Olgerdige

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Olgerdige ( Danish also Olderdiget ) refers to a fortification between the Urnehoved Thingstätte and today's Tinglev in Northern Schleswig , Denmark . A continuation in the north to Aabenraa is assumed. The building is dated to the 1st century. Z. dated.

Basic research was carried out in the 1960s and 1970s. Hans NEUMANN wrote the standard archaeological work. Since the 2000s, further research, including dendrochronological research, has been added.

The name is derived from:

  • Olger: personal name, based on the legend of Holger Danske ; alternative: connection with old English ealgian , defense, protection
  • dige: originally pit, ditch or grave, later also hill, dam, earth wall

Three construction phases were identified:

  1. Construction in one go, dendrochronologically determined for the period 22 to 31 AD, the year 31 being the most likely. Only a row of palisades was built.
  2. Second construction phase 51 AD. The palisade was supplemented by further rows as well as moats and walls.
  3. Third construction phase around 90 a. Z.

The facility is seen as a border fortification between the Angles and the Jutes . This coincides with the different burial customs of these groups found at this time, which can be spatially delimited accordingly. Body burials are carried out by the Jutes over long periods of time, while the angling tradition of cremation prevails. Recently, the warnings have been discussed as the northern neighbors of fishing in the Over-Jerstal district in the period under review. Tacitus , Germania 40.1., Gives a possible historical reference when he speaks of the varinii .

The Olgerdige was not only a defensive structure, but also blocked or controlled three paths that were already verifiable in prehistoric times.

The Olgerdige could be part of a larger border and defense line that runs through the entire Danish peninsula a little north of today's German-Danish border from west to east. The line begins in the west at the castles Archsum-Burg (Sylt) and Trælbanken (near Hoyer), uses rivers flowing from east to west and ends at Olgerdige.

A total of 28 ramparts or barrages were found in Denmark, most of them from the early medieval period. The Olgerdige occupies a special position due to its size and age.

In the middle of the 2nd century AD the Angles had pushed the Warnen further north and built a new wall, the Æ Vold. The Olgerdige lost its importance.

A connection with the repression of the Heruli mentioned by Prokop is assumed.

literature

  • Steen Wulf Andersen, Prehistoric Monuments in Sønderjylland, Haderslev 1993
  • Andres Siegfried Dobat, Danevirke - a linear earthwork in the province of Schleswig and ist socio-political background, in: Martin Segschneider (ed.), Ring walls and related structures of the first millennium AD on the North and Baltic Seas, Neumünster 2009, 137-158
  • Per Ethelberg, Early Kingdoms. Concentrations of power in southern Scandinavia in the 1st – 4th centuries Century AD, in: VARUSSCHLACHT I. OSNABR. LAND GmbH (ed.), 2000 Years of the Varus Battle: Conflict, Stuttgart 2009, 170–182
  • Per Ethelberg, Slesvig som grænseland i 1. – 2. årh. e.Kr., in: Anne BLOND, Kim FURDAL, Carsten P. RASMUSSEN (eds.): Forundringsparat. Festskrift til Inge Adriansen, Haderslev 2014, 247–268 (English summary in preparation)
  • Morten Hegewisch, From Leese to Kalkriese? An attempt to interpret the history of two linear earthworks, in: Ernst BALTRUSCH, Morten HEGEWISCH et alii (eds.), 2000 Years of the Varus Battle. History - Archeology - Legends (= Topoi. Berlin Studies of the Ancient World 7), Berlin / Boston 2012, 177–212
  • Hans Neumann, Olgerdiget - et bidrag til Danmarks tidligste historie, Haderslev 1982 (with a German summary)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ NEUMANN (1982)
  2. ↑ For example by L. CHRISTENSEN, 2012 (unpublished, but reported in detail by ETHELBERG, 2014).
  3. ↑ ETHELBERG (2014), p. 250
  4. ↑ ETHELBERG (2014), p. 266
  5. ↑ ETHELBERG (2014), p. 266
  6. ↑ http://arachne.uni-koeln.de: 2109435: Olgerdige
  7. ^ NEUMANN (1982), p. 131
  8. ↑ Ingemar Nordgren in The Well Spring of the Goths p. 229  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.scribd.com  
  9. ↑ ETHELBERG (2014), p. 261
  10. ^ NEUMANN (1982), p. 134
  11. ↑ ETHELBERG (2014), p. 261
  12. ↑ cf. HEGEWISCH (2012), p. 196