Porsche
Dr. Ing.hc F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft
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legal form | Corporation |
founding | 1931 |
Seat | Stuttgart , Germany |
management | |
Number of employees | 35,429 (2019) |
sales | 28.5 billion euros (2019) |
Branch | Automotive industry |
Website | www.porsche.com |
As of December 31, 2019 |
The Porsche AG (long form . Hc F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft ) is a German automobile manufacturer with headquarters in Stuttgart - Zuffenhausen . The company's origin is a design office founded by Ferdinand Porsche in Stuttgart in 1931 , which after 1945 became an automobile factory that mainly produced sports cars .
Porsche AG has been part of the Volkswagen Group since 2009 and should not be confused with the listed Porsche Automobil Holding ( Porsche SE for short ), which is also based in Stuttgart and has been the majority shareholder of Volkswagen AG since 2009.
history
Beginnings
On December 1, 1930, Ferdinand Porsche set up his own design office in Stuttgart, Kronenstrasse 24. He had started to work as a mechanic for the electric motor manufacturer Béla Egger & Co. in 1893 . In 1897, at the age of 22, he became head of the testing department and was involved in the development of the Egger-Lohner electric vehicle, also known as the Porsche P1 . At the end of 1899 Porsche was poached and switched to the kuk Hofwagenfabrik Ludwig Lohner & Co. in Vienna as a designer . In the same year, Porsche constructed a successor to the electric carriage, which was presented at the 1900 World Exhibition in Paris under the name "Lohner-Porsche". Porsche left the company after eight years. This was followed by 17 years as technical director (chief designer) at Austro-Daimler in Wiener Neustadt . From April 1923 onwards, Porsche was head of the design office and member of the board of directors of Daimler-Motoren-Gesellschaft in Stuttgart (part of Daimler-Benz AG from 1926 ) for six years . Most recently, Porsche worked as chief designer at the Steyr works . The Technical Universities of Vienna and Stuttgart honored Porsche's design achievements with the award of an honorary doctorate . The title was in 1931 in the company Dr. Ing. H. c. F. Porsche GmbH taken over.
1931 to 1937: Dr. Ing.hc F. Porsche GmbH
On April 25, 1931, the design office in Stuttgart at Kronenstrasse 24 was opened as Dr. Ing.hc F. Porsche GmbH, construction and consulting for engine and vehicle construction entered in the register for corporate companies. 80% of the company's shares were held by Porsche, 10% by the businessman and racing driver Adolf Rosenberger and 10% by his son-in-law, the Viennese lawyer Anton Piëch . In addition to his son Ferry Porsche , the first employees included chief engineer Karl Rabe , gear specialist Karl Fröhlich, engine specialist Josef Kales and axle construction specialist Josef Zahradnik. Later employees were the automobile designer Erwin Komenda , the aerodynamics specialist Josef Mickl and the engine engineer Franz Xaver Reimspieß . Adolf Rosenberger made sure that, despite the lack of orders and Porsche's tendency towards expensive designs, the office survived the early days financially, but left the management on January 31, 1933. Baron Hans von Veyder-Malberg became the new commercial director and, with a ten percent stake, new shareholders. On July 30, 1935, Rosenberger ceded his ten percent shareholding in Porsche GmbH at nominal value to Ferry Porsche.
As one of the first orders, the design office developed the small car Porsche Type 12 for Zündapp in Nuremberg in 1931. The number of Porsche developments began with 7, presumably in order to generate greater trust in the young company among clients. The car was initially planned with a one-liter engine. The prototype had a water-cooled 1.2-liter five - cylinder radial engine . Later, the mid-range Porsche Type 32 was designed for NSU , which already had a lot in common with the VW Beetle: The NSU Porsche also had an air-cooled four-cylinder boxer engine in the rear and the patented Porsche torsion bar suspension . However, due to the high production costs, these vehicles did not go into series production, so the orders were not very lucrative. The same was true for the construction of a two-liter touring car for hikers . From 1933 onwards, the development of the Grand Prix racing car, the Auto Union racing car , with a 16-cylinder mid-engine - then called the rear engine - was very successful. The racing car contract signed with Auto-Union in March 1933 ended in June 1936.
From 1934, the office designed the German Volkswagen, later also called KdF-Wagen or VW Beetle , on behalf of the Reich Association of the Automotive Industry . This order and the resulting position as the design office of the newly founded Volkswagenwerk GmbH , in which Ferdinand Porsche was managing director and member of the supervisory board, developed into the economic basis of the design office.
1937 to 1972: Dr. Ing.hc F. Porsche KG
Due to the good earnings situation, Veyder-Malberg was paid out in December 1937. This changed the legal form of the engineering office into a limited partnership , which existed until 1972. The office moved to today's premises in Stuttgart- Zuffenhausen . In addition to Ferdinand Porsche, his children Ferry with 15% and Louise with 5% and her husband Anton Piëch with 10% were now partners. From 1937 to April 1945, for example, the Volkswagen factory paid invoices from Porsche KG totaling 20.6 million RM for development and testing expenses as well as other services. In 1937, the development of the people's tractor began on behalf of the DAF . During the Second World War , among other things, the designs of the bucket car and float car were created on the drawing boards at Porsche . At the end of 1939, the Heereswaffenamt commissioned the design office to plan a medium-weight battle tank, which, however, was discontinued early in favor of heavy tank models. Porsche also received development contracts for these types of tanks ( tiger , elephant and mouse ).
However, the Porsche Tiger was not used because of a complicated and unreliable gasoline-electric drive and higher production costs.
The development plant, which had been set up in Zuffenhausen since 1937, was equipped with its own joinery, sheet metal processing, paint shop and assembly shop, and stood on a plot of around 30,000 square meters. In the summer of 1944 656 people were employed there. In addition, there were probably around 300 forced laborers and prisoners of war during the war. In 1944 the company generated a profit of around RM 2.1 million.
From the summer of 1944, the administration with the important files, contracts and construction drawings as well as parts of the production were relocated to the Porsche factory in Gmünd in Austria. In addition, 931,000 RM were transferred to Austria in the last months of the war. From July 1947 on, the Austrian Porsche-Konstruktionen-Ges.mbH, under the management of Ferry Porsche , son of Ferdinand Porsche, also developed the first car with the name Porsche - the 356 No. 1 Roadster - and its production version 356 . The latter was built in a small series of 47 pieces until 1950.
Ferry Porsche took over the chairmanship of the Stuttgart company from his father in 1947 when the latter was a prisoner of war in France . The suspicion of involvement in war crimes against Ferry was quickly dropped and he was able to continue the business, also to finance a bail for the father together with his sister Louise Piëch .
In September 1948, Porsche signed its first contract with the Volkswagen factory under the direction of the new General Director Heinrich Nordhoff . The previously existing general contract for all VW development work was replaced by a case-by-case and freely negotiable order. In addition to stipulating a non-competition clause for the use of Porsche's patents, a license fee of 0.1% of the gross list price was agreed, which in 1950 for the standard version of a Beetle corresponded to an amount of DM 5. In December 1949, a new agreement followed with a license fee of 1% of the gross sales price of the standard version, which in 1952 was limited to DM 1 for more than 150,000 vehicles. For the collaboration with VW development work, a monthly remuneration of 40,000 DM - increased to 240,000 DM by 1952 and later to 480,000 DM - as well as the sole sale of Volkswagen vehicles in Austria as the general importer , from which today's Porsche Holding emerged. The VW development department was finally separated from Porsche KG. This formed a financial basis for the Stuttgart car plant. In 1949 Albert Prinzing became the commercial director .
When Ferdinand Porsche died in 1951, Ferry Porsche inherited half of the company's shares and built up the sports car company that is known today. Porsche's world-famous trademark, the Porsche crest, is also based on a design by Ferry. His sister Louise, married to Anton Piëch, inherited the other half of the company's shares.
The Stuttgart company, which was placed under asset control in 1945, was transferred back in October 1950. It was worth around 1.2 million DM. In addition, there was income from license and patent fees. In 1950, Porsche began production of the 356 model in Zuffenhausen with a total of 400 vehicles. At the end of production in 1965, the total number was 76,302. In 1963, the manufacturer's most famous model followed, the 911 . Among other things, the Porsche tractor and, from 1958, the Leopard 1 battle tank were developed in the design department.
1972: Dr. Ing.hc F. Porsche AG
The excess of staff among the family members with respective management functions has led to disputes and family quarrels several times in the course of the company's history. Ferry Porsche and Louise Piëch decided in 1972 because of the lack of competence in the generation of their children that no family members were allowed to work in the societies of the family after them. The founder's grandchildren, development manager Ferdinand Piëch , production manager Hans-Peter Porsche and chief designer Ferdinand Alexander Porsche , then left the company, and Dr. Hc F. Porsche KG became Porsche Aktiengesellschaft in the same year . Ernst Fuhrmann became the new CEO and thus Ferry Porsche's successor . In 1984 the company's non-voting preference shares were listed on the stock exchange for DM 780 each; the opening price was DM 1020. The ordinary shares remained in the possession of the Piëch and Porsche families.
Until the 1980s, Porsche asserted itself successfully on the sports car market with a relatively small number of units. Porsche ran into economic difficulties at the end of the 1980s, in particular due to a sharp drop in the dollar exchange rate. In the 1991/92 financial year, the manufacturer sold only 23,000 vehicles and a year later posted a loss of DM 240 million.
Wendelin Wiedeking became spokesman for the board in 1992 and chairman of the board in 1993 until 2009. Profits have been reported again since the 1994/95 financial year and the company had developed into the most profitable automobile manufacturer in the world and the largest taxpayer in Stuttgart , ahead of Daimler-Benz . Within two years the management was radically restructured and the product range expanded.
In 1993 Porsche presented the Boxster as a prototype at the Detroit Motor Show, and in August 1996 it was launched in Germany. The mid-engine roadster Boxster has been expanding the range since 1996 - as has the Cayman coupé model since 2005. In 1997, the 996 was the first Porsche 911 to be built with water cooling instead of the air cooling that has been common for decades and thus adapted to the sports car segment. From 2002 onwards, the company also entered the sport utility vehicle (SUV) market with the first generation of the Porsche Cayenne.
In 2006, Porsche was the smallest independent German car manufacturer with sales of 97,000 vehicles. As Die Welt am Sonntag reported , citing a study by the forecasting institute B & D-Forecast, Porsche earned an average of 21,799 euros per vehicle before taxes. This is nine times as much as the second-placed BMW.
In 1999 there was a controversy about the compensation of former Nazi forced laborers . On the grounds that the company was founded in 1948, Porsche initially refused all compensation payments, despite a lawsuit by a 74-year-old Pole who had done forced labor at Porsche from 1942 to 1945. After the lawsuit was dismissed by the Stuttgart regional court, Porsche joined the German business foundation's initiative , which aimed to regulate the compensation of forced laborers with a billion-dollar fund . In addition, the company undertook to "immediately compensate all people who can plausibly substantiate their involuntary work with 10,000 marks each". At that time, five people had registered as former forced laborers at Porsche.
Relationship with Volkswagen
The first Porsche 356 sports cars (1948) contained many VW components. Later joint commitments were the Porsche 914 , also known as VW-Porsche (1969/1970), and the Porsche 924 , which Porsche initially developed for Volkswagen, but, contrary to original plans, sold under its own name from 1976 to 1988. In the early 1990s, Porsche produced the Audi RS2 , a station wagon based on the Audi 80 Avant at the time, with a turbo-charged five-cylinder engine that bore visible Porsche features and the Porsche logo, on behalf of the Volkswagen subsidiary. The Porsche Cayenne and VW Touareg off-road vehicles were developed until 2002 under the leadership of Porsche on the basis of a common platform. Therefore, chassis, electrical and shell components are largely identical. In addition, the body of both vehicles is produced in the VW plant in Bratislava .
From 1993 to 2002 Ferdinand Piëch , Ferdinand Porsche's grandson and main shareholder of Porsche AG (and "spiritual father" of the legendary Porsche 917 as head of the then racing department in Weissach), was Chairman of the Board of Management at Volkswagen, until April 2015 he was Chairman of the Supervisory Board of VW Group.
From 2005, Porsche had continuously expanded its stake in VW . After the acquisition of 30.9% of the ordinary shares in Volkswagen, the operative business of Porsche AG was spun off into a newly founded subsidiary Porsche Vermögensverwaltungs AG in 2007 by resolution of an extraordinary general meeting . The holdings in VW and the new Porsche Vermögensverwaltungs AG were excluded from the spin-off . Subsequently, on November 13, 2007, the "old" Porsche AG was converted into Porsche Automobil Holding SE (Porsche SE for short) and Porsche Vermögensverwaltungs AG again became Dr. Ing.hc F. Porsche AG, which continues the car production as a wholly owned subsidiary.
2009: loss of independence
After outsourcing automobile production, Porsche SE further expanded its stake in VW in the course of 2007 and 2008 with the aim of gaining control over VW. The acquisition of the stake was financed through bank liabilities of 10 billion euros.
In May 2009, however, Porsche announced that it would aim to create an "integrated automotive group" with Volkswagen. The background to the announcement were financing problems with the bank loans, which forced Porsche to abandon the planned takeover of VW. It was also announced that the previous CEO of Porsche, Wendelin Wiedeking, and his representative Holger Härter - both of whom had pushed the failed takeover of Volkswagen - are leaving the company. In December 2009, Volkswagen acquired a 49.9 percent stake in Porsche AG from Porsche SE.
On August 1, 2012, Volkswagen took over Porsche AG completely.
The merger of the two companies between 2007 and 2012 is described in the article about Porsche Automobil Holding .
Influence of the company on the auto industry
Porsche was very successful in many areas of racing. Porsche deserves particular attention for its successes in the Le Mans 24-hour race (19 victories), in Formula 1 (a victory in 1962, engines for McLaren under the TAG label in the 1980s ) and in the Targa Florio (11 victories) and in the Paris-Dakar rally with the 959 model .
Some companies in the vehicle industry seek advice from Porsche when developing new models and especially when developing engines . These include Audi , Volkswagen , Studebaker , Seat , Lada , Daewoo , Opel and Subaru , among others . For Harley-Davidson , the Porsche Engineering Group developed, in addition to the prototype Nova (1979–1980), the engines of the Evo (1984–1999) and VRSC (2002–) series. Among many other things the shaft drive motorcycles of stems Yamaha of development work Porsches.
The Porsche Engineering Group , a wholly owned subsidiary of Porsche AG, which mainly relies on the development center in Weissach , fulfills such development contracts . The series vehicles are also developed there.
Porsche coat of arms
The Porsche crest was created in 1952. 1954 is occasionally mentioned as the year of design. The coat of arms first appeared on a steering wheel hub at the end of 1952, and it has been on the front hood of every production Porsche since 1954.
Ferry Porsche commissioned the advertising manager Hermann Lapper to design a company logo. The goal was a seal of quality for the Porsche Type 356. The design was ultimately created by Franz Xaver Reimspieß - a Porsche engineer who was gifted in drawing. Another source names Erwin Komenda as the author. Until today only little things have changed on the coat of arms. Today it is one of the most famous trademarks in the world. The individual components of the coat of arms symbolize the importance of the Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen production site in (Baden-) Württemberg. The Porsche coat of arms contains the Stuttgart heraldic animal, the coat of arms of the Free People's State of Württemberg from 1922 and the words "Porsche" and "Stuttgart".
About the individual components of the coat of arms:
The law regarding the colors and coats of arms of Württemberg came into force on February 20, 1922 and laid down a quartered coat of arms, whereby fields 1 and 4 were gold with three black stag sticks, fields 2 and 3 divided three times by black and red National colors .
The family coat of arms of the House of Württemberg, three black stag sticks lying on top of each other on a yellow shield, can be found in the oldest tradition in 1228 as a seal imprint of Count Konrad I of (Württemberg-) Grüningen, who sealed a donation in Accon.
The coat of arms of Stuttgart shows a horse, going back to Duke Luitolf von Schwaben, who laid out a “Stuotgarten” (horse stud farm ) in the Nesenbach valley in 950 and built a moated castle to protect it , from which today's old Stuttgart Castle emerged. A horse has graced Stuttgart's city seal since 1312.
Coat of arms of the Free People's State of Württemberg (1922 to 1933)
Coat of arms of the city of Stuttgart
Exhaust scandal
In the course of the emissions scandal , the Stuttgart public prosecutor's office started investigations against individual Porsche employees in 2017. In the same year, Porsche was instructed by the Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA) to recall 21,500 Cayenne diesel vehicles and in 2018 another 60,000 more of the Cayenne and Macan types. In all of these vehicles, illegal shutdown devices can lead to increased nitrogen oxide emissions. A few months after this request, Porsche announced in September 2018 that it wanted to discontinue the production of diesel-powered vehicles.
In May 2019, the Stuttgart public prosecutor imposed a fine of 535 million euros on Porsche for negligent violation of the duty to supervise . In July 2019, the German Environmental Aid (DUH) reported again that Porsche diesel vehicles complying with the Euro 5 and Euro 6 emissions standard exceeded the limit values for nitrogen oxides (NOx) while driving many times over. The limit value for laboratory measurements, however, is adhered to. The DUH denies the effectiveness of the retrofits, although their review also confirmed a reduction in emissions of around 38 percent. The engine manufacturer (VW group) pointed out that the values should be determined in the laboratory. This view is confirmed by the Federal Motor Transport Authority.
Company profile
Production sites
Vehicles are manufactured in the main plant in Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen and the Leipzig plant (as well as at Volkswagen Osnabrück ). The domestic share of the 911 type is 65 percent, while the Cayenne off-road vehicle, which is partly manufactured by Volkswagen Slovakia in Slovakia, is 35 percent. Valmet Automotive in Finland builds or built the Porsche Boxster and Cayman models .
subsidiary company
The Porsche AG group of companies includes the following subsidiaries:
- Porsche Consulting GmbH based in Bietigheim-Bissingen . Porsche Consulting provides the Group and on the free market consulting firm to.
- Porsche Service GmbH based in Stuttgart-Zuffenhausen . The PDLG maintains the catering in the New Porsche Museum and in the customer center in Leipzig. She also helps out at Porsche AG events (e.g. Porsche Tennis Grand Prix , IAA )
- Porsche Engineering Group GmbH based in Weissach
- Porsche Financial Services GmbH based in Bietigheim-Bissingen . PFS offers financial services such as leasing and loans especially for Porsche vehicles. The Porsche insurance service and the Porsche credit card are also part of the PFS business.
- Porsche Licensing and Trading Company Ltd. based in Ludwigsburg . PLH sells textiles, accessories, luxury and lifestyle articles from the Porsche Design brands and Porsche Design Driver's Selection
- Porsche Werk Leipzig GmbH, production plant
- MHP Management- und IT-Beratung GmbH , based in Ludwigsburg, offers corporate consulting for process and IT services within the group and on the open market.
- Porsche Logistik GmbH, central spare parts warehouse of Porsche AG in Sachsenheim
- Porsche Digital GmbH, Ludwigsburg
- Porsche Werkzeugbau GmbH, Schwarzenberg
distribution
Porsche vehicles have been sold in Germany through Porsche Centers since 1991, of which there were 86 in 2016. Until the beginning of the 1990s, sales took place through a total of 220 Porsche dealers, most of whom were originally or at the same time Volkswagen dealers. The aftermath of this sales alliance with VW, which emerged from Porsche's early years, can still be discovered today in the often close proximity between VW dealers and Porsche centers.
Porsche sells its models worldwide through a network of around 830 Porsche centers. In addition, there are 43 Porsche centers around the world which, as certified Porsche Classic Partners, take care of the maintenance and repair of classic Porsche vehicles. In the Netherlands ( Gelderland province ) and France ( Rouen ), the world's first Porsche Classic Centers, dedicated centers only for classic vehicles, were opened in 2015 and 2016.
In Experience Centers in Los Angeles , Atlanta , Le Mans , Silverstone and Leipzig , Porsche offers visitors driving programs and training on their own test and development tracks.
Since the summer of 2000, sales in Germany have been carried out by the sales company Porsche Deutschland GmbH, which was founded for this purpose . The company based in Bietigheim-Bissingen had around 100 employees in the year 2007.
Numbers and dates
Fiscal year | Profit before taxes (million euros) |
Turnover (billion euros) |
Total sales (vehicles) |
---|---|---|---|
1994/1995 | 5.8 | 1.333 | 21,124 |
1995/1996 | 27.9 | 1.438 | 19,262 |
1996/1997 | 84.5 | 2.093 | 32,383 |
1997/1998 | 166 | 2.591 | 36,686 |
1998/1999 | 357 | 3.161 | 43,982 |
1999/2000 | 434 | 3,648 | 48,797 |
2000/2001 | 592 | 4,442 | 54,586 |
2001/2002 | 828 | 4.857 | 54,234 |
2002/2003 | 933 | 5,582 | 66,803 |
2003/2004 | 1,088 | 6.148 | 76,827 |
2004/2005 | 1,238 | 6.574 | 88,379 |
2005/2006 | 2.110 | 7.273 | 96,794 |
2006/2007 | 5,857 a | 7.368 | 97,515 |
2007/2008 | 1,228 b | 6,247 b | 98,652 c |
2010 | 1,736 | 9.232 | 96,473 |
2011 | 2,108 | 10.928 | 116,978 |
2012 | 2,648 | 13.865 | 143.096 |
2013 | 2,784 | 14.326 | 162,145 |
2014 | 3,060 | 17.205 | 187.208 |
2015 | 3,382 | 21,553 | 225,121 d |
2016 | 3,697 | 22,318 | 237,778 d |
2017 | 4,046 | 23.491 | 246,375 d |
2018 | 4,552 | 25.784 | 256,255 d |
The German economist Ferdinand Dudenhöffer examined the profitability of automobile manufacturers in a study. According to this, Porsche generated just under 17,000 euros in operating profit per vehicle sold (in the first half of 2018) .
New car registrations and market shares in Germany
year | units | Market share |
---|---|---|
2017 | 29,276 | 0.85% |
2016 | 30.203 | 0.90% |
2015 | 28,543 | 0.89% |
2014 | 24,365 | 0.80% |
2013 | 20,799 | 0.70% |
2012 | 20,516 | 0.70% |
2011 | 18,690 | 0.60% |
2010 | 16,257 | 0.56% |
2009 | 15,343 | 0.40% |
2008 | 16,221 | 0.52% |
2007 | 17,663 | 0.56% |
2006 | 17,490 | 0.50% |
2005 | 16,565 | 0.50% |
2004 | 16,223 | 0.50% |
2003 | 14,252 | 0.44% |
2002 | 12,212 | 0.38% |
2001 | 11,683 | 0.35% |
Source: Federal Motor Transport Authority (KBA)
Corporate governance
Board
(Status: August 12, 2019 | Source: Porsche Newsroom )
person | Business area |
---|---|
Oliver Blume | Chairman |
Andreas Haffner | Human resources and social affairs |
Michael Steiner | Research and Development |
Lutz Meschke | Finance and IT |
Uwe-Karsten townspeople | procurement |
Detlev von Platen | sales and marketing |
Albrecht Reimold | production and logistics |
CEO since 1972
- 1972–1980: Ernst Fuhrmann
- 1981–1987: Peter W. Schutz
- 1988–1990: Heinz Branitzki
- 1990–1992: Arno Bohn
- 1993–2009: Wendelin Wiedeking
- 2009–2010: Michael Macht
- 2010–2015: Matthias Müller
- 2015– Oliver Blume :
Supervisory board
(Status: August 12, 2019 | Source: Porsche Newsroom )
- Wolfgang Porsche , Chairman of the Supervisory Board
- Werner Weresch, Chairman of the General Works Council and Deputy Chairman of the Supervisory Board
- Hans Michel Piëch, lawyer
- Ferdinand Oliver Porsche, investment management
- Hans Peter Porsche, engineer
- Hans Dieter Pötsch, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Volkswagen AG, Chairman of the Board of Management of Porsche SE
- Andreas Renschler, Member of the Board of Management of Volkswagen AG
- Gunnar Kilian , Member of the Board of Management of Volkswagen AG
- Hiltrud Werner, Member of the Board of Management of Volkswagen AG
- Frank Witter, Member of the Board of Management of Volkswagen AG
- Wolfgang von Dühren, Head of Sales Planning
- Hans Peter Schützinger, member of the management of Porsche Holding GmbH
- Sabine Zach, trade union secretary of IG Metall, district management Berlin-Brandenburg-Saxony
- Harald Buck, member of the general works council
- Hansjörg Schmierer, Managing Director Members and Finances of IG Metall Stuttgart
- Manfred Pache, member of the general works council
- Axel Weyland, Head of Powertrain at Porsche Engineering Services GmbH
- Jordana Vogiatzi, trade union secretary of IG Metall - Stuttgart office
- Knut Brenner, IT consultant for the group and general works council of Porsche AG
Models
Series models
Timeline
construction time | model series | annotation | image |
---|---|---|---|
Production sports car with a boxer engine |
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1948-1965 | Porsche 356 | The first production car from Porsche and the direct predecessor of the Porsche 911. It was sold as the 356, 356 A, 356 B, 356 C. | |
1954-1956 | Porsche 550 | A racing car developed from the Porsche 356, which was also sold to customers in small series | |
1964-1989 | Porsche 911 | The best-known production sports car from Porsche. It was presented at the IAA 1963 in Frankfurt, initially as the Porsche 901 . After a lawsuit by Peugeot , the car was renamed the Porsche 911 . | |
1965-1969 and 1976 | Porsche 912 | A weaker version of the 911 with a four-cylinder engine from the 356 SC. The engine's output was reduced from 95 to 90 hp. | |
1970-1976 | Porsche 914 | The VW-Porsche 914 was created from a collaboration with VW. It was offered as the 914/4 with four cylinders or under the designation 914/6 with the six-cylinder engine of the 911 T. | |
1971 | Porsche 916 | The Porsche 916 was based on the 914/6. It contained the six-cylinder engine of the Porsche 911 S. In total, only 11 vehicles of the 916 were built. | |
1975-1989 | Porsche 930 | Better known as the “911 Turbo”, two years after BMW , the turbocharger technology was also offered by Porsche in a production model. In 1988 the turbo also rolled out to dealers as a convertible and targa. | |
1987-1988 | Porsche 959 | based on the 911 and a Group B study from 1983. 200 vehicles of the 959 were built. | |
1988-1993 | Porsche 964 | It contained many elements of the Porsche 959. For the first time there was also an all-wheel drive 911, the Carrera 4, the technology of which also resulted from the 959. The 964 was available in numerous body variants. | |
1993-1998 | Porsche 993 | The Porsche 993 is the last version of the 911 with an air-cooled boxer engine. The 993 was available as before the 964 as a coupe, convertible, turbo and for the first time since 1987 Targa with an electric glass roof. The "S" models were new. These occurred with the widened body shape of the Turbo. In addition, for the first time since the 935 there was a Turbo-based racing car with the 911 GT2 and a weight- reduced 911 for sports drivers with the Carrera RS . | |
1996-2004 | Boxster / Type 986 | The first version of the Porsche Boxster . The car had a six-cylinder boxer mid-engine and was only offered as a roadster. | |
1997-2005 | Porsche 996 | A water-cooled engine has now been installed in a completely new body of the "911". The models are: Carrera, Carrera 4 and Carrera 4S as well as the associated convertible variants, also Targa, Turbo, Turbo S (both Turbo models also as convertible) and 911 GT2 , 911 GT3 and, as a limited homologation model, the 911 GT3 RS, the round Has been sold 300 times. | |
2004-2009 | Boxster / Type 987 | The next version of the Porsche Boxster . It has been on sale since November 27, 2004. | |
2004-2011 | Porsche 997 | Successor to the Porsche 996. Available as Carrera, Carrera S, Carrera 4, Carrera 4S, Targa 4, Targa 4S, Turbo, GT3, GT3 RS, GT2 and GT2 RS. All models except the GT3, GT3 RS, GT2 and GT2 RS as well as the Targa variants were also available as convertibles. | |
2005–2012 | Porsche Cayman (type 987c) | It is based on the Porsche Boxster and was marketed from November 2005 to the end of 2012. In contrast to the 911, the Cayman is a purely two-seater sports coupé. | |
since 2011 | Porsche 991 | Successor to the 997 and thus the current 911 series, presented for the first time at the Frankfurt IAA in September 2011. | |
2012-2016 | Boxster / Type 981 | The third generation of the Porsche Boxster was introduced on April 14, 2012. | |
2013-2016 | Porsche Cayman (type 981c) | It is the successor to the Porsche Cayman (type 987c) and was marketed between 2013 and 2016. | |
since 2016 | 718 Boxster / Type 982 | The current version of the Porsche Boxster . In contrast to the previous models, four-cylinder engines with turbocharging are used. | |
since 2016 | Porsche 718 Cayman (type 982) | It is the successor to the Porsche Cayman (type 981c) and has been sold since 2016. As with the new Boxster, four-cylinder turbocharged engines are now used. | |
since 2019 | Porsche 992 | The Porsche 992 is the successor to the 991 and went on sale in 2019. | |
Production sports car with an in- line engine |
|||
1976-1988 | Porsche 924 | The car was originally developed for VW as the successor to the VW-Porsche 914 and was initially built with a modified Audi engine. | |
1979-1982 | Porsche 931 | The Porsche 931 was sold under the name “Porsche 924 Turbo” in the early 1980s. | |
1981 | Porsche 937 | Sold as the “Porsche 924 Carrera GT”, it embodies the street-legal racing version of the Porsche 924 Carrera GTS. | |
1981-1991 | Porsche 944 | The successor to the Porsche 924 was built as a coupé and a convertible and achieved the highest sales for Porsche in the 1980s. The body came from the Porsche 924, but the fenders were widened so that the body looked like that of the 924 Carrera GT. | |
1985-1991 | Porsche 951 | The Porsche 951 was marketed as the “Porsche 944 Turbo”. This car was the top model in the 944 series. | |
1992-1995 | Porsche 968 | The successor to the Porsche 944. As a coupé, convertible and CS (Clubsport), 11,241 units of the car were produced between 1992 and 1995. A turbo variant with 305 hp was only produced 10 times in 1993/94. | |
Production sports car with a V-engine |
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1977-1995 | Porsche 928 | The model that was supposed to replace the Porsche 911. This car belongs to the Gran Turismo. It had a V8 engine and was built until 1995. The top model was the 928 GTS. | |
2003-2006 | Porsche Carrera GT | The most powerful production car at the time that was produced by Porsche. It is a racing car developed for series production. Production ended with the 1270th copy in May 2006. | |
Luxury sedan with V-engine |
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2009-2016 | Porsche Panamera (G1) | This four-door sports coupe has been available since 2009. The engines are manufactured in the main factory in Zuffenhausen. The VW plant in Hanover supplies the body shells. The final assembly takes place in the Leipzig factory of Porsche. | |
since 2016 | Porsche Panamera (G2) | The successor to the Porsche Panamera (G1) premiered on June 28, 2016. In addition to the hatchback sedan, a station wagon named by Porsche Sport Turismo was presented in 2017. The Panamera (G2) is available in three petrol engine and two hybrid versions. | |
Luxury sedan with an electric motor |
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since 2019 | Porsche Taycan | This four-door sports coupé has been on the market since 2019. The vehicle produced in Zuffenhausen is the first purely battery-electric powered model from Porsche. | |
Sport utility vehicles |
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2002-2010 | Porsche Cayenne (type 9PA) | The first SUV model from Porsche in series production. Available as Cayenne, Cayenne S, Cayenne Turbo, Cayenne Turbo S and Cayenne GTS (presented at IAA 2007). Based on a common platform with the VW Touareg and the Audi Q7, it is largely assembled in the joint production plant in Bratislava. The final assembly takes place at Porsche Leipzig GmbH. The revised version started in March 2007 with increased performance data. | |
2010-2017 | Porsche Cayenne (Type 92A) | The successor to the Porsche Cayenne (Type 9PA) . Available in five engine versions: 3.6-liter V6, a hybrid and a 4.8-liter V8 for the Cayenne S, a 4.8-liter V8 for the Cayenne Turbo and a 3-liter diesel. | |
since 2014 | Porsche Macan | The Macan is the second SUV model from Porsche. The car is smaller than the Cayenne and is based on the Audi Q5 . | |
since 2017 | Porsche Cayenne (type PO536) | The third generation of the Cayenne was presented at the IAA 2017. | |
since 2019 | Porsche Cayenne Coupe | Based on the third generation of the Cayenne, a variant called a coupé with a flatter roof profile was presented in March 2019. |
Model history
Model history from 1948 to 1973
Model (year) | designation | V max | kW (PS) | Torque | Weight | Base price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 356 (master model) | ||||||
356 (1948/1951) | 356/356 1100 | 140 km / h | 29 kW (40 hp) | 70 Nm at 2800 rpm | 810 kg | |
356 (1951) | 356 1300 | 145 km / h | 32 kW (44 PS) | 81 Nm at 2500 rpm | 810 kg | |
356 (1954) | 356 1300 p | 160 km / h | 44 kW (60 hp) | 810 kg | ||
356 (1952/1953) | 356 1500 | 160/155 km / h | 44 kW (60 PS) / 40 kW (55 PS) |
106 Nm at 2800 rpm | 810 kg | |
356 (1952) | 356 America Roadster | 175 km / h | 51 kW (70 hp) | 108 Nm at 3600 rpm | 750 kg | |
356 (1953) | 356 1500 p | 170 km / h | 51 kW (70 hp) | 108 Nm at 3600 rpm | 810 kg | |
Model 356 (A model) | ||||||
356 (1956) | 356 1300 | 145 km / h | 32 kW (44 PS) | 81 Nm at 2500 rpm | 885 kg | |
356 (1956) | 356 1300 p | 160 km / h | 44 kW (60 hp) | 885 kg | ||
356 (1956) | 356 1500 GS Carrera | 200 km / h | 74 kW (100 PS) | 810 kg | ||
356 (1957) | 356 1500 GS Carrera GT | 200 km / h | 81 kW (110 PS) | 124 Nm at 5200 rpm | 885 kg | |
356 (1956) | 356 1600 | 160 km / h | 44 kW (60 hp) | 110 Nm at 2800 rpm | 885 kg | |
356 (1956) | 356 1600 p | 175 km / h | 55 kW (75 PS) | 117 Nm at 3700 rpm | 885 kg | |
356 (1959) | 356 1600 GS Carrera de Luxe | 200 km / h | 77 kW (105 PS) | 121 Nm at 5000 rpm | 885 kg | |
356 (1959) | 356 1600 GS Carrera GT | 200 km / h | 85 kW (115 PS) | 885 kg | ||
Model 356 (B model) | ||||||
356 (1960) | 356 1600 | 160 km / h | 44 kW (60 hp) | 110 Nm at 2800 rpm | 935 kg | |
356 (1960) | 356 super 75 | 175 km / h | 55 kW (75 PS) | 117 Nm at 3700 rpm | 935 kg | |
356 (1960) | 356 super 90 | 185 km / h | 66 kW (90 PS) | 121 Nm at 5000 rpm | 935 kg | |
356 (1960) | 356 1600 GS Carrera GT | 200 km / h | 85 kW (115 PS) | 935 kg | ||
356 (1962) | 356 Carrera 2 | 200 km / h | 96 kW (130 PS) | 162 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1010 kg | 26,700 DM |
Model 356 (C model) | ||||||
356 (1963) | 356 1600 C | 175 km / h | 55 kW (75 PS) | 123 Nm at 3600 rpm | 935 kg | |
356 (1963) | 356 1600 SC | 185 km / h | 70 kW (95 PS) | 124 Nm at 4200 rpm | 935 kg | |
356 (1963) | 356 Carrera 2 | 200 km / h | 96 kW (130 PS) | 162 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1010 kg | 26,700 DM |
911 model | ||||||
911 (1963/1966) | 911/911 L | 210 km / h | 96 kW (130 PS) | 174 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1080 kg | |
911 (1967) | 911 T | 205 km / h | 81 kW (110 PS) | 157 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1080 kg | |
911 (1968) | 911 E. | 215 km / h | 103 kW (140 PS) | 175 Nm at 4500 rpm | 1080 kg | |
911 (1966/1968) | 911 p | 225 km / h | 118 kW (160 PS) / 125 kW (170 PS) |
182 Nm at 5500 rpm | 1030 kg | |
911 (1969) | 911 T 2.2 | 205 km / h | 92 kW (125 PS) | 176 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1110 kg | |
911 (1969) | 911 E 2.2 | 215 km / h | 114 kW (155 PS) | 191 Nm at 4500 rpm | 1110 kg | |
911 (1969) | 911 S 2.2 | 225 km / h | 132 kW (180 PS) | 199 Nm at 5200 rpm | 1110 kg | |
911 (1971) | 911 T 2.4 | 205 km / h | 96 kW (130 PS) | 196 Nm at 4000 rpm | 1050 kg | |
911 (1971) | 911 E 2.4 | 220 km / h | 121 kW (165 hp) | 206 Nm at 4500 rpm | 1075 kg | |
911 (1971) | 911 S 2.4 | 230 km / h | 140 kW (190 hp) | 216 Nm at 5200 rpm | 1075 kg | |
Model 914 | ||||||
914 (1969) | 914/4 | 177 km / h | 59 kW (80 PS) | 136 Nm at 2700 rpm | 940 kg | |
914 (1969) | 914/6 | 207 km / h | 81 kW (110 PS) | 160 Nm at 4200 rpm | 985 kg | |
914 (1973) | 914 1.7 | 177 km / h | 59 kW (80 PS) | 136 Nm at 2700 rpm | 940 kg | |
914 (1974) | 914 1.8 | 178 km / h | 63 kW (85 PS) | 950 kg | ||
914 (1973) | 914 2.0 | 190 km / h | 74 kW (100 PS) | 950 kg |
Model history from 1974 to 1996
Model (year) | designation | V max | kW (PS) | Torque | Weight | Base price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
911 model | ||||||
911 (1974) | 911 Coupé / Targa | 210 km / h | 110 kW (150 PS) | 235 Nm at 3800 rpm | 1075 kg | 26,980 / 28,980 DM |
911 (1973) | 911 S Coupé / Targa | 225 km / h | 129 kW (175 hp) | 235 Nm at 4000 rpm | 1075 kg | 30,980 / 32,980 DM |
911 (1975) | 911 Coupé / Targa | 215 km / h | 121 kW (165 hp) | 235 Nm at 4000 rpm | 1120 kg | |
911 (1977/1979) | 911 SC Coupé / Targa | 225 km / h | 132 kW (180 PS) / 138 kW (188 PS) |
265 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1160/1190 kg | |
911 (1980) | 911 SC Coupé / Targa / Cabriolet | 235 km / h | 150 kW (204 hp) | 267 Nm at 4300 rpm | 1180/1210/1210 kg | |
Model 911 (Carrera) | ||||||
911 (1973) | 911 Carrera 2.7 Coupé / Targa | 240 km / h | 154 kW (210 hp) | 255 Nm at 5100 rpm | 1085 kg | 37,980 DM (March 1974) |
911 (1973) | 911 Carrera RS 3.0 | 240 km / h | 169 kW (230 PS) | 274 Nm at 5000 rpm | 1060 kg | 64,980 DM (May 1974) |
911 (1975) | 911 Carrera 3.0 Coupé / Targa | 235 km / h | 147 kW (200 hp) | 255 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1120 kg | |
911 (1983) | 911 Carrera 3.2 Coupé / Targa / Cabriolet | 245 km / h | 170 kW (231 hp) | 284 Nm at 4800 rpm | 1210 kg | 80,500 / 84,600 / 90,800 DM |
911 with KAT (1986) | 911 Carrera 3.2 Coupé / Targa / Cabriolet | 240 km / h | 160 kW (217 hp) | 265 Nm at 4800 rpm | 1210 kg | |
964 (1989) | 911 Carrera 2 Coupé / Targa / Cabriolet | 260 km / h | 184 kW (250 PS) | 310 Nm at 4800 rpm | 1350 kg | |
964 (1988) | 911 Carrera 4 Coupé / Targa / Cabriolet | 260 km / h | 184 kW (250 PS) | 310 Nm at 4800 rpm | 1450 kg | |
964 (1992) | 911 Carrera RS | 260 km / h | 191 kW (260 hp) | 325 Nm at 4800 rpm | 1220 kg | |
964 (1993) | 911 Carrera RS 3.8 | 271 km / h | 221 kW (300 hp) | 360 Nm at 5250 rpm | 1249 kg | |
993 (1993/1995) | 911 Carrera Coupé / Targa / Cabriolet | 270/275 km / h | 200 kW (272 PS) / 210 kW (285 PS) |
330 Nm at 5000 rpm / 340 Nm at 5250 rpm |
1400 kg | |
993 (1994/1995) | 911 Carrera 4 Coupé / Cabriolet | 270/275 km / h | 200 kW (272 PS) / 210 kW (285 PS) |
330 Nm at 5000 rpm / 340 Nm at 5250 rpm |
1420 kg | |
993 (1995) | 911 Carrera S. | 270 km / h | 210 kW (285 hp) | 340 Nm at 5250 rpm | 1470 kg | |
993 (1995) | 911 Carrera 4S | 270 km / h | 210 kW (285 hp) | 340 Nm at 5250 rpm | 1470 kg | |
993 (1994) | 911 Carrera RS | 277 km / h | 221 kW (300 hp) | 355 Nm at 5400 rpm | 1270 kg | |
Model 911 (Turbo) | ||||||
930 (1974/1978) | 911 Turbo Coupé / Targa / Cabriolet | 250/260 km / h | 191 kW (260 PS) / 221 kW (300 PS) |
343 Nm at 4000 rpm / 430 Nm at 4000 rpm |
1195/1300 kg, from 1986 1335 kg |
|
965 (1990) | 911 Turbo | 270 km / h | 235 kW (320 hp) | 450 Nm at 4500 rpm | 1470 kg | |
965 (1992) | 911 Turbo S. | 290 km / h | 280 kW (381 hp) | 490 Nm at 4800 rpm | 1290 kg | |
965 (1993) | 911 Turbo 3.6 | 280 km / h | 265 kW (360 hp) | 520 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1470 kg | |
993 (1995) | 911 Turbo | 290 km / h | 300 kW (408 hp) | 540 Nm at 4500 rpm | 1500 kg | |
993 (1995) | 911 GT2 | 295 km / h | 316 kW (430 hp) | 540 Nm at 4500 rpm | 1295 kg | |
Model 924 | ||||||
924 (1975/1980) | 924 | 200/204 km / h | 92 kW (125 PS) | 165 Nm at 3500 rpm | 1080 kg | |
931 (1979/1981) | 924 turbo | 225/230 km / h | 125 kW (170 PS) / 130 kW (177 PS) | 245 Nm at 3,500 rpm / 251 Nm at 3500 rpm | 1180 kg | |
937 (1981) | 924 Carrera GT | 240 km / h | 154 kW (210 hp) | 280 Nm at 3500 rpm | 1180 kg | |
924 (1986/1988) | 924 p | 215/220 km / h | 110 kW (150 PS) / 118 kW (160 PS) | 195 Nm at 3,000 rpm / 214 Nm at 3,000 rpm | 1190 kg | |
Model 944 | ||||||
944 (1982) | 944 | 220 km / h | 120 kW (163 hp) | 205 Nm at 3000 rpm | 1180 kg | |
944 with KAT (1985) | 944 | 220 km / h | 110 kW (150 PS) | 205 Nm at 3000 rpm | 1210 kg | 61,365 DM |
944 (1985) | 944 turbo | 245 km / h | 162 kW (220 PS) | 330 Nm at 3500 rpm | 1280 kg | |
944 (1987) | 944 p | 228 km / h | 140 kW (190 hp) | 230 Nm at 4300 rpm | 1280 kg | |
944 (1988/1989) | 944 | 218/220 km / h | 118 kW (160 PS) / 121 kW (165 PS) |
210 Nm at 4,500 rpm / 225 Nm at 4200 rpm |
1260/1290 kg | 63,300 DM |
944 (1988) | 944 Turbo S. | 260 km / h | 184 kW (250 PS) | 350 Nm at 4000 rpm | 1400 kg | |
944 (1989) | 944 S2 Coupé / Cabriolet | 240 km / h | 155 kW (211 hp) | 280 Nm at 4000 rpm | 1340/1390 kg | 84,555 / 96,760 DM |
944 (1989) | 944 Turbo Coupé / Cabriolet | 260 km / h | 184 kW (250 PS) | 350 Nm at 4000 rpm | 1400/1450 kg | 97,175 DM / |
Model 968 | ||||||
968 (1992) | 968 Coupé / Cabriolet | 252 km / h | 176 kW (240 hp) | 305 Nm at 4100 rpm | 1370 kg | 97,440 / 110,640 DM |
968 (1993) | 968 CS | 252 km / h | 176 kW (240 hp) | 305 Nm at 4100 rpm | 1320 kg | 79,300 DM |
968 (1993) | 968 Turbo S Coupé / Cabriolet | 280 km / h | 224 kW (305 hp) | 500 Nm at 3000 rpm | 1370 kg | |
Model 928 | ||||||
928 (1977) | 928 | 230 km / h | 176 kW (240 hp) | 350 Nm at 3600 rpm | 1450 kg | |
928 (1980/1984) | 928 p | 250/255 km / h | 221 kW (300 PS) / 228 kW (310 PS) |
385 Nm at 4500 rpm / 400 Nm at 4100 rpm |
1450 kg, from 1986 1530 kg |
|
928 with KAT (1986) | 928 p | 250 km / h | 212 kW (288 hp) | 400 Nm at 4100 rpm | 1530 kg | |
928 (1987/1990) | 928 S4 / 928 S4 automatic | 270/265 km / h | 235 kW (320 hp) | 430 Nm at 3000 rpm | 1580/1600 kg | 134,865 / 151,880 DM |
928 (1989) | 928 GT | 275 km / h | 243 kW (330 hp) | 430 Nm at 4100 rpm | 1580 kg | 151,880 DM |
928 (1992) | 928 GTS | 275 km / h | 257 kW (350 hp) | 500 Nm at 4250 rpm | 1620 kg | 164,600 DM |
Model history since 1997
Model (year) | designation | V max | kW (PS) | Torque | Weight | Base price |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 911 (Carrera) | ||||||
996 (1997) | 911 Carrera Coupé / Cabriolet | 280 km / h | 221 kW (300 hp) | 350 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1320/1365 kg | 74,504 / 84,480 euros |
996 (1998) | 911 Carrera 4 Coupé / Cabriolet | 275 km / h | 221 kW (300 hp) | 350 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1375/1420 kg | 80,304 / 90,280 euros |
996 (2001/2003) | 911 Carrera 4S Coupé / Cabriolet | 280 km / h | 235 kW (320 hp) | 370 Nm at 4250 rpm | 1495/1565 kg | 89,816 / 99,792 euros |
996 (2001) | 911 Targa | 285 km / h | 235 kW (320 hp) | 370 Nm at 4250 rpm | 1440 kg | 82,276 euros |
997 (2004/2005) | 911 Carrera Coupé / Cabriolet | 285 km / h | 239 kW (325 hp) | 370 Nm at 4250 rpm | 1395 kg | 76,741 / 86,949 euros |
997 (2004/2005) | 911 Carrera S Coupé / Cabriolet | 293 km / h | 261 kW (355 hp) | 400 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1420 kg | 86,949 / 97,157 euros |
997 (2006) | 911 Carrera 4 Coupé / Cabriolet | 280 km / h | 239 kW (325 hp) | 370 Nm at 4250 rpm | 1450 kg | 76,741 / 82,657 euros |
997 (2006) | 911 Carrera 4S Coupé / Cabriolet | 288 km / h | 261 kW (355 hp) | 400 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1475 kg | 86,949 / 92,865 euros |
997/2 (2008) | 911 Carrera Coupé / Cabriolet | 289 km / h | 254 kW (345 hp) at 6500 rpm |
390 Nm at 4400 rpm | 1490 kg 1575 kg |
83,032 euros 93,980 euros |
997/2 (2008) | 911 Carrera S Coupé / Cabriolet | 302 km / h | 283 kW (385 hp) at 6500 rpm |
420 Nm at 4400 rpm | 1500 kg 1585 kg |
93,980 euros 104,928 euros |
997/2 (2008) | 911 Carrera 4 Coupé / Cabriolet | 284 km / h | 254 kW (345 hp) at 6500 rpm |
390 Nm at 4400 rpm | 1545 kg 1630 kg |
89,577 euros 100,525 euros |
997/2 (2008) | 911 Carrera 4S Coupé / Cabriolet | 297 km / h | 283 kW (385 hp) at 6500 rpm |
420 Nm at 4400 rpm | 1555 kg 1640 kg |
100,525 euros 111,472 euros |
997/2 (2008) | 911 Targa 4 | 284 km / h | 254 kW (345 hp) at 6500 rpm |
390 Nm at 4400 rpm | 1605 kg | 99,818 euros |
997/2 (2008) | 911 Targa 4S | 297 km / h | 283 kW (385 hp) at 6500 rpm |
420 Nm at 4400 rpm | 1615 kg | 111,004 euros |
997/2 (2010) | 911 Carrera GTS Coupé / Cabriolet | 306 km / h | 300 kW (408 hp) at 7300 rpm |
420 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1495 kg / 1590 kg | 104,935 euros / 115,050 euros |
997/2 (2010) | 911 Carrera 4 GTS Coupé / Cabriolet | 302 km / h | 300 kW (408 hp) at 7300 rpm |
420 Nm at 4200 rpm | 1555 kg / 1640 kg | 111,956 euros / 122,071 euros |
991 (2011) | 911 Carrera Coupé / Cabriolet | 289 km / h | 257 kW (350 hp) at 7,400 rpm |
390 Nm at 5,600 rpm | 1,400 kg / 1,470 kg | 90,417 euros / 103,150 euros |
991 (2011) | 911 Carrera S Coupé / Cabriolet | 304 km / h | 294 kW (400 hp) at 7,400 rpm |
440 Nm at 5,600 rpm | 1,415 kg / 1,485 kg | 105,173 euros / 117,906 euros |
991 (2011) | 911 Carrera 4 Coupé / Cabriolet | 285 km / h | 257 kW (350 hp) at 7,400 rpm |
390 Nm at 5,600 rpm | 1,450 kg / 1,520 kg | 97,557 euros / 110,290 euros |
991 (2011) | 911 Carrera 4S Coupé / Cabriolet | 299 km / h | 294 kW (400 hp) at 7,400 rpm |
440 Nm at 5,600 rpm | 1,450 kg / 1,520 kg | 97,557 euros / 110,290 euros |
911 Turbo model | ||||||
996 (2000/2003) | 911 Turbo Coupé / Cabriolet | 305 km / h | 309 kW (420 hp) | 560 Nm at 2700-4600 rpm | 1590/1660 kg | 128,676 / 138,652 euros |
996 (2004) | 911 Turbo S Coupé / Cabriolet | 307 km / h | 331 kW (450 hp) | 620 Nm at 2700-4600 rpm | 1590/1660 kg | 142,248 / 152,224 euros |
997 (2006) | 911 Turbo Coupé / Cabriolet | 310 km / h | 353 kW (480 hp) | 620 (680) Nm at 1950-5000 rpm | 1585 kg | 133,603 euros |
997/2 (2009) | 911 Turbo Coupé / Cabriolet | 312 km / h | 368 kW (500 PS) | 650 Nm ( overboost : 710 Nm) at 1950–5000 rpm (2100–4000 rpm) | 1645 kg / 1720 kg | 145,871 euros 157,057 euros |
991 (2012) | 911 Turbo Coupé / Cabriolet | 315 km / h | 383 kW (520 hp) | 660 Nm at 1950-5000 rpm | 1670 kg | 165,149 euros |
991.2 (2016) | 911 Turbo Coupé / Cabriolet | 320 km / h | 397 kW (540 hp) | 660 Nm ( overboost : 750 Nm) at 1950-5000 rpm | 1670 kg | 176,930 euros |
991 (2012) | 911 Turbo S Coupé / Cabriolet | 318 km / h | 412 kW (560 hp) | 700 Nm at 2100-4250 rpm | 1680 kg | 197,041 euros |
991.2 (2016) | 911 Turbo S Coupé / Cabriolet | 330 km / h | 427 kW (580 hp) | 750 Nm at ( overboost : 750 Nm) 2250-4000 rpm | 1675 kg | 205,133 euros |
991.2 (2017) | 911 Turbo S Exclusive | 330 km / h | 446 kW (607 hp) | 750 Nm at 2250-4000 rpm | 1675 kg | 259,992 EUR |
911 GT model | ||||||
996 (1999/2003) | 911 GT3 | 306 km / h | 280 kW (381 hp) | 385 Nm at 5000 rpm | 1380 kg | 102,112 euros |
996 (2003) | 911 GT3 Cup | 287 kW (390 hp) | 390 Nm at 6300 rpm | 1160 kg | ||
996 (2003) | 911 GT2 | 319 km / h | 355 kW (483 hp) | 640 Nm at 3500-4500 rpm | 1420 kg | 184,674 euros |
997 (2006) | 911 GT3 | 310 km / h | 305 kW (415 hp) | 405 Nm at 5500 rpm | 1395 kg | 108,083 euros |
997 (2005) | 911 GT3 Cup | 294 kW (400 hp) | 400 Nm at 6500 rpm | 1150 kg | ||
997 (2006) | 911 GT3 RS | 310 km / h | 305 kW (415 hp) | 405 Nm at 5500 rpm | 1375 kg | 133,012 euros |
997/2 (2009) | 911 GT3 RS | 310 km / h | 331 kW (450 hp) | 430 Nm at 6750 rpm | 1445 kg | 145,871 euros |
997/2 (2011) | 911 GT3 RS 4.0 | 310 km / h | 368 kW (500 PS) | 460 Nm at 5750 rpm | 1435 kg | 178,896 euros |
997 (2007) | 911 GT2 | 329 km / h | 390 kW (530 hp) | 680 Nm at 4500 rpm | 1440 kg | 189,496 euros |
997/2 (2010) | 911 GT2 RS | 330 km / h | 456 kW (620 hp) | 700 Nm at 6500 rpm | 1370 kg | 237,578 euros |
Boxster model | ||||||
986 (1996) | Boxster | 240 km / h | 150 kW (204 hp) | 245 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1250 kg | |
986 (1999) | Boxster | 250 km / h | 162 kW (220 PS) | 260 Nm at 4750 rpm | 1275 kg | |
986 (1999) | Boxster S | 260 km / h | 185 kW (252 hp) | 310 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1320 kg | |
986 (2002) | Boxster | 253 km / h | 168 kW (228 hp) | 260 Nm at 4700 rpm | 1275 kg | 42,256 euros |
986 (2002) | Boxster S | 264 km / h | 191 kW (260 hp) | 310 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1320 kg | 49,912 euros |
986 (2004) | Boxster S "50 Years of the 550 Spyder" | 266 km / h | 195 kW (266 hp) | 310 Nm at 4600 rpm | 1320 kg | 59,192 euros |
987 (2005) | Boxster | 256 km / h | 176 kW (240 hp) | 270 Nm at 4700 rpm | 1370 kg | 43,333 euros |
987 (2005) | Boxster S | 268 km / h | 206 kW (280 PS) | 320 Nm at 4700 rpm | 1420 kg | 52,265 euros |
987 (2007) | Boxster | 258 km / h | 180 kW (245 PS) | 273 Nm at 4600-6000 rpm | 1380 kg | 45,071 euros |
987 (2007) | Boxster S | 272 km / h | 217 kW (295 hp) | 340 Nm at 4600-6000 rpm | 1430 kg | 54,472 euros |
987 (2009) | Boxster | 263 km / h | 188 kW (255 hp) | 290 Nm at 4400-6000 rpm | 1335 kg | 46,506 euros |
987 (2007) | Boxster RS 60 Spyder | 274 km / h | 223 kW (303 hp) | 340 Nm at 4400-6000 rpm | 1430 kg | 63,873 euros |
987 (2009) | Boxster S | 274 km / h | 228 kW (310 hp) | 360 Nm at 4400-5500 rpm | 1355 kg | 56,373 euros |
987 (2010) | Boxster Spyder | 267 km / h | 235 kW (320 hp) | 370 Nm at 4750 rpm | 1275 kg | 63,404 euros |
981 (2012) | Boxster | 264 km / h | 195 kW (265 hp) | 280 Nm at 4500-6500 rpm | 1330 kg | 48,291 euros |
981 (2012) | Boxster S | 279 km / h | 232 kW (315 hp) | 360 Nm at 4500-5800 rpm | 1340 kg | 59,120 euros |
981 (2014) | Boxster GTS | 281 km / h | 243 kW (330 hp) | 370 Nm at 4500-5800 rpm | 1345 kg | 69,949 euros |
981 (2015) | Boxster Spyder | 290 km / h | 276 kW (375 hp) | 420 Nm at 4750-6000 rpm | 1315 kg | 79,945 euros |
982 (2016) | 718 Boxster | 275 km / h | 220 kW (300 PS) | 380 Nm at 1950-4500 rpm | 1335 kg | 54,717 euros |
982 (2016) | 718 Boxster S. | 285 km / h | 257 kW (350 hp) | 420 Nm at 1900–4500 rpm | 1355 kg | 67,212 euros |
Cayman model | ||||||
Cayman (2006) | Cayman | 258 km / h | 180 kW (245 PS) | 273 Nm at 4700 rpm | 1300 kg | 47,647 euros |
Cayman (2005) | Cayman S. | 275 km / h | 217 kW (295 hp) | 340 Nm at 4400 rpm | 1340 kg | 58,529 euros |
Cayman (2009) | Cayman | 265 km / h | 195 kW (265 hp) | 300 Nm at 4400-6000 rpm | 1405 kg | 50,790 euros |
Cayman (2009) | Cayman S. | 277 km / h | 235 kW (320 hp) | 370 Nm at 4750 rpm | 1425 kg | 62,571 euros |
Cayman (2010) | Cayman R | 282 km / h | 242 kW (330 hp) | 370 Nm at 4750 rpm | 1370 kg | 69,830 euros |
Cayman (2013) | Cayman | 266 km / h | 202 kW (275 hp) | 290 Nm at 4500-6500 rpm | 1330 kg | 51,385 euros |
Cayman (2013) | Cayman S. | 283 km / h | 239 kW (325 hp) | 370 Nm at 4500-5800 rpm | 1340 kg | 64,118 euros |
Cayman (2014) | Cayman GTS | 285 km / h | 250 kW (340 hp) | 380 Nm at 4750-5800 rpm | 1345 kg | 73,757 euros |
Cayman (2015) | Cayman GT4 | 295 km / h | 283 kW (385 hp) | 420 Nm at 4750-6000 rpm | 1340 kg | 85,776 euros |
Cayman (2016) | 718 Cayman | 275 km / h | 220 kW (300 PS) | 380 Nm at 1950-4500 rpm | 1335 kg | 52,694 euros |
Cayman (2016) | 718 Cayman S. | 285 km / h | 257 kW (350 hp) | 420 Nm at 1900–4500 rpm | 1430 kg | 65,189 euros |
Cayman (2018) | 718 Cayman GTS | 290 km / h | 269 kW (365 PS) | 430 Nm at 1900-5500 rpm | 1375 kg | |
Cayman (2019) | 718 Cayman T | 275 km / h | 220 kW (300 PS) | 380 Nm at 2150-4500 rpm | 1350 kg | |
Cayenne model | ||||||
Cayenne (2003) | Cayenne | 214 km / h | 184 kW (250 PS) | 310 Nm at 2500-5500 rpm | 2160 kg | 49,017 euros |
Cayenne (2007) | Cayenne | 227 km / h | 213 kW (290 hp) | 385 Nm at 3000 rpm | 2160 kg | 51,735 euros |
Cayenne (2010) | Cayenne | 230 km / h | 220 kW (300 PS) | 400 Nm at 3000 rpm | 2100 kg | 59,358 euros |
Cayenne (2002) | Cayenne S. | 242 km / h | 250 kW (340 hp) | 420 Nm at 2500-5500 rpm | 2225 kg | 63,285 euros |
Cayenne (2007) | Cayenne S. | 252 km / h | 283 kW (385 hp) | 500 Nm at 3500 rpm | 2225 kg | 66,610 euros |
Cayenne (2010) | Cayenne S. | 258 km / h | 294 kW (400 hp) | 500 Nm at 3500 rpm | 2120 kg | 76,613 euros |
Cayenne (2007) | Cayenne GTS | 253 km / h | 298 kW (405 hp) | 500 Nm at 3500 rpm | 2225 kg | 76,725 euros |
Cayenne (2012) | Cayenne GTS | 261 km / h | 309 kW (420 hp) | 515 Nm at 3500 rpm | 2070 kg | 79,458 euros |
Cayenne (2002) | Cayenne Turbo | 266 km / h | 331 kW (450 hp) | 620 Nm at 2250-4750 rpm | 2355 kg | 101,913 euros |
Cayenne (2007) | Cayenne Turbo | 275 km / h | 368 kW (500 PS) | 700 Nm at 2250-4500 rpm | 2355 kg | 108,617 euros |
Cayenne (2010) | Cayenne Turbo | 278 km / h | 368 kW (500 PS) | 700 Nm at 2250-4500 rpm | 2245 kg | 128,458 euros |
Cayenne (2004) | Cayenne Turbo Kit | 270 km / h | 368 kW (500 PS) | 700 Nm | 2249 kg | 116,877 euros |
Cayenne (2006) | Cayenne Turbo S. | 270 km / h | 383 kW (521 hp) | 720 Nm at 2750-3750 rpm | 2355 kg | 117,573 euros |
Cayenne (2008) | Cayenne Turbo S. | 280 km / h | 404 kW (550 PS) | 750 Nm at 2250-4500 rpm | 2355 kg | 132,774 euros |
Cayenne (2010) | Cayenne Turbo S. | 280 km / h | 404 kW (550 PS) | 750 Nm at 2250-4500 rpm | 2289 kg | 133,885 euros |
Carrera GT model | ||||||
Carrera GT (2003) | Carrera GT | 334 km / h | 450 kW (612 hp) | 590 Nm at 5750 rpm | 1380 kg | 452,400 euros |
Model 918 Spyder | ||||||
918 Spyder (2013) | 918 Spyder | 345 km / h | 447 kW (608 hp) | 1280 Nm at 1000 rpm | 1642 kg | 768,026 euros |
race car
construction time | model series | annotation | image |
---|---|---|---|
Racing car with a boxer engine |
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1953-1956 | Porsche 550 | A racing car developed from the Porsche 356. The top version in 1956 was the 550 A with a tubular space frame instead of the ladder frame. | |
1956 | Porsche 645 | The Porsche 645 was planned as the successor to the Porsche 550. After an accident in which the prototype burned, development was stopped in favor of the Porsche 718. | |
1957-1961 | Porsche 718 | An improved two-seater version of the previous model, the Porsche 550. Was also used as a single-seater in Formula 2 (photo), and due to rule changes from 1961 into a Formula 1 car. | |
1961 | Porsche 787 | The Porsche 787 is a racing car from Porsche. It was designed for Formula 2 and was also used briefly in Formula 1 in 1961. | |
1961–1962 | Porsche 804 | Successor to the 718 in F1, the only racing car that Porsche built specifically for Formula 1. | |
1963-1965 | Porsche 904 | The famous racing car which, as the Carrera GTS, brought home many racing victories for Porsche until the mid-1960s. | |
1966-1967 | Porsche 906 | This racing car was sold by Porsche as the Carrera 6 and was the successor to the Porsche 904. | |
1967-1968 | Porsche 907 | Based on the Porsche 910, this prototype was used in racing at the end of the 1960s. | |
1967-1971 | Porsche 908 | The last eight-cylinder racing car that emerged from a series of developments in many Porsche racing cars in the 1960s and continued to be developed until 1971. | |
1968 | Porsche 909 Bergspyder | A light combination of various Porsche racing cars, specially designed for the hill climb championship. | |
1966-1968 | Porsche 910 | The successor to the Porsche 906 and predecessor to the 907. It was also called Carrera 10. | |
1976-1977 | Porsche 934 | This racing car was developed from the production model Porsche 930 for Group 4 of the FIA . | |
1976-1981 | Porsche 935 | This racing car was developed from the production model Porsche 930 for Group 5 of the FIA. | |
1976-1981 | Porsche 936 | As an open racing sports car, a parallel development to the Porsche 935 for Group 6 of the FIA and the sports car world championship . | |
1980 | Porsche Interscope "Indy" | A racing car developed by Porsche for the Indianapolis 500 mile race. Due to changes in the regulations, Porsche ended the project prematurely. The car was never used in a race. | |
1982-1984 | Porsche 956 | The racing car that Porsche and many customers successfully used in the 1980s. | |
1985-1986 | Porsche 961 | Racing car based on the Porsche 959 for Le Mans. | |
1984-1991 | Porsche 962 | A further development of the Porsche 956. Extended wheelbase was necessary due to a rule change. | |
1996-1998 | Porsche 911 GT1 | The water-cooled mid-engine racing car achieved a one-two victory at Le Mans in 1998. A total of 25 vehicles were built between 1996 and 1998 for homologation. | |
since 1995 | Porsche 911 GT2 | A sports version of the 911 Turbo originally built as a racing version. | |
since 1998 | Porsche 911 GT3 | A naturally aspirated street 911. Now available in the third generation. Racing versions R and RSR . | |
Racing car with an in- line engine |
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1981 | Porsche 937 | The Porsche 924 Carrera GTS was developed for private racing use. Thanks to an individual TÜV approval, the wagons were also given road traffic approval. | |
1980-1981 | Porsche 939 | The Porsche 924 Carrera GTP was specially developed for use in the Le Mans 24-hour race. The homologated racing car Porsche 924 Carrera GTR was later developed from this. | |
Racing car with V-engine |
|||
1969-1973 | Porsche 917 | Sports car with a 180 ° V engine. Also as a Porsche 917/10 and Porsche 917/30 Spyder with turbo engine. | |
1988-1990 | Porsche 2708 CART | Single-seat racing car with an aluminum-plastic monocoque and a specially developed V8 engine for the American CART series . | |
2005-2008 | Porsche RS Spyder | The first Porsche developed specifically for racing since the 911 GT1 (1998). The RS Spyder has a V8 mid-engine and complies with the LMP2 regulations. He was used, among other things, by the Penske Racing team in the ALMS. | |
2014–
2018 |
Porsche 919 | LMP1 prototype , developed for use in the WEC . Has a two-liter V4 turbo engine and a hybrid system , consisting of a KERS on the front axle and a generator unit on the turbocharger . Winner of the Le Mans 24h in 2015 , 2016 and 2017 . Was further developed in 2018 to the 919 Evo without wanting to use it for racing. Holds the lap record in Spa-Francorchamps and currently holds it on the Nordschleife. |
Prototypes and other development projects
construction time | model series | annotation | image |
---|---|---|---|
1939 | Porsche Type 64 | One of 3 built prototypes that ran under the designation test car "Berlin-Rome". | |
Boxer engine prototypes |
|||
1947-1948 | Porsche 356 No. 1 Roadster | The foundation stone for the sports car manufacturer Porsche in its current form and as the first vehicle to bear the Porsche name , perhaps one of the most important milestones for the Zuffenhausen-based company . | |
Off-road vehicle prototype |
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1953 | Porsche 597 | The Porsche 597 (Jagdwagen) is an off-road vehicle that was designed as a prototype for the Bundeswehr. | |
Other developments / development projects |
|||
1950-1963 | Porsche tractor | The second mainstay of Porsche in the 1950s were tractors. | |
1987-1989 | Porsche PFM 3200 | Aircraft engines: Porsche's attempt to open up new markets in the late 1980s. | |
1988 | Porsche 989 | The prototype of a sporty sedan initiated under the aegis of Arno Bohn, which however did not get beyond the prototype stage, can today be seen as the forerunner of the Panamera , which was released in 2009 . | |
1989 | Porsche Panamericana | The Porsche Panamericana is a study by Porsche based on the Porsche 964. | |
2015 | Porsche Mission E. | The Porsche Mission E is a study by Porsche for an electric vehicle that will go into series production in 2020 with minor changes. | |
2018 | Project Gold 993 Porsche 911 Turbo | The last 911 generation with an air-cooled engine. Produced only once. Should be auctioned on October 27, 2018. |
Motorsport
The first race and class victory of a Porsche came on August 1, 1948, when Herbert Kaes, a nephew of Ferdinand Porsche, drove the prototype Porsche 356 No. 1 at the city race in Innsbruck.
Porsche's first works outing in motorsport was in 1951 at the Le Mans 24-hour race , which Porsche has now won 19 times. Private drivers such as Walter Glöckler , Otto Mathé , Rudolph Sauerwein and Heinrich Graf von der Mühle-Eckart had already made the brand known in the previous three years. Since then, the Porsche works team has achieved well over 50 victories in the sports car world championship.
Although Porsche's motorsport commitment to this day has mainly focused on sports car races, the company was also active as a chassis and engine supplier in formula racing at various times , including Formula 2 and Formula 1 . In the early 1960s, Porsche also appeared as a works team in formula racing.
The return to formula racing came only 20 years later as an engine supplier in the 1983 season . With funding and naming by the company Techniques d'Avant Garde (TAG), Porsche provided turbo engines for the McLaren team. In 1984 drivers Niki Lauda and Alain Prost won twelve of the 16 races of the season with the McLaren MP4 / 2 , with three double victories for the two drivers, and gave the team an overwhelming victory in the Constructors' World Championship, in which McLaren had a lead of Scored 86 points ahead of Ferrari. Niki Lauda became world champion. In 1985 , his team-mate Alain Prost prevailed and secured another championship for Porsche. At the end of the 1987 season , the cooperation between Porsche, TAG and McLaren ended. The last chapter of Porsche's Formula 1 involvement took place in 1991 with the Footwork team . The races of these vehicles were disappointing, however, and after the sixth race, the Mexican Grand Prix, the cooperation between Footwork and Porsche was therefore ended by mutual agreement.
Between 1987 and 1990, Porsche competed in the Champ Car Championship as its own team . Porsche vehicles were also used in rallying . For example, Vic Elford and Björn Waldegård won the Monte Carlo Rally in 1968, 1969 and 1970 in a Porsche 911 . Porsche was also able to win the International Championship for Manufacturers in 1970 as the forerunner of the World Rally Championship . In the short-lived Group B of the 1980s, a rally version of the Porsche 959 was also used.
Porsche Museum
Since 1976, Porsche has had its own factory museum on the factory premises, in which constantly changing exhibits were presented. In 2005 the company commissioned a new Porsche Museum on Porsche-Platz in Zuffenhausen, which was opened to the public on January 31, 2009.
Other Information
Porsche nomenclature
- All-wheel drive sports cars have the suffix “4”, for example Carrera 4
- Models with better equipment and engines have the suffix “S”, for example Carrera S or Cayenne S. The designation “S” stands for “Sport” and was first used on the Porsche 356 .
- "Turbo" models have a turbocharger
- CS models (CS stands for " C lub S port") are Porsche road vehicles with special equipment suitable for motorsport, such as the Porsche 968 CS
- GT models are models with mostly less comfort and mostly a strong focus on purism and sportiness. Exceptions: for example 928 GTS.
- GT Cup models are versions of the road models of the Porsche 911 GT3 that have been optimized for racing
- Since 2011, GTS models have stood for the most powerful naturally aspirated engine variant of a series with high standard equipment (e.g. 911 Carrera GTS, Panamera GTS)
- RS models (RS stands for “ R enn S port”) are street-legal Porsche homologation vehicles such as the Porsche 911 Carrera RS 2.7
- RSR models (RSR stands for " R enn S port R ennwagen") are racing cars without road approval, such as the Porsche 911 GT3 RSR
- " Targa " is the name for Porsche sports cars with a retractable glass or plastic roof. The name comes from the Targa Florio , which is Italian and means shield . Up to the year of construction 1993 the Targa models had a completely removable roof section, since the Porsche 993 Targa introduced in 1996 they have had a so-called panorama glass roof.
- “ Carrera ” was originally the addition to the name for more powerfully motorized vehicles (for example 356 Carrera or 911 Carrera) as the base model. The “ Carrera Panamericana ” long-distance races, in which Porsche racing cars were very successful, were used to find a name .
- Porsche is starting to use artificial names instead of the previous numbers (911 or 944). Examples are Cayenne, Panamera, Cayman, Boxster or Macan.
Others
The computer game Need for Speed: Porsche was produced in cooperation with the game manufacturer EA Sports . The game is about driving and tuning Porsche vehicles from the first 356 to the 996 Turbo. There is also a game mode in which, as a test driver at Porsche, you have to tackle various driving tasks.
The braking systems of Porsche vehicles are mostly manufactured by Brembo in Italy according to Porsche specifications and equipped with brake pads from Textar and Pagid . Various suppliers of retrofit parts also market vehicle-adapted Porsche / Brembo brake systems for other car models.
There are numerous tuning companies that convert or add to Porsche vehicles. Alois Ruf from Pfaffenhausen is a registered automobile manufacturer with his Porsche conversions. The vehicles are sold under the brand name RUF .
Well-known tuning companies in the Stuttgart area are Gemballa , Techart and SpeedART.
literature
- Wolfram Pyta , Nils Havemann and Jutta Braun: Porsche. From design office to global brand. Siedler Verlag, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8275-0100-4 .
- Jürgen Barth , Gustav Büsing: The new big book of Porsche types. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-613-02438-1 (3 volumes).
- Börry Lauenstein: Porsche type customer. All series models since 1950. Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 3-7688-1694-X .
- Thomas Agethen, Sigmund Walter: Type compass Porsche. Passenger car since 1948. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2003, ISBN 3-613-02157-9 .
- Jörg Austen: Porsche type compass. Sports car since 1948. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2007, ISBN 978-3-613-02710-7 .
- Marc Bongers: Porsche. Series vehicles and sports cars since 1948. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-613-02388-1 .
- Nicky Wright: Porsche. Dream car made in Germany. Orbis, Munich 1990, ISBN 3-572-09989-7 .
Web links
- www.porsche.de
- Porsche Live - Porsche blog
- Porsche Engineering - German website for Porsche customer development
- Porsche Newsroom - German website of the Porsche Communication department
Individual evidence
- ↑ Dr. Ing.hc F. Porsche AG: Annual Report 2017. Accessed January 30, 2019 .
- ↑ Porsche AG: porsche newsroom. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ↑ Porsche AG: porsche newsroom. Retrieved July 23, 2020 .
- ^ Rudolf Vierhaus: German biographical encyclopedia: (DBE) . Walter de Gruyter, 2007, ISBN 978-3-598-25038-5 , p. 34 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
- ↑ Porsche Newsroom: The Porsche story. Retrieved June 13, 2016 .
- ↑ Porsche Newsroom: The Porsche Story 2. Accessed June 13, 2016 .
- ^ Wolfram Pyta, Nils Havemann and Jutta Braun: Porsche. From design office to global brand. Siedler, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8275-0100-4 , p. 37.
- ^ Wolfram Pyta, Nils Havemann and Jutta Braun: Porsche. From design office to global brand. Siedler, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8275-0100-4 , p. 120.
- ^ Wolfram Pyta, Nils Havemann and Jutta Braun: Porsche. From design office to global brand. Siedler, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8275-0100-4 , p. 122.
- ^ Wolfram Pyta, Nils Havemann and Jutta Braun: Porsche. From design office to global brand. Siedler, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8275-0100-4 , p. 131.
- ↑ Bernd Wiersch: The Beetle Chronicle, The story of a car legend . 2nd Edition. Delius Klasing, Bielefeld 2005, ISBN 978-3-7688-1695-3 , p. 11 .
- ↑ Hans Mommsen, Manfred Grieger: The Volkswagen factory and its workers in the Third Reich. P. 75.
- ^ Siegfried Rauch, Reiner Scharfenberg, Günter Sengfelder: Zündapp 1922–1984. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 2006, ISBN 978-3-613-02684-1 .
- ^ Wolfram Pyta, Nils Havemann and Jutta Braun: Porsche. From design office to global brand. Siedler, Munich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8275-0100-4 , p. 87.
- ↑ Hans Mommsen, Manfred Grieger: The Volkswagen factory and its workers in the Third Reich. P. 146.
- ↑ Hans Mommsen, Manfred Grieger: The Volkswagen factory and its workers in the Third Reich. P. 643.
- ^ A b Jürgen Pander: PORSCHE DEVELOPMENTS Tanks, forklifts, cruisers . In Spiegel-Online from April 21, 2006
- ↑ History / milestones on the Porsche homepage
- ↑ Hans Mommsen, Manfred Grieger: The Volkswagen factory and its workers in the Third Reich. P. 471.
- ^ Ulrich Viehöver: Ferdinand Porsche In: Hermann G. Abmayr (Ed.): Stuttgarter NS-Täter. From fellow travelers to mass murderers . Butterfly Verlag, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-89657-136-6 , p. 253.
- ^ Ulrich Viehöver: Ferdinand Porsche In: Hermann G. Abmayr (Ed.): Stuttgarter NS-Täter. From fellow travelers to mass murderers . Butterfly Verlag, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-89657-136-6 , p. 249.
- ^ Ulrich Viehöver: Ferdinand Porsche In: Hermann G. Abmayr (Ed.): Stuttgarter NS-Täter. From fellow travelers to mass murderers . Butterfly Verlag, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-89657-136-6 , p. 254.
- ↑ a b Hans Mommsen, Manfred Grieger: The Volkswagen factory and its workers in the Third Reich. P. 938 f.
- ^ Ulrich Viehöver: Ferdinand Porsche In: Hermann G. Abmayr (Ed.): Stuttgarter NS-Täter. From fellow travelers to mass murderers . Butterfly Verlag, Stuttgart 2009, ISBN 978-3-89657-136-6 , p. 263.
- ↑ Dietmar H. Lamparter: Courageous - but clever. Retrieved August 8, 2016 .
- ↑ Porsche Newsroom: The Porsche Story 8. Accessed August 8, 2016 .
- ↑ Porsche Newsroom: The new Cayenne. Retrieved August 8, 2016 .
- ↑ Agenda for the Extraordinary General Meeting on June 26, 2007
- ↑ Press release from Porsche Automobil Holding SE of May 6, 2009 ( Memento of June 4, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Anselm Waldermann: Merger instead of takeover - Wiedeking fails with attack on Volkswagen . In: Spiegel-Online, May 6, 2009.
- ↑ Tagesschau from July 23, 2009: Wiedeking is leaving - VW is coming
- ↑ Porsche SE - website: Press release from Porsche Automobil Holding SE. (No longer available online.) At: www.porsche-se.com , December 7, 2009, formerly in the original ; Retrieved December 7, 2009 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )
- ↑ Volkswagen AG: Volkswagen takes a 49.9 percent stake in Porsche AG, corporate announcement of December 7, 2009 ( memo of January 12, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Volkswagen takes over the remaining shares in Porsche at handelszeitung.de, August 1, 2012
- ↑ Jürgen Pander: Joyride in a legend (Spiegel-Online, June 9, 2009)
- ↑ a b Porsche Newsroom: Our best horse in the stable. Retrieved August 9, 2016 .
- ↑ Lothar Boschen / Jürgen Barth: The great book of Porsche types . Motorbuch Verlag, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-613-01284-7 , p. 48.
- ↑ History of the emblem on Komenda.at ( Memento of 15 June 2013 Internet Archive )
- ↑ Seal of approval from Porsche: Our coat of arms
- ↑ on the Porsche crest porsche.com, December 10, 2012
- ↑ Law on colors and coats of arms of Württemberg of February 20, 1922 (RegBl 1922, page 105)
- ↑ Coat of arms from 1933
- ↑ a b Diesel scandal: Porsche has to pay a fine of 535 million euros . In: Spiegel Online . May 7, 2019 ( spiegel.de [accessed May 7, 2019]).
- ↑ "60,000 Porsches have to be recalled" augsburger-allgemeine.de of May 18, 2018
- ↑ Stefan Menzel: "Why Porsche is now banning the diesel engine" Handelsblatt of September 23, 2018
- ↑ The Federal Motor Transport Authority has not intervened against fraudulent emissions control at Porsche and Audi diesel sedans and diesel SUVs for over three years. Retrieved July 2, 2019 .
- ↑ Malte Kreutzfeldt: Diesel scandal and environmental associations: VW prohibits exhaust gas criticism In: taz.de , April 5, 2017, accessed on July 3, 2019.
- ↑ Production abroad. More and more German cars are mixed race. on SPIEGEL ONLINE from October 30, 2006
- ↑ About Porsche Germany. Retrieved December 5, 2016 .
- ^ Marc Bongers: Porsche. Series vehicles and sports cars since 1948. Motorbuch, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-613-02388-1 , page 9.
- ^ France: Porsche opens Classic Center. In: Porsche Newsroom. November 25, 2016. Retrieved December 5, 2016 .
- ↑ LA: Porsche opens new Experience Center. In: Porsche Newsroom. November 14, 2016, accessed December 5, 2016 .
- ↑ Dr. Hc F. Porsche AG: Porsche Deutschland GmbH - Addresses and directions - Contact and information - Dr. Ing. Ing.hc F. Porsche AG at: www.porsche.com/germany, January 6, 2009.
- ↑ Annual Report 2013 (PDF) Porsche AG, accessed on August 12, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Porsche Newsroom: Porsche at a glance. Retrieved May 24, 2016 .
- ↑ Key figures comparison financial data. Porsche AG, accessed on August 12, 2019 .
- ↑ a b Brief overview of the group. Porsche AG, accessed on August 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Profitability of the car companies: Ferrari earns 69,000 euros per car - Tesla loses 11,000 euros. In: Manager Magazin . August 8, 2018. Retrieved August 8, 2018 .
- ↑ KBA Statistics - New registrations in 2017 by brand, manufacturer. Federal Motor Transport Authority, accessed on February 9, 2019 .
- ↑ KBA statistics - new registrations in 2016 by brand, manufacturer. (PDF) Federal Motor Transport Authority, accessed on February 9, 2019 .
- ^ Board of Management of Porsche AG. Porsche AG, accessed on August 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Supervisory Board of Porsche AG. Porsche AG, accessed on August 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Porsche hybrid racing cars faster than Formula 1 . In: Porsche Newsroom . ( porsche.com [accessed on May 23, 2018]).
- ↑ 5: 19.55 minutes - Porsche 919 Hybrid Evo sets record . In: Porsche Newsroom . ( porsche.com [accessed June 30, 2018]).
- ↑ Uli Baumann: Porsche Mission E (Code J1): Electric athlete goes SO into series - almost. Retrieved July 24, 2016 .
- ↑ Porsche says goodbye to Diesel. In: cash.ch . Retrieved September 23, 2018 .
- ↑ Benjamin Zhang: The almighty air-cooled Porsche 911 Turbo has returned, sort of. Retrieved August 30, 2018 .
- ^ Salzburg Wiki. Herbert Kaes. Retrieved August 9, 2016
- ↑ Porsche Museum. Milestones. Retrieved August 9, 2016.
- ↑ newsroom.porsche.com: 19th overall win for Porsche in Le Mans
- ↑ Michael Behrndt: Porsche racing Chronicle . Heel Verlag, Königswinter 2015, ISBN 978-3-95843-045-7 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 50 ′ 7.5 ″ N , 9 ° 9 ′ 6.7 ″ E