Ngāti Porou

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Ngāti Porou is an Iwi of the Māori in New Zealand, whose traditional tribal area is in the East Cape and the Gisborne region . Ngāti Porou is the second largest Iwi with 71,910 registered members. The traditional borders of the tribal area extend from Pōtikirua in the north to Te Toka-a-Taiau (a rock that used to be in the mouth of Gisborne Harbor) in the south.

The Mount Hikurangi plays as a symbol of endurance and strength play an important role in the mythology of Ngāti Porou and has Tapu status. In these traditions, hikurangi is often personified. According to the traditions of the Ngāti Porou, the Hikurangi was the first point to emerge from the sea when Māui fished the North Island out of the sea. His canoe Nukutaimemeha is said to have been destroyed there. The Waiapu River also plays a prominent role in the traditions.

history

Early history

Ngāti Porou derives its name from the ancestor Porourangi . This was a direct descendant of Toikairākau , who is also regarded as an important ancestor of the Iwi . Others are Māui and Paikea , the whale rider , featured in the film Whale Rider . Although the Ngāti Porou trace their tradition back to the Waka (canoe) Nukutaimemeha Waka , many ancestors of the Ngāti Porou arrived in New Zealand in various Waka , including Horouta Waka , Tākitimu Waka and Tereanini Waka . The descendants of Porourangi and Toi formed groups that spread through the West Cape by conquest and marriage .

Relationships with other Iwi also arise through direct descent from ancestors of the Ngāti Porou :

  • Kahungunu , who is descended from Ueroa , the second son of Porourangi , is the founder of the Ngāti Kahungunu , who populate the region south of the tribal borders of the Ngāti Porou .
  • the Taua , descended from Kahungunu , is an important ancestor of the Te Whānau-ā-Apanui .
  • Ngāti Raukawa and Tainui have a connection through Rongomaianiwaniwa , daughter of Porourangi and the marriage of the ancestor Māhinaarangi with Tūrongo .
  • Traditions of the Ngai Tahu name a descent from Porourangi and his younger brother Tahupōtiki .

19th and 20th centuries

In the early 19th century, the Ngāti Porou were in conflict with the Ngāpuhi , as the latter carried out military campaigns on the North Island. Chiefs of the Ngāti Porou were among the signatories of the Waitangi Treaty in 1840 . In the 1850s, the Iwi Ngāti Porou experienced significant economic growth.

In the 1860s, the Hauhau religious movement spread across the North Island and eventually came into conflict with the European government. From 1865 to 1870 there was a civil war among the Hauhau, in which supporters of the Hauhau sought the creation of an independent Māoristaat with the support of Hauhau from other regions. On the other side stood other Ngāti Porou, who represented the sovereignty and independence of the tribe.

This conflict is often viewed as part of the East Cape War . The New Zealand government supplied the Ngāti Porou, who opposed the Hauhau, with weapons. After the war, the government initially tried to confiscate land because there were "rebellious factions". However, the government soon decided to view the whole thing as an internal Māori affair, as it was recognized that the Ngāti Porou were now heavily armed.

The Ngāti Porou experienced a period of peace and economic growth again in the late 19th century. Sir Āpirana Ngata gained importance in the 1890s and contributed greatly to the revival of the Māori people. In the early 20th century, the number of tribesmen grew significantly. Members of the Iwi took part in both world wars. In the parish of Tikitiki there is a church dedicated to the victims of the Iwi in World War I. After the end of the Second World War, many Ngāti Porou began to move from the traditional tribal area to the larger cities, a large part of the relatives now live in Auckland and Wellington .

Ngāti Porou today

administration

Te Rūnanga o Ngāti Porou was founded in 1987 and is the governing body of the Iwi. It seeks to preserve the financial, physical and spiritual goods of the Iwi and is organized into three branches: Whanau Hapu Development , Economic Development and Corporate Services .

Well-known Ngati Porou

Current or previous members or dependents of the Iwi are

See also

Web links

  • Homepage . Te Runanganui o Ngati Porou,accessed September 1, 2014(Maori).
  • AT Mahuika : History . Te Runanga O Ngati Porou , May 25, 1993, archived from the original on April 16, 2007 ; accessed on September 1, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).
  • Tamati Muturangi Reedy : Ngāti Porou . Ministry for Culture & Heritage , August 24, 2015, accessed January 17, 2016 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ QuickStats About Māori . Statistics New Zealand , archived from the original on June 29, 2007 ; accessed on September 1, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).
  2. ↑ Vision, Mission, Purpose, .. . Te Runanga O Ngati Porou , archived from the original on January 17, 2008 ; accessed on September 1, 2014 (English, original website no longer available).