EMW R 35
| EMW | |
|---|---|
 EMW R 35/3 with rear suspension under the old main gate of the AWE factory in Eisenach |
|
| R 35 | |
| Manufacturer | Eisenach engine factory |
| Production period | 1945 to 1955 |
| class | motorcycle |
| design type | Naked bike |
| Motor data | |
| Single-cylinder four-stroke - gasoline engine ( OHV ) | |
| Displacement (cm³) | 340 cc |
| Power (kW / PS ) | 10.3 kW |
| Top speed ( km / h) | 100 km / h |
| drive | Cardan |
| Empty weight (kg) | 155-170 |
| Previous model | BMW R 35 |
The EMW R 35 was a motorcycle from the Eisenacher Motorenwerk based on the BMW R 35 .
prehistory
In 1937 Bayerische Motorenwerke developed the BMW R 35 single-cylinder motorcycle with a single-cylinder four-stroke engine , 340 cm³ displacement and 14 hp. The R 35 was developed for use by authorities, the police and the military. It was considered to be extremely robust, tough and exceptionally reliable.
Because of the concentration of aircraft engine development in Munich , the entire motorcycle production was relocated to the then BMW plant in Eisenach , Thuringia , during World War II . Production of the R 35 was discontinued in 1940 because it no longer met the requirements of the Wehrmacht . At the end of the war, the Eisenach BMW plant was considerably destroyed, but the machines and parts stocks were stored in the surrounding shafts of the potash mines on time. This also included sets of parts for around 1000 BMW R 35s, but without a frame.
On July 3, 1945 Eisenach became part of the Soviet occupation zone. With the order number 93 for "ensuring the bringing out of the new passenger cars and motorcycles in the vehicle and machine factory Thuringia", the production for reparations to the Soviet Union was resumed in November 1945 . Orders were given to make motorcycles from the stored parts. The plan for 1945 specified the production of 70 motorcycles, but only 16 were actually produced. 220 BMW R 35s could be assembled and handed over to the Soviets.
On September 15, 1946, the plant was incorporated into the Soviet joint-stock company Awtowelo . No reliable numbers are available for the years 1946 to 1948. In 1949, 4250 BMW R 35s were built in Eisenach. At first only the authorities and the FDJ-Interest Group Motorsport (from 1952 Society for Sport and Technology ) were supplied with these vehicles - still provided with the BMW emblem; from 1949 they were also available for private customers.
With the judgment of the Düsseldorf Regional Court of November 17, 1950, confiscations threatened to endanger foreign exchange if Eisenach continued to produce under the BMW name.
After that, the lettering on the nameplate was changed. From 1945 to 1950 the nameplates stated the manufacturer Bayrische Motoren Werke AG (excluding Munich), and from 1950 the automobile factory of the state-owned company Awtowelo Werk BMW Eisenach .
From the middle of 1951, the machine was significantly further developed for the first time. First it received a telescopic fork without bellows and a new front fender with a spring-loaded suspension. In addition, there was a thinner handlebar (22 mm instead of 25 mm diameter) with external pull levers instead of internal pull levers and compression springs on the driver's saddle instead of tension springs. At the end of the year, the fork got hydraulic damping (oil shock absorbers) and a modified gearbox with modern foot shift.
In April 1952, the Soviet State Stock Company Awtowelo was disbanded and the work passed into the property of the GDR, then was made BMW the acronym EMW for Eisenacher engine plant ; The white and blue propeller was transformed into a white and red company emblem and the factory was incorporated into the IFA network as a state-owned company . By then, 17,000 vehicles - mostly motorcycles - had left the factory.
EMW R 35/3
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.JPG)
With the renaming of the plant in 1952 to EMW , further modifications followed for the R-35 , which from then on was called EMW R-35-3 . The frame was lengthened, reinforced from 2 to 3 mm and provided with a damped straight-way rear wheel suspension , which also made a new cardan housing necessary. The engine is also ventilated in the air filter, while the original R 35 ventilates through a tube between the tappet protection rods into the engine block (towards the camshaft). The saddles are different. The Awtowelo BMW R 35 had two springs on the outside of the leather saddle, while the EMW R-35-3 has a central spring on the rubber saddle; there are also other differences on the fenders.
EMW as a trademark ended with the discontinuation of production of the passenger car types 327 and 340/2 as well as the motorcycle R 35/3 in 1955. That year 13,700 EMW R 35/3s were still produced. After that, no four-stroke engines left the production line in Eisenach ; the two-stroke engine was considered economical, light and powerful. Motorcycle production in Eisenach was completely given up. The more modern AWO 425 with four-stroke engine has been produced in Suhl, Thuringia, since 1950 .
Around 50,000 to 66,000 of the R 35/3 are said to have been manufactured; the sources for this are inconsistent. A total of around 90,000 pieces of the post-war BMW / EMW R 35 were manufactured, around 27,000 of which were exported.
Technical specifications
| Awtowelo BMW R-35 | EMW R-35-3 | |
|---|---|---|
| design type | Single cylinder with cardan | |
| construction time | 1945–1952 | 1952-1955 |
| landing gear | Gabel: like pre-war | Straight-way suspension at the rear |
| engine | OHV | |
| drilling | 72 mm | |
| Hub | 84 mm | |
| Displacement | 342 cc | |
| power | 14 HP (10 kW) | |
| V max | 100 km / h | |
| Empty weight | 155 kg | 170 kg (trailer operation: 235 kg) |
| total weight | 350 kg | 365 kg (trailer operation: 460 kg) |
| Tank capacity | 12 l | 12 l |
| consumption | 3.5 l / 100 km | 3.5 l / 100 km |
literature
- The EMW motorcycle R 35. In: Motor vehicle technology 3/1953, pp. 85–86.
- Improvements to the EMW R 35 with sidecar. In: Motor vehicle technology 3/1956, p. 113.
Web links
- EMW story
- Eisenach Automobile Museum
- EMW-R35 pages from ostmotorrad.de with operating instructions, spare parts lists, pictures, circuit diagrams and other information
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.luaz-fan.de/bilder/Awtowelo%20BMW%20R-35%20Typenschild.1952
- ↑ 10 years of motor vehicle exports in the German Democratic Republic . In: Motor vehicle technology 2/1958, pp. 41–43.