vignale. The eighth generation Fiesta is optionally equipped with LED headlights. The Fiesta ST will be sold from autumn 2018. The engine of the Fiesta ST gets a 3-cylinder with cylinder deactivation and makes 200PS. As standard, the Fiesta ST has a flap exhaust system, different driving modes and a mechanical differential lock can be ordered as an option.
Minivan
2002–2012	fusion	A minivan based on the Fiesta '02. Like this one, it received a facelift in autumn 2005.
2012-2017	B-MAX	A minivan based on the Fiesta '09. Compared to its predecessor, Fusion , the B-MAX does not have B-pillars, which makes it easier to get into the rear.
Compact class
1967-1974 2,140,000	Escort '68	The "Dog Bone" Escort, developed in Great Britain as the successor to the Anglia, was produced from the end of 1967 and offered as a sedan and station wagon. From 1973 it was also available as the RS 2000 with 100 hp.
1974-1980 1,607,000	Escort '75	Revised body with a new radiator grille and the technology of the predecessor. The RS1800 was the basis for the world championship cars by Björn Waldegård and Ari Vatanen .
1980-1985	Escort '81	Completely redesigned with transverse engine and front-wheel drive. In 1983 the five-door tournament followed, the notchback with the name Orion and the convertible . Three sport versions ( XR3 (i) , RS1600i and RS Turbo ) were also on offer.
1983-1985	Orion '83	Four-door notchback version of the '81 Escort. The name Orion and small changes in appearance made it appear as a separate model.
1986-1990	Escort '86	At the beginning of 1986 there was a major facelift (body and interior) with a lot of technical innovations. Many body parts were changed, passive safety increased and rust prevention, the chassis and the engines improved. Some engine variants were now also available with a G-Kat. The interior has been redesigned and matched to that of the Sierra and Scorpio. The XR3i and the RS Turbo were still the top models in the series.
1986-1990	Orion '86	Escort '86 with notchback. Here, too, the front, with a slightly changed geometric shape of the radiator grille, indicated the Orion, which was positioned by Ford as an independent one.
1990-1995	Escort '91 / '93	Redeveloped with a new floor pan and a different rear axle. For the first time, modern 16-valve motors are available with the Zetec and the RS2000. The top model is the RS Cosworth , which, as a homologation model for rallying, has the Sierra's floor pan and all-wheel drive. In autumn 1992, the series was refreshed with a facelift.
1990-1993	Orion '91	Simultaneously released notchback version of the Escort '91. This Orion also got the facelift parallel to the Escort '93 in autumn 1992. From the beginning of 1994 he was offered as an escort.
1995-2000	Escort '95	Last and extensive facelift of the Escort '91. The five-door hatchback and the tournament were built for two years from October 1998 as the Escort Classic alongside the successor Focus.
1998-2004	Focus '98	In autumn 1998 the successor to the Escort appeared in the New Edge design and was the best-selling car model worldwide in 2000 and 2001. Initially it was introduced as a three- or five-door hatchback, while the notchback and tournament followed in early 1999. The vehicle was used as the Ford Focus WRC in the World Rally Championship from 1999 . A facelift was carried out in autumn 2001.
2004-2010	Focus '04	In autumn 2004 Ford presented the second generation of the Focus. The variety of bodies was also great here, although in early 2007 it was expanded to include a coupé-convertible, which became the first open Ford in the compact class since the Escort convertible, which was discontinued in 1998. At the end of 2007, all models in the series were given a facelift.
2011-2018	Focus '11	The third generation of the compact car introduced in both Europe and the USA. The body variety is limited to a five-door hatchback, a notchback and the Kombi tournament . As a further innovation, new EcoBoost motors were introduced in spring 2012. They have a turbocharger and direct gasoline injection. In autumn 2014 it was modernized externally and technically.
since 2018	Focus '18	The fourth generation was presented in April 2018. The fourth generation will again be available as a hatchback, tournament and notchback. The ST-Line, Titanium, Vignale and Active (crossover model) equipment variants were presented at the presentation, the ST sports model followed about a year later. For the first time, the Focus can be ordered with a head-up display. The Focus '18 should also be available again as an RS.
Middle class
1939-1942 / 1948-1952	Taunus G93A	The "humpback Taunus". A mid-range car that was offered between the small Ford Eifel and the large Ford V8. A design was chosen in which the body is welded to the frame. Stylistically, it was based on the American Lincoln Zephyr .
1952-1959 375,116	Taunus 12M / 15M	The "Weltkugeltaunus" with the engine of its predecessor. From 1955 with a new 1.5-liter engine also available as a 15m. Other body versions were convertible, tournament and panel van.
1959–1962 245,614	Taunus 12M	Revised edition of the "globe" model, which was also called "Streifentaunus". The Taunus 12M Super also has a 1.5-liter engine.
1962-1966 672,295	Taunus 12M (P4)	First front-wheel drive Ford. Developed under the name Ford Cardinal in the USA for the local market as a competitor to the VW Beetle, but was later produced in Cologne. In addition to a limousine, they are also available as a convertible, coupé and tournament.
1966-1970 668.187	Taunus 12M / 15M (P6)	Successor to the P4 with the same V4 engines and front-wheel drive. Until August 1967 the cars were called "Taunus" 12M / 15M, after that the addition "Taunus" was dropped and they were called 12M / 15M. In addition to a two- or four-door sedan, it was also available as a coupé and tournament.
1970-1975	Taunus TC '71 / '74	The Taunus TC came onto the market together with its British sister model Cortina and is therefore called Taunus TC . Also called “Knudsen-Taunus” because of the characteristic front section, which was initiated by the then Ford CEO Semon E. Knudsen. New engines and change to rear-wheel drive. Also as a coupé and tournament.
1976-1982	Taunus TC '76 / '80	From the beginning of 1976 externally streamlined model with the technology of the "Knudsen-Taunus". The coupé was omitted and the equipment was renamed. A revision followed in autumn 1979. The TC '80 had a new body, although it looked almost the same.
1982-1986	Sierra '82	More modern body and better chassis with the engines of the predecessor Taunus TC '80. From late summer 1982, only the five-door hatchback was initially available. The tournament followed at the end of 1982 and in the summer of 1983 the three-door hatchback. The P100 pick-up was also available for some markets. Sporty models were the XR4i , the all-wheel-drive model XR4x4 and the RS Cosworth .
1987-1993	Sierra '87 / '90	In addition to the hatchback and station wagon version, the second generation, presented in early 1987, was also available for the first time as a classic notchback version in order to win back conservative customers. In the spring of 1990 there was a facelift and the introduction of a more modern 1.8-liter diesel engine.
1993-1996	Mondeo '93	The world car from Ford with a transversely installed engine and front-wheel drive. Body versions: hatchback and notchback sedans and station wagons.
1996-2000	Mondeo '97	Externally heavily revised variant of the first generation, which is managed as a second series due to the larger differences. Although designed as a “world car”, the Mondeo was never able to establish itself outside of Europe. The sporty variant ST200 followed in 1999 as a notchback and station wagon.
2000-2007	Mondeo '01	Completely redeveloped with extensive improvements and new engines. The new edge design was used for the first time. In the middle of 2003 and in autumn 2005, small changes to the appearance and technology were made.
2007-2014	Mondeo '07	The fourth generation is based on the same platform as the Galaxy, which was renewed in the spring of 2006, and its sporty offshoot S-Max and has grown considerably in all dimensions. At the end of 2010, the Mondeo was revised and, in addition to the daytime running lights, also got two new engines with direct petrol injection and turbochargers.
since 2014	Mondeo '13	With a one-year delay due to the closure of the Belgian plant in Genk in the summer of 2014, the fifth generation of the Mondeo was launched in early 2015. In addition to the new EcoBoost petrol engines with 1.5 and 2.0 l, the Mondeo also offers a hybrid drive with a displacement of two liters for the first time. The Vignale , which appeared in autumn 2015, is the luxurious top model in the range . As for the body variants, sedans with hatchbacks or notchbacks and a station wagon are still available.
upper middle class
1957-1960 239,987	Taunus 17M (P2)	The Ford P2 was the second new construction of a car after the Second World War, which was produced by the German Ford works after the smaller "Weltkugeltaunus" Ford G13 / G4B. Because of its shape it was also called "Baroque Taunus".
1960-1964 669,731	Taunus 17M (P3)	Ford's new "line of reason" was a design milestone. Also known by the nickname "Bathtub".
1964-1967 710.059	Taunus 17M / 20M (P5)	The successor to the P3 was also available as a 20m with a V6 engine.
1967-1971 723,262	17M / 20M / 26M (P7)	With a new body and the engines of the P5. For the first time the name "Ford" was used instead of "Taunus".
1972-1975	Consul	Economy version of the Granada, mostly with a V4 engine, and as a tournament the largest in its class. In autumn 1975 Ford gave up the name Consul, all versions were now called Granada.
1972-1977 850,000	Granada '72 / '75	Successor to the Ford 20M / 26M (P7). The body variants included two and four-door sedans, a coupe and the practical tournament. In autumn 1975 the front was redesigned (less chrome trim). In addition, four-cylinder engines were now on offer after the Consul was discontinued.
1977–1985 770,000	Granada '78 / '82	The second Granada in smooth form. The body variants were now limited to sedans and station wagons. The coupé was omitted, its replacement was the two-door sedan. In the late summer of 1981 the Granada was revised and the two-door model disappeared with it. The end of the series came in early 1985.
1985-1994	Scorpio '85	Successor to Granada. Atypical for its class, it was only built as a hatchback for a long time, which, after an initially good start in March 1985, did not sustain sales despite the generous amount of space and good safety equipment. A notchback sedan followed at the end of 1989 and the tournament wagon version only at the beginning of 1992 .
1994-1998	Scorpio '95	In autumn 1994 the new Scorpio '95 followed with an American-inspired design, with the sideline of the predecessor being retained. However, only the station wagon brought satisfactory sales figures, which is why it was revised in the late summer of 1997. After a total of almost four years, the Scorpio was discontinued in the summer of 1998 and was no longer replaced.
Coupé / convertible
since 1964	mustang	Sports coupe from the USA. Sold as T5 in Germany for legal reasons (import only). The fifth generation has been available since 2004, stylistically based on the original from 1964 and revised in 2009 (see picture).
1967–1968 about 2,200	OSI-Ford 20 M TS	Sports coupé based on Taunus P5 technology with Gran Turismo body from Officine Stampaggi Industriali , OSI for short
1968-1973 784,000	Capri / Capri '73	Sports coupé based on the British Cortina (the German Taunus still had front-wheel drive). A slight revision followed in autumn 1972.
1974-1977	Capri II / Capri II '76	Redesigned and technically improved Capri, now with a large tailgate. A slight facelift followed in mid-1976.
1978-1986	Capri II '78	Extensive modifications were made to the sports coupé in the spring of 1978. The Capri now also received an injection engine and a turbo version with a carburetor that developed up to 188 hp. From the end of 1984 the Capri was only sold in Great Britain, but continued to roll off the production line in Cologne (right-hand drive) until the end of 1986.
1983-1986 200	RS200	Homologation model for Group B of the World Rally Championship . 200 units were necessary for the homologation, but only about 140 ready-to-drive units were built.
1988-1992	Sample '89	A sports car that was initially only introduced to the US market. From the end of 1990 Ford (USA) also exported the vehicles to Europe and equipped them with yellow indicators, among other things. The '89 Probe was a joint product between Ford and Mazda. Its basis was the coupe version of the Mazda 626 (Japan: Mazda MX-6).
1992-1997	Rehearsal '93	Second edition of the US sports car, which was also based on the MX-6. Initially, there was only a 2.5 liter V6 petrol engine on offer, which was followed by a two-liter 16V petrol engine at the end of 1993.
1997-2001	puma	The small coupe is based on the Fiesta '96. There were three engines from 1.4 to 1.7 liters displacement on offer.
1998-2002 230,000	Cougar	Sports coupé based on the Mondeo '97. In the USA as Mercury , but because of the low level of awareness of the company in Europe, sold as Ford.
High roof combination
2002-2013	Tourneo Connect	Combination version of the delivery van with a long wheelbase and high roof.
since 2013	Ford Tourneo Connect II	The successor to the first Tourneo Connect was introduced at the beginning of 2014 and now has a more modern design and modern engines.
since 2014	Ford Transit Courier	Small high-roof station wagon that, contrary to the name, is not based on the Ford Transit and the Transit Custom derived from it, but on the platform of the Fiesta and the minivan B-MAX.
Compact van
2003-2010	Focus C-MAX	A compact van based on the Focus II, which was called the Focus C-Max until the facelift in 2007.
2010-2019	C-MAX / Grand C-MAX '10	Second generation of the compact van, also available in a larger version with sliding doors at the rear as the Grand C-MAX. As in the Focus '11, the new EcoBoost motors are also finding their way into the C-MAX, with an output of up to 134 kW.
Van
1995-2006	Galaxy '95	Big family van, nearly identical with VW Sharan I and Seat Alhambra I . The facelift carried out in the spring of 2000 brought new headlights and rear lights in the style of the New Edge design.
1995-2003	Wind star	A large US van from Ford that was only sold in Europe from 1998 to 2002.
2006-2015	Galaxy '06	The second generation is now a Ford in-house development in the kinetic design of the Mondeo '07.
2006-2015	S-MAX	The S-Max is the shorter, lower and sportier van compared to the Galaxy. The engines available are identical, but the 2.5l five-cylinder turbo from the Mondeo '07 with 162 kW is also available.
since 2015	Galaxy '15	The third generation is again an in-house development. In 2019 the Galaxy underwent a facelift.
2006-2015	S-MAX	The second generation of the S-MAX was introduced in 2015. In 2019 it was visually revised.
Off-road vehicle
1993-1998	Maverick '93	The first Maverick was an off-road vehicle based on the Nissan Terrano II .
since 1990	Explorer	A larger off-road vehicle that was also sold in Europe from 1993 to 2001.
since 1982	ranger	A pickup that appears in the USA with a different design. Four generations of the Ranger have been produced so far. The current version (on the market since 1998) received a facelift in 2009.
Sports utility vehicle
2000-2007	Maverick '01	The second Maverick generation followed in autumn 2000 and has now been classified as an SUV. It was based on the North American Ford Escape I and also shared its platform with the Mazda Tribute .
since 2003	EcoSport	This mini SUV has been rolling off the assembly line in Brazil since 2003. The second edition, which has been in production since spring 2012, was launched in Europe in mid-2014.
2008–2012	Kuga '08	A Focus-based SUV. It was developed in Cologne and is being built in Saarlouis.
2012-2019	Kuga '13	The introduction of the second generation of the Kuga began in March 2013. It is based on the third edition of the Ford Escape , which is only available in the USA.
since 2016	Edge	The second generation of the Ford Edge has also been available in Europe since early summer 2016.
since 2019	puma	The Puma has been available since September 2019. It is positioned between EcoSport and Kuga.
since 2019	Kuga '20	The third generation of the Kuga has been available to order since September 2019.
from 2020	Mustang Mach-E	Battery-electric powered SUV, which will be available from 2020.

Web links

Commons : Ford Deutschland  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Ford Germany
• Early documents and newspaper articles on Ford Germany in the 20th century press kit of the ZBW - Leibniz Information Center for Economics .

literature

• Joachim Kuch: Ford in Germany since 1925 . Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-613-02345-8 .
• Christian Steiger: Ford passenger car since 1945, type compass . Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 3-613-02692-9 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Last working day at Ford in Genk on flanderninfo.be
2. ^ Automobile Club of Germany: In the rear-view mirror: Knutschkugel in Kinetic Design . December 13, 2017 ( avd.de [accessed March 16, 2018]).
3. ↑ ^{a b} Ford press release: 80 years ago, the settlement of the Ford works in Cologne was agreed. (No longer available online.) October 2009, formerly in the original ; Retrieved October 23, 2009 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
4. ↑ Ford press release: 80 years of Ford production in Cologne: From A-Model to Ford Fiesta. (No longer available online.) May 2, 2011, formerly in the original ; Retrieved May 10, 2011 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.    
5. ↑ Car logos and what they mean
6. ^ Adkins, Elisabeth: "The war years" in Ford moves / (Ed .: Ford-Werke AG, public relations), 1st edition - Delius-Klasing-Verlag, Bielefeld 2000, p. 32ff
7. ↑ Ford Motor Company Archives: Results of the investigations into the Ford works under National Socialism - summary of the report ( PDF  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to instructions and then remove this notice. )  
8. ↑ Entry on the Ford high-rise in Deutz in the " KuLaDig " database of the Rhineland Regional Council , accessed on February 15, 2017.
9. ↑ Chronicle of Ford
10. ^ Ford press release: Ford-Werke GmbH: Largest German company with a US parent company. (No longer available online.) September 25, 2009, archived from the original on October 4, 2009 ; Retrieved October 23, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
11. ↑ Faster, more flexible and environmentally friendly: Ten years of the Ford Saarlouis industrial park. Retrieved August 19, 2016 . 
12. ↑ Yearbook 2017 of AmCham Germany
13. ↑ Ford gives details of job cuts , Tagesschau June 27, 2019
14. ↑ We are on the right track in Kölnische Rundschau December 10, 2019, production break for the Streetscooter at Ford , November 15, 2019, General Anzeiger
15. ↑ Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA)
16. ^ Hans Christoph von Seherr-Thoss : The German automobile industry. Documentation from 1886 until today . Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN 3-421-02284-4 , p. 328 .
17. ↑ www.presseportal.ch: Three million Ford Focus produced in Europe. (No longer available online.) February 26, 2004, archived from the original on October 18, 2009 ; Retrieved February 21, 2009 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.