Mazda

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Mazda (Motor Corporation)

logo
legal form Kabushiki-gaisha (joint stock company)
ISIN JP3868400007
founding January 30, 1920
Seat Fuchū , Hiroshima , Japan
Number of employees 49,998 (2019)
sales 3.47 trillion Yen (27.7 billion euros ) (2018)
Branch Automobile manufacturing
Website www.mazda.com

The company Mazda Motor Corporation ( jap. マツダ株式会社 Matsuda Kabushiki-gaisha ) listed in the Nikkei 225 , is a Japanese automobile - manufacturer based in Fuchū . In addition to production facilities in Japan - the main plant in Fuchū and Hiroshima , the Ujina plant in Ujina, Minami-ku , Hiroshima and the Hōfu plant in Hōfu - Mazda models have been and are manufactured at locations all over the world.

history

Mazda Motor Corporation headquarters in Hiroshima

Today's Mazda Motor Corporation was founded in 1920 by Jujiro Matsuda as Tōyō Cork Kōgyō KK ( 東洋 コ ル ク 工業 株式会社 , Tōyō Koruku Kōgyō kabushiki-gaisha ; English Toyo Cork Kogyo Ltd. ) and was dedicated to the processing of cork . In 1927 the company was changed to Tōyō Kōgyō KK (English Toyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. ). Machine components were manufactured for the first time in 1928, and motorcycles were also produced from 1930 onwards . From this point on, the name "Mazda" was also used. This name is based on Ahura Mazda , the highest Zoroastrian deity of wisdom and knowledge, and is pronounced in Japanese similarly to the name of the company's founder, Matsuda.

In the mid-1930s , the development of motorized three-wheelers and trucks came on the market as Mazda Mazdago . There was also a rock drill division . During the Second World War , the company was involved in Japanese armaments .

After the war, Mazda resumed manufacturing small trucks with three or four wheels in 1950 . On May 28, 1960, the first Mazda passenger car followed in Japan: a small coupé was launched on the market under the name Mazda R360 . In October 1960, Tsuneji Matsuda , the adoptive son of the company founder and President of Mazda from 1951 to 1970, signed a license agreement with the German company NSU for the use and further development of rotary engines . The decisive factor for this was the recommendation of his long-time friend Willy Rudolf Foerster . In July 1961, the contract was approved by the Japanese government. From 1967 the Mazda 110 S Cosmo was produced with a twin-disc rotary engine. After the market launch in Europe in 1967, the Ford Motor Company bought a 25 percent stake in Mazda in 1979. In 1984 the company was renamed Matsuda KK (English Mazda Motor Corp. ). By April 1986, Mazda had produced 1.5 million rotary engine vehicles. In 1989 Mazda managed to revive the enthusiasm for open sports cars in Europe and North America with its Roadster MX-5 . In 1996 Ford increased its stake in Mazda to 33.4 percent. In 2008, 20 percent of the shares were sold and in 2010 it was reduced to 3.5 percent.

From 2003 to 2010 Mazda offered the so far last Wankel coupé RX-8 in Germany, whereby the research work on the Wankel engine was not stopped. In 2006 Mazda had produced approximately 1.9 million rotary piston engines. The focus of the rotary engine is currently on use as a range extender for electric vehicles. However, in the meantime Mazda has apparently succeeded in further developing the Wankel engine in such a way that further application possibilities, for example in the form of a hybrid drive, appear again conceivable.

Since 2011, Mazda markets its Skyactiv-G - gasoline engines , in which a compression up to 14: 1 achieved; these engines dispense with the downsizing otherwise used . By February 2011, Mazda said it had applied for more than 130 patents. Mazda also launched its CX-5 SUV in the same year . With this model, the Kodo design was introduced, where Kodo means something like "soul of movement".

In 2013 Mazda combined its own 2-liter engine with the Hybrid Synergy Drive from Toyota in the Mazda3 for the Japanese market . Ford Motor Company sold its remaining shares in 2015 and has not held a stake in the company since. In 2017, the SUV CX-5 accounted for 25 percent of sales worldwide; in Germany, together with the smaller CX-3, it made up 50 percent of total sales. In August 2017, Mazda Motor Corporation and Toyota Motor Corporation announced that they would form the corporate and capital alliance announced in 2015. To do this, the two companies will each swap shares worth 50 billion yen through a third-party agreement. Toyota thus holds 5.05 percent of Mazda, while Mazda holds 0.25 percent of Toyota. The proceeds from the capital increase or from the sale of own shares will be used in part to establish the joint venture for vehicle production in the USA. In addition, both companies will henceforth work together on the development of technologies for electric cars, networked vehicle technologies and safety technology as well as other, complementary products.

In 2019 the Mazda3 with Skyactiv-x engine, which uses homogeneous compression ignition , was introduced. The Mazda CX-30 , available since September 2019, also uses this drive. In 2020 the Mazda MX-30 will be the first all-electric car from Mazda.

History in Europe

Mazda began exporting to Europe in March 1967 and was initially only represented in Norway. In 1968 a logistics center for the supply of spare parts was set up in Willebroek in Belgium and in 1969 Mazda was also introduced in Austria via the dealer Rolf Knoch . As early as 1971 Mazda was able to achieve a market share of three percent with 5483 vehicles sold. In 1971 expansion into other European countries followed. During the first four years from 1968 to 1972, sales figures rose from 2,688 vehicles sold to over 50,000 cars.

After the first Mazdas were shown in Germany as early as 1969 at the IAA in Frankfurt, Mazda Motors Deutschland GmbH was not founded until November 23, 1972, when it was entered in the Düsseldorf commercial register and the establishment of Mazda’s German headquarters in Hilden began. In March 1973, Mazda models began to be sold in Germany . The models at the start of sales were the Mazda 616 , Mazda 818 and the Mazda RX-3 coupé, and the Mazda 1000/1300 and Mazda RX-4 premieres at the Frankfurt IAA in September 1974 about a year later .

For the market launch of the new Mazda 323 in 1977, Mazda organized a 15,000-kilometer journey of several 323s that led from Hiroshima to the IAA in Frankfurt. After the start of production, Mazda's sales figures in Germany almost reached the 50,000 mark in the early 1980s, which were sold through almost 900 dealers.

In 1981 a branch was set up in Brussels in order to be able to better support the imports to and the dealers in Europe. With the market launch of the new Mazda 626 , Mazda was able to achieve eighth place in the registration statistics in Germany in 1983 and was able to report a market share of 3.2 percent and 90,000 registrations at the end of the 1980s. The Mazda 626 rose to become the best-selling import car of all during this period. In 1988 the Belgian subsidiary was renamed Mazda Motor Europe SA / NV . In the same year work began on setting up a large central warehouse in Leverkusen - Hitdorf in order to be able to ensure a better supply of spare parts for the German market. In 1989 Mazda Motor Europe (MME) was founded in Leverkusen and moved into its new headquarters in 1992. Mazda headquarters for Germany and Europe will also be based here in 2020.

In 1990, after two years of construction, Mazda opened the European research and development center in Oberursel . Around 100 people are employed there (as of 2020).

History in north america

In the United States and Canada , the Mazda brand was introduced in 1968 with the launch of the Mazda R100 and Mazda RX-2 models on the Canadian market, and two years later, with the shipment of the first imports from Hiroshima to Seattle in 1970, the launch in the USA. Due to the oil crisis in the 1970s, efficient drive technologies that reduce consumption and CO 2 emissions were quickly required. The Mazda RX-5 was therefore launched in 1975 with the consumption-oriented engine concept of the two-disc rotary piston engine, and the engine was the first unit to meet the US emissions standards that came into force in 1975.

Mazda in motorsport

A Mazda 787B, the 1991 Le Mans winner

Mazda made its first steps in motorsport as early as 1968. Two Mazda 110 S Cosmo competed in the 84-hour race Marathon de la Route at the Nürburgring and were able to hold fourth and fifth place for a long time in the field of 60 participants before one of the vehicles was eliminated. The remaining Cosmo eventually finished the race in fourth place. In 1971, three years later, the Mazda Savanna won the 500 Mile Tourist Trophy at Fuji Speedway .

In 1978 a new potential racing vehicle was presented with the RX-7. Shortly after its market launch, the British racing driver Tom Walkinshaw began to include the vehicle in his Tom Walkinshaw Racing team and to compete in the British Touring Car Championship with the RX-7 . In 1980 and 1981, the racing series could be won on the RX-7. In 1981, the 24-hour race of Spa-Francorchamps was won with the vehicle.

The RX-7 was similarly successful from 1979 onwards in the IMSA racing series and in the first year after its presentation at the Daytona 24-hour race in 1979 with the drivers Yoshimi Katayama, Yoshimi Katayama and Takashi Yorino, it won class in the GTU class win. By 1990 the RX-7 had won over 100 more victories and was considered the most successful vehicle in the IMSA GT Championship. The most successful year was 1991, when the RX-7 GTO, which was powered by the same engine as the 787B that won Le Mans in the same year, won various driver and manufacturer titles.

Mazda was also able to celebrate successes in rallying with the RX-7, including a third place in the Rally Greece during the 1985 World Rally Championship . In addition to the RX-7, the Mazda 323 AWD Turbo also achieved some satisfactory results in the 1988 World Rally Championship , including second place in the Ivory Coast and New Zealand rallies .

In 1983 the Mazdas racing team moved from Tokyo back to the company's headquarters in Hiroshima. There the company Mazdaspeed was founded, which should concentrate on the motorsport career of Mazda in the future. After participating in the 24 Hours of Le Mans in 1988 and 1990 with the Mazda 767 , 1991 achieved the greatest success in motorsport to date. Mazda was the first Japanese car manufacturer to win the 1991 Le Mans 24-hour race with the Mazda 787B , powered by a 700 hp four-disc rotary engine, two laps ahead of Jaguar. Two other Mazda, a 787 and a 787B, also finished in the top ten vehicles in this race. In 1999 the Mazdaspeed brand was then fully integrated into Mazda Motor Corporation and in future also acted as a manufacturer of Mazda series models based on racing. With the Mazda6 MPS (2005) and the Mazda3 MPS (2006), two performance-optimized vehicles were added to the model range in the mid-2000s.

Model overview

«  Before - Mazda car timeline, since the 1990s
Type 1990s 2000s 2010s 2020s
0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0 1 2 3 4th 5 6th 7th 8th 9 0
Kei cars Carol Carol Carol Carol Carol Carol
AZ wagon AZ wagon AZ wagon AZ wagon flair
Autozam AZ-1 Spiano Flair Wagon
AZ offroad Flair crossover
Autozam Scrum Scrum / Scrum Wagon Scrum / Scrum Wagon
Small car Autozam Revue / Mazda 121 121 Mazda 2 / Demio Mazda 2 / Demio Mazda 2 / Demio
Demio Verisa
Compact class Familia / 323 / Protégé Familia / 323 / Protégé Familia / 323 / Protégé Mazda 3 / Axela Mazda 3 / Axela Mazda 3 / Axela Mazda 3 / Axela
Middle class 626 / Capella 626 / Capella / Cronos 626 / Capella Mazda 6 / Atenza Mazda 6 / Atenza Mazda 6 / Atenza
Xedos 6 / Eunos 500
upper middle class 929 / Luce 929 / Sentia / Efini MS-8 Sentia
Xedos 9 / Millenia / Eunos 800
Coupe MX-3 / Precidia
MX-6 MX-6 / Mystère
Eunos Cosmo RX-8
Sports car MX-5 / Roadster / Miata MX-5 / Roadster / Miata MX-5 / Roadster / Miata MX-5 / Roadster / Miata
RX-7 RX-7
Compact van Premacy Mazda 5 / Premacy Mazda 5 / Premacy
Familia Van Familia Van Familia Van
Van Biante
MPV MPV Mazda 8 / MPV
SUV CX-3
CX-30
MX-30
CX-4
Navajo Mazda Tribute Mazda Tribute CX-5 CX-5
CX-7 CX-8
CX-9 CX-9
Pick up B series B series BT-50 BT-50
Pickup truck / minibus Bongo Bongo
Bongo Friendee
Bongo Brawny / E series Bongo Brawny / E series
  • Sold under the brand name Autozam
  • Identical to Suzuki
  • Identical to Ford
  • Identical to Nissan

    • Current Mazda models

    Mazda2 (since 2014)

    The Mazda2 (internal designation DJ) is a small car built in the main plant in Hiroshima . It has been in the third generation since 2015 (after the DY minivan and the optically modified DE) and provides the basis for the compact SUV CX-3 . The current generation was presented in autumn 2014 and has also been available on the German market since the end of February 2015. For the 2020 model year, the Mazda2 received an optical facelift and has also been offered with mild hybrid systems since then.

    		Mazda2 (DJ) Sindelfingen 2020 IMG 2334.jpg
    Mazda3 (since 2019)

    After the presentation of the first generation with the sales designation BK at the IAA in Frankfurt in September 2003, the Mazda3 has been offered in the fourth generation since March 2019 and is known as the Mazda3 BP. Since then it has been offered with a 2.0 liter Skyactiv-G and the new Skyactiv-X engine.

    		Mazda3 (BP) Sindelfingen 2020 IMG 2340.jpg
    Mazda6 (since 2016)

    As the successor to the Mazda 626 , the Mazda6 has been available since June 2002, which is also sold as Mazda Atenza in other markets. After the first two generations of the GG, GY and GH, the Mazda6 GJ / GL has been available since 2012, which was subject to a facelift in 2015 and 2017. The current generation was launched in Germany in February 2013.

    		2018 Mazda6 facelift Front.jpg
    Mazda MX-5 (since 2015)

    On September 7, 2014 Mazda presented the fourth generation of the MX-5 under the sales designation ND (after NA, NB and NC) in the three countries USA, Spain and Japan at the same time. Production started on March 4, 2015 in Hiroshima, Japan. The roadster was officially presented to the public at German dealerships on September 12, 2015. At the New York Auto Show 2016, the MX-5 RF was presented, a version with a foldable Targa roof.

    		2015 Mazda MX-5 ND 2.0 SKYACTIV-G 160 i-ELOOP ruby ​​red metallic front view.jpg
    Mazda MX-30 (from 2020)

    Mazda presented the MX-30, the brand's first battery-electric vehicle, at the Tokyo Motor Show in October 2019. The market launch will take place in July 2020.

    		Mazda MX-30.jpg
    Mazda CX-3 (since 2015)

    The Mazda CX-3 was presented for the first time at the Los Angeles Motor Show in November 2014 . It is one of the small sport utility vehicles and is offered with two gasoline engines and a diesel unit. Permanent all-wheel drive is available as an option for the latter; this is standard in the more powerful petrol engine.

    		Mazda CX-3 SKYACTIV-G 120 FWD Sports-Line - front view, June 16, 2015, Düsseldorf.jpg
    Mazda CX-30 (since 2019)

    SUV positioned between the CX-3 and CX-5, which was launched in autumn 2019. It is technically based on the Mazda 3 BP, which has also been offered since 2019.

    		Mazda CX-30 Sindelfingen 2020 IMG 2341.jpg
    Mazda CX-5 (since 2012)

    The Mazda CX-5 is a compact sport utility vehicle . It represents the first Mazda model in the new KODO design and has been available since spring 2012. In February 2015 it underwent a facelift. The second generation with the sales name KF was introduced in 2017.

    It is offered with four different engines, two petrol and two diesel engines.

    		Mazda CX-5 IMG 0316.jpg
    Mazda CX-9 (since 2007)

    First introduced on April 12, 2006 at the New York International Auto Show , the CX-9 is a large SUV model that seats up to seven people. A new 3.5-liter V6 MZI petrol engine is used as the drive, and a 6-speed automatic transmission is available. Both the front and rear axles are driven, optionally only the front axle. The CX-9 is only offered in some countries (including the USA and Russia), but not on the Western European market.

    The second generation of the CX-9 was presented at the North American International Auto Show in Detroit in January 2016.

    		Mazda CX-9 P4250872.jpg
    Mazda BT-50 (since 2006)

    The Mazda BT-50 succeeded the B-series at the end of 2006 and was presented to the public for the first time on March 22, 2006 at the Bangkok International Motor Show. The more modern design is particularly striking compared to the B series. In 2007 it underwent a facelift.

    The second generation has been sold since the end of 2011, the third generation of the BT-50 with the sales designation UP appeared in 2020. It is based on the Isuzu D-Max .

    		Mazda BT-50 SDX Hi Rider 2016 (25564408916) .jpg

    Historic models with a reciprocating engine

    Historic models with a rotary engine

    Concept vehicles

    Overview of Mazdas automobile brands

    Trivia

    • In 2004 Mazda brought out an illustrated book measuring 3.07 meters × 3.42 meters, which is probably the largest format in the world.
    • In May 2017, the first Mazda Museum outside of Japan was opened in Augsburg , which also includes the largest exhibition of Mazda vehicles in the world.

    literature

    Web links

    Commons : Mazda  album with pictures, videos and audio files
    Commons : Mazda automobile engines  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
    Commons : Mazda concept automobiles  - collection of images, videos and audio files

    Individual evidence

    1. ↑ a b COMPANY PROFILE 2019. Retrieved June 27, 2020 (English).
    2. ↑ Global sales: Mazda posts third-straight record year. Retrieved November 2, 2019 .
    3. ↑ 90 years of Mazda company history: from cork processing to hydrogen hybrid technology. In: mazda.de. Mazda Motors (Germany) January 2010, archived from the original on April 27, 2011 ; Retrieved April 27, 2011 .
    4. ↑ Evolution of Competition between Firms in the Post-war Automobile Industry: The Rotary Engine Strategy of Toyo Kogyo (戦 後 自動 車 産業 に お け る 企業 間 競争 の 展開: - 東洋 工業 の ロ ー タ リ ー エ ン ジ ン 戦 略 -) . In: Keiei Shigaku (Japan Business History Review) . 48, No. 3, March 18, 2016, ISSN  1883-8995 , pp. 3_3-3_26. For Foerster (フ ォ ル ス タ ー) see p. 5.
    5. ^ John B. Hege: The Wankel Rotary Engine. McFarland & Company, Jefferson, North Carolina, USA 2006, ISBN 0-7864-2905-4 , p. 62.
    6. ↑ welt.de of January 29, 2018, Tradition: 40 Years of the Mazda RX-7 , accessed on September 9, 2018.
    7. ^ Ford gives up Mazda shares from manager-magazin.de, November 18, 2010.
    8. ↑ FAZ Technik & Motor of December 30, 2010: Mazda RX-8: Farewell by law , accessed on September 9, 2018.
    9. ↑ springerprofessional.de of October 28, 2015: Mazda sports car concept RX-Vision with rotary piston engine , accessed on September 9, 2018.
    10. ↑ autozeitung.de of November 30, 2006, The Cosmonaut turns 40 , accessed on September 14, 2018.
    11. ↑ motor1.com of October 29, 2019, Analysis: The Future of the Wankel Engine at Mazda , accessed on March 30, 2020.
    12. ↑ drive.com.au, March 8, 2019, Mazda confirms flexible 'XEV' rotary hybrid driveline: "Huge range of applications" for rotary beyond a range extender , accessed March 30, 2020.
    13. ↑ heise.de of January 31, 2018, Mazda announces the “Skyactiv-3” space ignition engine , accessed on September 6, 2018.
    14. ↑ faz.net from August 18, 2015, driving report Mazda CX-3 , accessed on September 6, 2018.
    15. ^ English-language Mazda2 website from May 18, 2011 , accessed on September 15, 2018.
    16. ↑ motorsport-total.com of March 25, 2017, Mazda CX-5 2017 ... , accessed on September 15, 2018.
    17. ↑ focus.de from November 25, 2013, driving report Mazda 3 Hybrid, Now the Toyota Prius is also available in beautiful , accessed on September 5, 2018
    18. ↑ Now Mazda and Ford also divorced automobil-produktion.de, November 18, 2015.
    19. ↑ welt.de, driving report Mazda CX-5 from March 21, 2017 , accessed on September 16, 2018.
    20. ↑ autonotizen.de, SUVs drive Mazda forward , accessed on September 16, 2018 .
    21. ↑ springerprofessional.de of August 7, 2017, Mazda and Toyota want to develop electric cars together ; accessed on September 6, 2018.
    22. ↑ Mazda and Toyota strengthen cooperation with corporate and capital alliance. In: Mazda Motors Germany GmbH. Mazda Motors Deutschland GmbH, August 4, 2017, accessed January 9, 2020 .
    23. ↑ Gregor Hebermehl: Mazda 3 (2019): With all-wheel drive and compression ignition. In: auto-motor-und-sport.de. January 10, 2019, accessed January 20, 2019 .
    24. ^ History 1920-1979. In: Mazda Motors Germany GmbH. Mazda Motors Deutschland GmbH, accessed June 27, 2020 (English).
    25. ↑ a b c d Mazda - the story of a global brand from Japan. Mazda Classic Automobil Museum Frey, June 27, 2010, accessed June 27, 2020 .
    26. ^ Mazda: About Us. Mazda Motor Europe GmbH, accessed June 27, 2020 (English).
    27. ^ Mazda in Austria. In: Mazda Austria GmbH. Mazda Austria GmbH, accessed on June 27, 2020 .
    28. ↑ a b c d e Mazda in Europe 1967–1998. Mazda Motors Deutschland GmbH, January 1, 2010, accessed June 27, 2020 (English).
    29. ↑ a b 40 years of Mazda in Germany: With the courage to take a different path. Mazda Motors Deutschland GmbH, accessed June 30, 2020 . .
    30. ↑ Imprint , company website Mazda Motors (Deutschland) GmbH, June 27, 2020.
    31. ↑ a b c d Mazda Racing: A bit of history. beachmazda.net, accessed June 25, 2020 .
    32. ↑ automobil-produktion.de of March 6, 2019, Mazda CX-30: Pleasing Tiguan opponent , accessed on July 7, 2020.
    33. ↑ auto-motor-und-sport.de, Mazda's pickup is new and based on Isuzu , accessed on July 7, 2020.
    34. ↑ FOCUS : Mazda Museum Augsburg: More space there for old Mazda , accessed on August 8, 2017.
    35. ↑ Augsburger Allgemeine : Opening: Europe's first Mazda Museum opened in Augsburg , accessed on August 8, 2017.