Vehicle construction industry association
Industrieverband Fahrzeugbau ( IFA ) was an amalgamation of vehicle construction companies in the GDR . The combines combined in the association were subordinate to the Ministry for general machinery, agricultural machinery and vehicle construction .
history
On the orders of the Soviet Military Administration in Germany (SMAD), the expropriated companies were combined in a total of 65 industrial administrations. This was supposed to ensure the influence of SMAD and later the state governments on production, from development to material security and production to sales.
From 18 West Saxon companies that manufactured road vehicles, the "Industrieverwaltung 19 Fahrzeugbau" (Industrial Administration 19 Vehicle Construction) based in Chemnitz was created on July 1, 1946 . The same IV 17 ( Dresden for East Saxony) and IV 18 ( Leipzig for the rest of Saxony) were dissolved again in 1947 and their operations were assigned to IV 19. After the constitution of the German Economic Commission , this IV 19 was extended to the entire SBZ territory on July 1, 1948 as the IFA Association of People's Own Vehicle Works.
At the end of the 1940s, to promote state and economic centralization, the “ Associations of Publicly Owned Enterprises (VVB) ” were founded. The IFA Vereinigung Volkseigener Fahrzeugbau was dissolved in March 1953 and the VVB motor vehicle parts in 1953 or replaced by the state headquarters. In 1958 a new VVB Automobilbau was created in Karl-Marx-Stadt (Chemnitz).
At the end of the 1960s, the VVB was converted into a combine structure as part of further centralization efforts by the state and party leadership of the GDR . Although vehicle construction was divided into several combines according to the production range (trucks, cars, buses, motorcycles and bicycles, engines, tractors, trailers, accessories and others), the abbreviation IFA was placed in front of all names of the companies. In this way, on behalf of the government, the economy was supposed to give a uniform image with high recognition value , especially internationally . Perhaps this was also a consequence of the lost international trademark law disputes (e.g. BMW - EMW ; Phenomenon - Robur ). The combine was managed from a parent company, which was mostly the largest VEB in the combine.
List of combines
IFA Combine Commercial Vehicles Ludwigsfelde
The parent company was in Ludwigsfelde , Potsdam district .
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Automobilwerke Ludwigsfelde
- Predecessor: The company emerged from the aircraft engine plant ( Daimler-Benz Motoren GmbH ) built in 1936 .
- Products: After 1945, the Ludwigsfelde industrial plant initially only repaired vehicles, later the high-performance 20 KVD 25 diesel engine and, from 1954 to 1956, 1,420 DK 2002 diesel carts were produced. This was followed by motor scooters ( Pitty , Wiesel , Berlin and Troll as well as unicycle trailer Campi ). From 1965 the IFA W50 truck and from 1987 the IFA L60 were in the production program.
- Successor: EGL and NLG until 1995, now Mercedes-Benz Ludwigsfelde GmbH
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Robur works
- Predecessor: Founded in 1888, the company initially manufactured bicycles under license from Rover ; from 1917 as a Phenomenon works Gustav Hiller , also motorcycles and cars ( Phenomobil R4L, Granit, Garant).
- Products: Later only Robur buses and trucks , special vehicles and special bodies (e.g. fire brigades) and the three-wheeled ambulance DUO were manufactured here.
- Vehicle plant Waltershausen ( Multicar )
- Predecessor: In 1920 the ADE plant (named after Arthur Ade) for agricultural equipment was founded.
- Products: From 1956 diesel carts, electric carts equipped with diesel engines, were built. The small universal truck Multicar was manufactured in Waltershausen .
- Successor: Hako GmbH
- Lokomotivbau Karl Marx Babelsberg (from 1984): Production of car slewing cranes (ADK 125)
- Cunewalde engine plant
- Nordhausen tractor works
- Metallguss Leipzig became a combine from 1988
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Brandenburg transmission plant
- Products: Manual transmission for IFA W50 and IFA L60
- Successor: ZF Friedrichshafen AG Brandenburg plant
- Transmission plant in Pirna
- Cardan shaft plant in Halberstadt
- IFA cardan shaft plant in Haldensleben
- Successor: IFA Group
- Stadtilm cardan shaft plant
- IFA engineering company Hohenstein-Ernstthal
- Products: special machines, project planning
- Successor: Drauz company
- Vehicle transmission plant Joliot Curie Leipzig
- Vehicle transmission plant "Wilhelm Friedel" Karl-Marx-Stadt
- Wernigerode metal casting plant
- Heidenau automobile plant
- Vehicle plant Lübenheen
- Zwickau ironworks
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Car accessories factory in Meissen
- Products: rocker arms, brake drums, automatic load-dependent brakes, piston pins, consumer goods production (model engines, air pumps, jacks)
- Branch: Torgau correctional facility
- Successor: UKM Meissen
VEB IFA-Kombinat Cars Karl-Marx-Stadt
The main factory was in Karl-Marx-Stadt (today Chemnitz ).
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VEB Barkas-Werke Karl-Marx-Stadt
- Products: In Frankenberg of were Framo , later, the body shell for the B 1000 and B 1000-1 produced.
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VEB Sachsenring Automobilwerke Zwickau (AWZ)
- Predecessor: VEB Sachsenring motor vehicle and engine works Zwickau (Horch) and VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau (Audi) as well as the affiliation of Schumann trailer construction , Werdau . 1958 merged into VEB Automobilwerk Zwickau (AWZ) .
- Products: Post-war trucks and tractors. With the end of the 1940s cars again ( IFA F8 , F9, AWZ P70 , P 240 Sachsenring ). The factory is known for the Trabant from the mid-1950s .
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VEB Automobilwerk Eisenach (AWE)
- Predecessor: BMW Eisenach plant (expropriated in 1945 and part of Awtowelo )
- Products: BMW / EMW 327 , EMW 340 and the BMW / EMW R 35 motorcycle . The IFA F9 followed (after the relocation from Zwickau to Eisenach) and the Wartburg .
- VEB Scientific and Technical Center for Automotive Engineering (WTZ)
- VEB axle, spring and blacksmith works Roßwein
- VEB Karosseriewerk Dresden (KWD)
- Predecessor: glasses body GmbH
- Body and vehicle construction hall (KWH) 1952–1967 Wartburg 311/312 station wagon, Wartburg 353 station wagon, Robur trucks and buses
- VEB Karosseriewerk Meerane (KWM)
- Predecessor: Gustav Hornig Wagenfabrik Meerane
- Products: bodies for IFA F9 Cabriolet, Wartburg 311 Coupé, Framo Bus, various bodies for Barkas B 1000 and from 1959 to 1991 all bodies for Trabant Kombi and Trabant Kübel
VEB IFA-Kombinat for two-wheeled vehicles
The main factory was in Suhl .
- VEB Simson Suhl also VEB Fahrzeug- und Gerätewerk Suhl
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VEB motorcycle factory Zschopau
- Predecessor: The company emerged from Auto-Union's DKW motorcycle production.
- Products: There were initially (pre-war) DKW / IFA RT 125 prepared, the self-development BK 350 ( B oxermotor, K ardanwelle, 350 cc). Later that were then ES (- E inzylindermotor, S chwingenfahrwerk), ETS - ( E inzylindermotor, T eleskopgabel forward, S chwinge rear), TS - ( T eleskopgabel forward, S chwinge back) and ETZ -series ( E inzylinder- T eleskopgabel Z entralkastenrahmen) produced.
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VEB MIFA Fahrradwerke Sangerhausen
- Products: Manufacture of bicycles
The VEB elite diamond of bicycle works Karl Marx city even put forth two-wheelers, however, was not associated with the IFA-Kombinat but the VEB Kombinat active mechanical engineering , from 1978 the VEB Kombinat Textima .
Other combines
- VEB IFA-Kombinat special bodies and trailers
- VEB motor vehicle factory "Ernst Grube" Werdau : Until 1965 truck producer of H6 , H3 , G5 and S4000 , afterwards special bodies and the trailer HW 80 were produced in Werdau .
- VEB Spezifa Berlin from 1984 to the combine
- VEB Feuerlöschgerätewerk Luckenwalde - FGL was integrated into the VEB Spezifa in 1984
- VEB fire extinguisher plant Görlitz - FLG
- VEB IFA-Kombinat for automotive parts
- VEB IFA sales (for the distribution of vehicles, including imported ones, to the population)
Vehicle gallery
MZ RT 125/3 , built 1959–1962
MZ TS 150 "Luxus", 1973–1985
MZ ETZ 250
Simson Schwalbe KR 51/1 "Comfort"
IWL Troll , 1962-1964
EMW 340 sedan
Trabant 601 S Universal
Wartburg 312 Camping
Barkas B 1000 as a flatbed truck
Diesel cart DK 3
Robur LD 3000
G5 as a tanker
IFA W50 as a tank tender
Tractor RS01 "Pioneer"
literature
- Peter Kirchberg: Plastic, sheet metal and planned economy. The history of automobile construction in the GDR. Nicolai, Berlin 2000, ISBN 3-87584-027-5 .
- Suhr, Christian: From Hornig to IFA: 100 years of body construction in Meerane. Schwarz Druck, Werbung und Verlag GmbH, Meerane 2006, ISBN 3-9811118-0-X .