Ford Anglia

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The Ford Anglia is a small car that Ford of Britain produced in four generations from 1940 to 1967. The simply constructed cars, only available as two-door models in Great Britain, were each in the lower price segment and could be sold successfully. Derivatives of the Anglia were marketed in Great Britain as Ford Prefect , Ford Popular and Ford Thames , among others . In Australia and New Zealand, the local Ford subsidiary offered a range of sedans under the name Anglia, which were similar to the British models, but not entirely identical to them.

British Anglias

Anglia E04A

1st generation
Ford Anglia A04A

Ford Anglia A04A
Production period: 1940-1948
Body versions : Limousine , station wagon
Engines: Otto engines 1.0–1.2 liters
Length: 3861 mm
Width: 1448 mm
Height: 1600 mm
Wheelbase : 2286 mm
Empty weight : 750 kg

The first Ford Anglia was presented in October 1939. It bears the internal designation E04A. The sales name Anglia is the neo-Latin name for England . The Anglia was based on the 1938 Ford Eight (7Y), which in turn was based on the 1932 Model Y. The Anglia was a very simple car even by the standards of the time and was one of the most affordable British vehicles of its time.

The Anglia E04A has a standard body that was designed as a two-door sedan. Ford sold a slightly longer, but stylistically and technically identical four-door version under the name Prefect (E93A). In keeping with the design typical of the time, both models have a high, almost vertical radiator grille. From her the term Upright is derived , with which this Anglia generation and their immediate successor are unofficially designated. The cars sold in Great Britain are powered by a side-controlled inline four-cylinder engine with 933 cm³ displacement and an output of 23 bhp (17 kW; 23 hp). In some export markets, including the USA, a larger version with 1172 cc was also available, which made 30 bhp (22 kW; 30 PS). The power is transmitted by a manual three-speed gearbox, the two highest gears of which are synchronized .

Series production of the Anglia began in the spring of 1940. Due to the war , it was interrupted two years later before production was resumed in the summer of 1945. By October 1948 around 55,807 vehicles of the first Anglia series had been built.

Anglia E494A

2nd generation
Ford Anglia E494A

Ford Anglia E494A
Production period: 1948-1953
Body versions : limousine
Engines: Otto engines 1.0–1.2 liters
Length: 3912 mm
Width: 1448 mm
Height: 1600 mm
Wheelbase : 2286 mm
Empty weight :

The second version of the Ford Anglia (factory designation E494A) appeared in autumn 1948. It is a stylistically revised version of the previous model. The body of the two-door model, the four-door version of which was again sold as Prefect, largely corresponds to that of the Anglia E04A. The main distinguishing feature is the more sloping and rounded radiator grille. As with the previous model, only the 1.0-liter four-cylinder engine was available in Great Britain, while export models had the 1.2-liter version. There were no increases in performance. When it was launched, the Anglia E494A was the cheapest British-made passenger car. By 1953, 108,878 Anglias had been built.

After Ford introduced the third version of the Anglia in the fall of 1953, the company continued production of the old E494A unchanged. The model has now been sold as the Ford Popular. It remained in the program in this form until October 1959.

Anglia 100E

3rd generation
Ford Anglia 100E

Ford Anglia 100E
Production period: 1953-1959
Body versions : Limousine , station wagon
Engines: Petrol engines
Length: 3854 mm
Width: 1537 mm
Height: 1454 mm
Wheelbase : 2210 mm
Empty weight : 737 kg

The third edition of the model series appeared in 1953. It bears the internal designation 100E, the left-hand drive models are called 101E. In this generation, too, the two-door notchback sedan was sold as the Anglia and the four-door version as the Prefect.

The 100E has a newly designed self-supporting body made of sheet steel. The front wheels are individually suspended on MacPherson struts and wishbones , while the rear is a rigid axle on leaf springs with telescopic shock absorbers. The hydraulically operated brake has four drums, front duplex brakes with two contacting brake shoes. The steering gear works with a worm and steering finger.

The 1.2-liter four-cylinder engine develops 36 bhp (27 kW; 36 hp) at 4500 rpm. It can deliver its maximum torque of 52 lbs ft (70 Nm) at 2500 rpm. It was a largely redesigned version of the same size engine from its predecessor. The outdated side- mounted valves were taken over , the three crankshaft bearings were dimensioned somewhat larger. The power is transmitted as standard by a manual three-speed gearbox whose second and third gear are synchronized; a semi -automatic called Manumatic was optionally available. The style of the body of the Anglia 100E is reminiscent of the shape of the first Ford Zephyr from 1951. The body has the modern pontoon shape with a rounded roof structure at the time of its creation . In the course of the production period there were only a few stylistic changes: in 1957 the radiator grille and the headlight surround were redesigned. The Anglia 100E reached a top speed of 70.2 mph (113 km / h) and accelerated from 0 to 60 mph (97 km / h) in 29.4 seconds. It was far more commercially successful than its predecessor. In just over six years, 345,841 Anglia 100E were built.

The basic construction of the 100E was produced in different body styles. In addition to the two-door Anglia and the four-door Ford Prefect with notchback, there was a three-door station wagon with glazed side panels, which was sold in a basic version as the Ford Escort and a higher-quality version as the Ford Squire . A commercial vehicle with metal-clad rear side panels, which Ford marketed under the name Thames 300E, was derived from it.

In the fall of 1959, Ford introduced the redesigned Anglia 105E. The old two-door 100E continued to be produced for two years and sold as the Ford Popular , although it got the drive unit of the Anglia 105E. The Popular was offered at a lower price than the new Anglia 105E. It was the cheapest model from Ford of Britain until 1962. This role was then taken over by the basic version of the Anglia 105E.

Anglia 105E

4th generation
Ford Anglia 105E

Ford Anglia 105E
Production period: 1959-1967
Body versions : Limousine , station wagon
Engines:
Petrol engines : 1.0–1.2 liters
Length: 3912 mm
Width: 1422 mm
Height: 1442 mm
Wheelbase : 2299 mm
Empty weight : 797 kg

The last generation of the Anglia appeared in October 1959. It was initially only available as a two-door notchback sedan; In 1961 a three-door station wagon ( Estate ) and a commercial vehicle were added. Four-door models, on the other hand, were only available in the Prefect 100E , Consul Mark II and Consul Classic series .

The new two-door Anglia 105E (also: New Anglia ) received a redesigned body. Noticeable details are the roof overhanging the rear and the rear window sloping backwards. It is only available in the limousine; the later introduced station wagons and commercial vehicles have conventionally designed rear sections. The structure of all versions is self-supporting. In the first few years, only an extremely short-stroke, 1.0-liter variant of the Kent engine, newly introduced in 1959, was available as a drive, producing 39 bhp (29 kW; 39 hp). In 1962 a 48.5 bhp (36 kW; 49 PS) version with 1.2 liter displacement was added, which was marketed as the Anglia Super 123E. For the first time at Ford of Britain, power is transmitted by a manual four-speed gearbox. With the more powerful engine, all gears are synchronized, with the weaker only the top three.

The Anglia 105E has been sold worldwide. Ford also offered it in North America and in almost all Western European markets, but not in the Federal Republic of Germany. In the first full calendar year after its introduction, the Anglia 105E was the most successful car on the British market: in 1960 Ford sold more than 200,000 copies of the model in Great Britain. By November 1967, Ford had built a total of 954,426 saloons in the 105E and 123E series; were added 129,529 work station wagons ( Estates ). The New Anglia was at times one of the cheapest British-made cars. Only the price of the Mini was a few pounds below that of the Anglia. While the British Motor Corporation made a loss of £ 5 on every Mini, Ford made a profit of around £ 45 on every New Anglia, according to official statements.

Italian and British car body manufacturers supplied special bodies based on Anglia 105E technology. Of Friary and Abbott individual suits, came Martin Walter built pick-ups , and OSI in Turin made a conventionally designed two-door sedan, the Anglia Torino. It has been sold around 10,000 times in continental Europe.

The successor to the Anglia in 1968 was the Ford Escort , also developed by Ford of Britain , which, unlike the Anglia, was also offered in the German program.

Box van

Based on the Anglia, panel vans were manufactured under the Fordson brand (from 1950 Ford Thames ) with a payload of 250 kg (5 cwt).

  • 1945-1948 Fordson E04C
  • 1948–1954 Fordson E494C, from 1950 Ford Thames E494C
  • 1954–1961 Ford Thames 300E
  • 1961–1968 Ford Thames 307E (as 5-cwt and 7-cwt version)

Australian anglias

Ford Anglia Ute (A494A series, 1949)

The Australian Ford subsidiary sold three series of the Anglia from 1940. All series were based on the first British Anglia. They were very simply equipped and inexpensive. The Australian versions partly have their own design details and, unlike the British model, were available in different body versions.

From 1940 to 1945 Ford sold the Anglia E04A in Australia. In addition to the closed standard body, which was adopted by Ford of Britain, the E04A was also available in Australia in two open versions. The tourer is the four-seater, the roadster the two-seater variant.

The successor offered from 1946 to 1948 (Australian factory code A54A) continued to correspond technically to the British Anglia E04A. Stylistically, however, they differed in terms of other radiator shapes. In addition, closed two and four-door vehicles as well as closed and open pick-ups ("Utes") were on offer.

From 1949 to 1953 there was finally the A494A series, which largely corresponded to the British Anglia A494, but again contained numerous independent body versions for which there were no counterparts in Great Britain.

In Italy: Ford Anglia Torino

Anglia Torino 105E

The Anglia Torino is a sedan made in Italy with the technology of the Anglia 105E and an independent body. Their development goes back to Ford Italia. The British Anglia 105E was felt to be out of fashion on the Italian market after just a few years, mainly because of its unusual roof design, and sales fell significantly. As early as 1963, Ford Italia saw the need for a stylistic revision, which Ford of Britain did not want to make. The Italian management then commissioned the Turin-based designer Giovanni Michelotti for a new body for the Anglia chassis. Michelotti designed a straight notchback sedan with a trapezoidal roof structure, thin vehicle pillars and a high trunk. Ford Italia had this design produced in series at Officine Stampaggi Industriali (OSI) in Turin from 1965 and offered it in Italy as Anglia Torino from April 1965 alongside the British Anglias. The Anglia Torino was optionally available with the 1.0-liter engine or with the 1.2-liter four-cylinder; The latter was delivered as an S version with a double carburetor from Weber (Weber 28 / 36DCD). Sales of the Anglia Torino fell short of expectations. By 1967, Ford had only sold 10,007 Anglia Torinos in Italy. Outside of Italy, the Anglia Torino only came onto the market in the Benelux countries; the cars sold there were assembled by Ford's Belgian branch.

reception

The Anglia became known again through the book Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets , in which a bewitched and flying Anglia 105E appears. In the British children's edition of the book, the Anglia 105E is also shown on the book cover. A flying Anglia can also be seen in the corresponding film adaptation . There are models from various manufacturers.

literature

  • Michael Allen: Anglia Prefect Popular. From Ford Eight to 105E , Motor Racing Publications, 1986, ISBN 0947981071

Web links

Commons : Ford Anglia E494A  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Ford Anglia 100E / 101E  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files
Commons : Ford Anglia 105E  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michael Allen: Anglia Prefect Popular. From Ford Eight to 105E , Motor Racing Publications, 1986, ISBN 0947981071 , p. 141.
  2. ↑ a b Overview of the Anglia generations on the website www.anglia-models.co.uk (accessed on May 8, 2020).
  3. ↑ Alessandro Sannia: Enciclopedia dei carrozzieri italiani , Società Editrice Il Cammello, 2017, ISBN 978-8896796412 , p. 410.
  4. ↑ Michael Allen: Anglia Prefect Popular. From Ford Eight to 105E , Motor Racing Publications, 1986, ISBN 0947981071 , p. 94.
  5. ↑ The Ford Anglia Torino on the website www.anglia-models.co.uk (accessed on May 3, 2020).