Oppidum Stradonice

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Oppidum Stradonice with Berounka Valley, view from the north-west
View from the south with Nižbor
Sketch of the plant

The Oppidum Stradonice , also called Oppidum Hradischt bei Stradonitz , was one of the most important Celtic settlements in present-day Bohemia .

It is located on a slate hill, called Hradischt, German for "castle hill", above the Berounka river (German: Beraun) around 30 km west of Prague near Nižbor (German: Nischburg) at an altitude of 380 m and covers an area of ​​90, 3 hectares. Celts settled here since the middle of the 2nd century BC. Chr. The earliest phase of the construction of the fortifications v falls in the time by 120. At the turn of the century the oppidum was destroyed by marcomanni .

The first known descriptions of the Oppidum Stradonice date back to 1845. Before that, so-called rainbow bowls were washed out on the hill during heavy rains , which corresponded to the Podmokler coins discovered in 1771 . In August 1877 a coin treasure with 200 coins was found. This triggered a wave of robbery excavations. A large part of the finds ended up in the antique trade. Many finds are now in museums in Prague, Vienna, Berlin and Dresden. Embossing forms for gold coins are of particular interest here. This shows the Oppidum Stradonice as a nationally important place in the Celtic world.

In 1903 the Czech archaeologist Josef Ladislav Píč published his excavation reports . The extensive excavations of 1981 were published by Alena Rybová and Petr Drda of the Archaeological Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences.

literature

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  • Břeň J., Zlaté predměty z keltského oppida ve Stradonicích u Berouna - Golden objects from the Celtic oppidum in Stradonice near Beroun, Acta Universitatis Carolinae - Philosophica et Historia n ° 3, Prague, 1959, 207-216.
  • Břeň J., Význam spon pro datování keltských oppid v Čechách - The meaning of primers for dating Celtic oppida in Bohemia, Sborník Národního muzea v Praze, řada A-historie, XVIII, 5, Prague, 1964, 195–289.
  • Břeň J., L'oppidum de Stradonice, in Les Celtes, catalog de l'exposition au Palazzo Grassi (Venise), Milan, 1991, 541.
  • Čižmář M., Finds of sealed capsules from the Celtic Oppida Stradonice (Bohemia) and Staré Hradisko (Moravia), Germania, 68-2, 597–600.
  • Déchelette J., Le Hradischt de Stradonic en Bohême et les fouilles de Bibracte. Étude d'archéologie comparée, Mâcon, 1901, 64 p., 4 pl.
  • Dehn W., Les oppida celtiques de La Tène II et III en Bohême et en Moravie, Celticum, 9, Rennes, 1964, 82, fig. 1.
  • Drda P., L'oppidum celtique du Hradiště pres Stradonice en Boheme: les défenses, Études Celtiques, 25, éd. du CNRS, Paris, 1988, 59-67.
  • Drda P., Hradiště von Stradonice, in Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde, Walter de Gruyter, Berlin, 2000, 146–148.
  • Drda P., Rybová A., Keltská oppida v centru Boiohaema - The Celtic oppida in the center of Boiohaemum, Památky Archeologické, 87, 1997, p. 65-123.
  • von Hochstetter F., Die Alterthümer von Hradischt, Mitteilungen der Anthropologische Gesellschaft, VIII, Vienne, 1879, 142–148.
  • Karasová Z., Les têtes humaines en bronze de Stradonice, Sborník Národního muzea v Praze, řada A, 56, 2002, 107–110.
  • Karasová Z., Schönfelder M., The finds from the oppidum "Hradiště" near Stradonice (okr. Beroun, CZ) in the Roman-Germanic Central Museum, Mainz. With a contribution by Jiří Militký, Yearbook of the Roman-Germanic Museum, 51, Mainz, 2004, 219–242.
  • Motyková-Šneidrová K., Osada pod Hradištěm u Stradonic - The settlement under the Hradiště near Stradonice, Památky Archeologické, 53, Prague, 1962, 137–154.
  • Osborne W., On the assessment of the prehistoric find on the Hradischt near Stradonic in Böhmen, Mittheilungen der Anthropologische Gesellschaft in Wien, X, Wien, 1881, 234–271.
  • Píč JL, Le Hradischt de Stradonitz en Bohême, trad. J. Déchelette, éd. KW Hiersemann, Leipzig, 1906 (éd. Orig .: Prague, 1903).
  • Rybová A., Drda P., The Site of Hradiště by Stradonice: Rebirth of a Celtic Oppidum, Archeology in Bohemia, 1981–1985, Prague, 1986, 143–147.
  • Venclová N., Prehistoric glass in Bohemia, Archeologický Ústav ČSAV, Prague, 1990.
  • Dr. Voss, About the find at the Hradiste at Stradonic in the area of ​​Beraun in Böhmen, Correspondenz-Blatt of the German Society for Anthropology, Ethnology and Prehistory, 4, 1878, 25-27.
  • Waldhauser J., Detektory získané nálezy z keltského oppida u Stradonic. Předběžná zpráva o hromadném nálezu železných nástrojů, jednotlivých mincí a plastiky - Detectors obtained from the Celtic oppidum near Stradonice. Preliminary report on the hoard of iron tools, individual coins and a sculpture, Archeologické Rozhledy, 47, Prague, 1995, 418–425.
  • Waldhauser J., Zlatá lžičkovitá spona z oppida Stradonice - A gold spoon fibula from the oppidum Stradonice, Archeologie ve středních Čechách, 7, 2003, 257–260.

Web links

Commons : Oppidum Stradonice  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Website Keltská Evropa ( Memento of the original from September 16, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Czech, accessed May 20, 2013). @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.keltskaevropa.cz
  2. ↑ Adauct Voigt a St. Germano : letter to a friend of the at Podmokl one in the Princely. Gold coins found in the villages of the Fürstenberg rule Pürglitz in Bohemia , Prague 1771

Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 33 ″  N , 14 ° 0 ′ 11 ″  E