Josef Mickl

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Josef Mickl ( Serbian - Cyrillic Јосип Микл ) (* 1885 in Klagenfurt ; † 25 August 1965 there ) was an aerospace and mechanical engineer, pilot (pilot), designer of seaplanes in Austria-Hungary and the Kingdom of Yugoslavia , and a member of the project team Porsche.

biography

Josef Mickl was born in Klagenfurt in 1885. He studied in Graz and Vienna. After graduating, he lived and worked in Pola (Pula), Vienna, Novi Sad, Zemun and Stuttgart. He retired as a respected aerospace engineer on August 25, 1950. He died in 1965 at the age of 80. At the end of his life he wrote: “ During an engineering life that was accompanied by many disappointments but also by successes, I tried to achieve a happy synthesis between artist, journeyman locksmith and scholar. As far as my limited capacity for knowledge allowed, I tried to understand the great deeds of the illustrious scientists and mathematicians from past and present and to appreciate them in order to humbly find my way around the mysterious and miraculous world between the atomic nucleus and the universe. "

Working in Austria

He was a pioneer in the Austro-Hungarian Air Force. In 1910 he started to build the first seaplanes (Mickl planes) in the arsenal in Pula. In July 1912, the first Austro-Hungarian seaplane of the kuk Marineluftwaffe (MLW) was delivered as " Marineapparat I ". By the First World War , J. Mickl developed three different types of seaplane with low-power engines. Between 1914 and 1918 another five types of seaplane of different categories followed. The most successful model in terms of numbers came from the series for the Austro-Hungarian MLW. On June 4, 1915 Mickl passed the relevant exams as the seventh seaplane pilot. Before and during the First World War, he worked as head of the seaplane design office within ÖFFAG .

The peace treaty of Saint-Germain (September 10, 1919) prohibited Austria from producing aircraft and maintaining an air force. As a result, Mickl also lost his job. A new challenge was presented to him in the building department of the Austro-Daimler factory . The boss at the time was the famous Austrian automobile designer Ferdinand Porsche . Together with F. Porsche, Mickl worked on the structure and engine of the famous Sascha racing car .

Working in the Air Force of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia

At the invitation of General Milan Emil Uzelac , Head of the Air Force Department in the Ministry of the Army and Navy of the Kingdom of SHS / Yugoslavia, Mickl worked as an aviation expert and designer in the technical aircraft maintenance department of the Kingdom of SHS / Yugoslavia from mid-1922. In addition, he worked together with R. Fizir (aeronautical engineer) and a group of Russian emigrants under the direction of N. Žučenko in the newly founded Air Force Arsenal in Petrovaradin on the establishment of the series production of the training aircraft Small and Central Brandenburg. Under his own direction, he developed and produced a school float plane, which was acquired by the state for the Navy Air Force (MLW).

Working at Ikarus

At the instigation of D. Konjovića, Mikl quit his position in the Arsenal in autumn 1923 and started a new job in the “Ikarus” factory. Until 1929 he worked as technical director and construction manager. He was also a co-founder and shareholder. In 1924 the first aircraft of the type "Ikarus SB" (Brandenburg School) also known as the "Kleine Brandenburg" were delivered. In addition, he developed a school floatplane prototype called "Ikarus SM" also called "Schimika" at this time. In the following year, 36 units of this type were delivered to MLW. The very long service life of 18 years for aircraft made of wood illustrates the high quality of the construction and manufacture. In May 1926 Mickl finished the development of a second seaplane for the Kingdom of SHS / Yugoslavia. This was a reconnaissance aircraft called Ikarus IM (naval reconnaissance aircraft) equipped with a BMW IVa engine with 250 hp. However, the prototype was destroyed on the first flight due to a pilot's error on May 31, 1926. Both the pilot (Ivo Schuman) and his co-pilot were killed. Also in 1926 Mickl developed the prototype of another seaplane called "Ikarus IO" (coastal reconnaissance aircraft) with a Liberty L-12 engine with 400 hp. A total of 37 of these seaplanes were delivered to MLW between 1928 and 1931. The original designations were IO / Li and they were in service until April 1941. The last seaplane designed by Mickl at Ikarus was the "Ikarus IM.2" with shorter lower wings and the same Liberty engine. The flight tests of this type were carried out at the end of 1928, but did not meet the expectations of the MLW. In an international competition in France in 1929, the two-seater civil aircraft of the type "Sivi Soko" designed by Mickl disappointed. The successful Ikarus 5 aircraft based on his work, of which 150 aircraft were produced, emerged after Ikarus left and returned to Austria. This success is mainly due to his work.

Working in the Porsche design office

After his return to Austria, Ferdinand Porsche brought the talented aerodynamicist and mathematician to the newly established “Porsche” design office in Stuttgart (Porsche Konstruktionen GmbH) in 1931. His area of ​​responsibility included, among other things, the solution of aerodynamic problems in racing cars and engines. Among other things, he worked on the racing and record-breaking cars of Auto Union (now Audi) and developed the body of the record-breaking Mercedes-Benz T 80 .

Mickl also dealt with the development of alternative energy sources and registered a total of 15 mechanical engineering patents between 1926 and 1957.

Aircraft projects

Aircraft projects in Austria-Hungary

  • Mickl No. 1 - Experimental seaplane with a 40 HP Daimler engine, 1 piece, 1912,
  • Mickl Type A - school seaplane with an 80 HP Gnome Rhone engine, 3 pieces, 1913,
  • Lohner Type E - water fighter plane - joint project Etrih, Mickl and Paulal with a 100 hp Gnome engine, 1 piece, 1913.
  • Mickl Type S - school seaplane with an 80 HP Gnome engine, 7 pieces, 1914-1915,
  • Mickl Type G - long-range reconnaissance / bomber with three engines Hiro 3 × 200/225/240 hp, 10 pieces, 1915-1916.
  • Mickl type A100 - combat seaplane with Hiro 200/230 HP engine, 17 pieces in 1918,
  • Mickl type A2.100 - fighter seaplane with a 240-hp engine, Hiro, 1 piece, 1918,
  • Mickl Type R - long-range reconnaissance seaplane with 345 hp Daimler engine, 2 pieces, 1918

Aircraft projects in Yugoslavia

  • Ikarus SM - school seaplane series production from 1924 to 1930, 42 pieces manufactured
  • Ikarus IM - naval reconnaissance prototype, 1 piece, 1926
  • Ikarus IO - coastal reconnaissance seaplane Series production of 1926, produced 37 pieces
  • Sivi Soko - 1924–1927 prototype touring plane, 1 piece,
  • Ikarus IM.2 - naval reconnaissance prototype 1928, 1 piece.

Honors

For his contribution to the development of the Austro-Hungarian naval aviation engineer Joseph Mickl has received the following awards:

literature

  1. Keimel, Reinhard (1981.). "The seaplanes of the kuk Kriegsmarine from 1912 - 1918". Austria's aircraft - history of aviation from the beginning until the end of 1918. AT-Graz: H.Weishaupt Verlag. стр. 410. ISBN 3-900310-03-3 .
  2. Hauke, Ervin; Walter Schreder, Bernhard Tötschinger (1988.). The aircraft of the Austro-Hungarian Aviation Troops and Seafarers 1914–1918. AT-Graz: H.Weishaupt Verlag. стр. 224. ISBN 3-900310-46-7 .
  3. Haberfellner, Wernfried; Walter Schröder (1993.). Wiener-Neustädter Flugzeugwerke GmbH. AT-Graz: Weishaupt. ISBN 3-7059-0000-5 .
  4. Јанић, Чедомир (фебруар 2000.). Архив. "Икарусов хидроплан". Аеромагазин (YU-Београд: ББ Софт) 15: стр. 32-34. ISSN  1450-6068 .
  5. Јанић, Чедомир; Петровић, Огњан; (2010.). Век авијације у Србији 1910–2010, 225 значајних летелица. Београд: Аерокомуникације. ISBN 978-86-913973-0-2 .
  6. Грујић, З. (1998.). Фабрика аероплана и хидроплана ИКАРУС а.д .. YU-Београд: Аеро магазин бр.6.
  7. Isaić, Vladimir; Danijel Frka (2010.). Pomorsko zrakoplovstvo na istočnoj obali Jadrana 1918–1941. (prvi dio). Zagreb: Tko zna zna doo .. ISBN 978-953-97564-6-6 .
  8. Schupita, Peter (1983.). The kuk Seeflieger. Bernard & Graefe Verlag Koblenz.
  9. Димитријевић, Бојан; П.Миладиновић, М.Мицевски; (2012.). Краљевско Ваздхопловство - Војно ваздухопловство Краљевине СХС / Југославије 1918–1944. Београд: Институт за савремену историју. ISBN 978-86-7403-169-8 .
  10. Жутић, Никола; Бошковић Лазар. (1999.), Икарус - Икарбус: 1923 - 1998. YU-Београд: Икарбус.
  11. Oštrić, Š, Krila domaćih ruku i pameti, Aeromagazin br.21, Beograd, BB Soft, ISSN  1450-6068 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.vazduhoplovnetradicijesrbije.rs/index.php/biografije/69-josip-mikl
  2. ↑ Keimel, Reinhard (1981): The sea planes of the kuk Kriegsmarine from 1912 - 1918 . Austria's aircraft history in aviation from its beginnings to the end of 1918. AT-Graz: H.Weishaupt Verlag. ISBN 3-900310-03-3 .
  3. ↑ Haberfellner, Wernfried; Walter Schroeder (1993): Wiener Neustädter Flugzeugwerke GmbH. AT-Graz, Weishaupt. ISBN 3-7059-0000-5 .
  4. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from January 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.komenda.at
  5. ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from October 10, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.komenda.at
  6. ↑ http://firmen.wko.at/Web/DetailsKontakt.aspx?FirmaID=473bae39-605a-4cb5-af85-ae2a8410deb2&AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1
personal data
SURNAME Mickl, Josef
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian aerospace and mechanical engineer and pilot
DATE OF BIRTH 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Klagenfurt
DATE OF DEATH August 25, 1965
Place of death Klagenfurt