Oppenheim Children's Hospital
The Abraham von Oppenheim Children's Hospital in Buschgasse, at the corner of An der Eiche , in the Severinsviertel was the first children's hospital in Cologne .
history
After the death of her husband Abraham von Oppenheim (1878), Charlotte Oppenheim donated 300,000 marks to the city of Cologne in 1880 to build a children's hospital. It was planned in the neo-renaissance style according to the plans of the Cologne city architect Hermann Weyer (1830–1899), the nephew of the city architect Johann-Peter Weyer , and after two years of construction on October 9, 1883 with approx. 80 hospital beds in four large halls of ten each Beds opened on the ground floor and the first floor and three smaller halls on the second floor. The house doctor and the head nurse also lived in the hospital. Since there was not enough capital for the doctors' demands on the building, Oppenheim brought in another 100,000 marks.
Initially, at her request (until 1896), the house was under the responsibility of the senior physicians of the municipal civic hospital, the surgeon Bernhard Bardenheuer and the internist Otto Leichtenstern . The "family doctor" was responsible for normal medical care. The nursing of the sick was done by Augustinians ( Cellitinnen ). For the maintenance of the hospital and for the free care of needy Cologne children of any denomination, she made another 300,000 marks available in capital, the interest of which was to be used to pay the expenses.
In 1884, Empress Augusta visited the hospital, the establishment of which, through private engagement, counteracted a public emergency at a time when pediatrics was not yet a subject at universities, but children's hospitals had been established in other cities since the 1840s - mostly also through private initiative.
The original focus on surgery was followed by the expansion of the “internal department” after 1904 by the pediatrician Ferdinand Siegert (1865–1946), who was in charge of the clinic . Since then, patients with infectious diseases and infants have also been treated.
Siegert was also the director of the children's clinic at the Academy for Practical Medicine founded in 1904 (forerunner of the medical faculty of the University of Cologne ) in Lindenburg, which was pediatric / internistically oriented. The surgery was still carried out in the Oppenheim Clinic, so that a patient exchange took place. In 1913 Grimm took over the management of the institution, as Siegert was busy in the university clinic. In addition, the character of the hospital changed. As early as 1908, a municipal baby welfare office was incorporated, which among other things distributed baby milk to those in need. In the 1920s, an investigation center for young children was set up to carry out routine examinations.
Renaming and destruction of the facility
In 1937, the National Socialist city tour changed the name of the Oppenheim Children's Hospital to "Municipal Children's Hospital". In March 1941, the ban on taking in Jewish children followed.
On the night of June 29, 1943, bombs destroyed the buildings.
Until the beginning of the 1960s, the former facility was listed as a children's hospital on Cologne city maps. The "St. Josefshaus Foundation" later acquired the property. In 1967 the new building of the St. Josefshaus Catholic day care center with playground was completed. A preserved outbuilding of the hospital is used by the Arbeiterwohlfahrt .
literature
- Hermann Weyer: The Oppenheim Children's Hospital , Cologne, 1884
- Annette Haller: Charlotte von Oppenheim donates a children's hospital in: Monika Frank / Friedrich Moll (ed.): Cologne Hospital Stories. In the beginning there was Napoleon… , published on behalf of the Cologne City Clinics by: Kölnisches Stadt Museum, Cologne 2006, p. 178 ff
Individual evidence
- ^ Based on : 150 Years of the Historical Archive, p. 58f. (PDF file; 3.01 MB)
- ↑ historical street view ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed April 5, 2012
- ^ Annette Haller: Charlotte von Oppenheim donates a children's hospital . In: Monika Frank / Friedrich Moll (ed.): Cologne hospital stories. In the beginning there was Napoleon ... , Kölnisches Stadt Museum, Cologne 2006, p. 178 ff.
- ↑ 100 years Lindenburg, infant department ( memento from August 29, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ^ Ulrich S. Soénius, Max Plassmann, Everhard Kleinertz, Reimund Haas, Jürgen Brautmeier, Sabine Eichler, Helmut Eckelmann: Yearbook of the Cologne History Association . Ed .: Ulrich S. Soénius. tape 83 . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2019, ISBN 978-3-412-51659-8 .
- ↑ Haller p. 190 and 1000 examinations on children to check for tuberculosis infections ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Falk Plan Cologne - 15th edition (1959) - Landkartenarchiv.de. Retrieved May 23, 2020 .
Coordinates: 50 ° 55 ′ 29.8 ″ N , 6 ° 57 ′ 37.1 ″ E