Paraventricular nucleus

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The paraventricular nucleus is a core area in the hypothalamus , i.e. in the diencephalon . Its name is derived from its location next to the third ventricle .

The large nerve cells in this core area produce the hormone oxytocin and, in smaller quantities, the antidiuretic hormone . In addition, this core area also contains small nuclei that secrete the releasing hormone CRH , but this is released at the eminentia mediana into the primary pituitary portal vein circulation (primary plexus).

The cell processes ( axons ) of the paraventricular nucleus together with those of the supraoptic nucleus form the hypothalamohypophysial tract . The oxytocin and ADH are transported via this nerve pathway into the neurohypophysis , where it is temporarily stored and released into the blood when required.

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