Berounka

Berounka
Berounka with its source rivers Mže (in the north) and Radbuza (in the south)
Data
Water code	CZ : 1-10-04, DE : 528
location	Czech Republic
River system	Elbe
Drain over	Vltava  → Elbe  → North Sea
origin	The confluence of the Mies and Radbuza rivers in Pilsen 49 ° 45 ′ 13 ″  N , 13 ° 23 ′ 24 ″  E
Source height	305  m nm
muzzle	in the Prague district of Lahovice in the Vltava Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 43 "  N , 14 ° 24 ′ 4"  E 49 ° 59 ′ 43 "  N , 14 ° 24 ′ 4"  E
Mouth height	187  m nm
Height difference	118 m
Bottom slope	0.85 ‰
length	138.2 km
Catchment area	8,708.07 km²
Drain	MQ	36 m³ / s
Big cities	Pilsen , Prague
Small towns	Beroun , Řevnice , Dobřichovice , Černošice
Berounka under the Krašov Castle

Mokropetzer weir

The Berounka (German Beraun , formerly Mies ) is a left and the most water-rich tributary of the Vltava in the Czech Republic .

course

The Berounka arises northeast of the city ​​center of Pilsen at the water tower of the Plzeňský Prazdroj as through the confluence of the Mže / Mies and Radbuza . On its upper course, it flows north-easterly past Doubravka through the Plzeňská kotlina ( Pilsen Basin ), on this section the Plzeň – Duchcov railway and the Masaryk bridge cross the river. Between Plzeň-Doubravka and Chrást, the Prague-Plzeň railway follows the course of the river.

Below the Úslava estuary , the river reaches the Horní Berounka Nature Park and forms between the Kaznějovská pahorkatina, Rakovnická pahorkatina and Kralovická pahorkatina (on the left side) as well as the Klabavská pahorkatina and the Radnická vrchovina (on the right side), a rocky valley that is increasingly deeply cut into the river nameless islands are located. Several small tributaries plunge over waterfalls into the Berounka Valley. The river winds in several large loops past Bílá Hora, Čertův Mlýn, Chlumek, Bukovec, Druztová , the castle ruins of Věžka, Dolany , Habrová, Chrást , Telín, Sedlecko, Korečnický Mlýn and Valentovský Mlýn. The natural monument Malochova skalka extends on the left slope below the confluence of the Senecký potok . The Berounka valley below Bukovec is protected on the left as the Háj natural monument and on the opposite side as the Zábělá natural monument . In Valentovský Mlýn the flow takes a northerly direction and flows at Nadryby , dirka, Darovanský Dvůr, Kostelec, Darová, Nynice, U Kolečků, Plana, Kacerovsky Mlýn, Rybárna, Kaceřov , Rybárna, Čívice, Pod Žíkovem, Libštejn, the Burgruine Libštejn , Robčice , Libštejnský Mlýn, Horní Liblín, Břízsko, Borek, Liblín , Loužek, Liblínský Mlýn and Kozojedy . The further course of the Berounka then leads in a northeasterly direction past Rybárna nad Rakolusky, Bujesily to Rakolusky. Above the confluence of the Radnický potok, the Berounka leaves the Horní Berounka Nature Park and flows into the Hřešihlavská Nature Park ; the right-hand slope of the valley opposite Rakolusky is protected as a nature reserve Třímanské skály . Passing Hřešihlavy, Bohy , Podkrašovský Mlýn, the castle ruins Krašov , Třímany, Hlince , Třímanský Přívoz, Prachárna, Rybárna, Lejskův Mlýn, Chlum , Ptyč, Dolany, Hamouz, Pod Dubinjec and Zvkovova reaches Kalkovova . The slopes near the Krašov castle ruins are protected as the Krašov nature reserve . The right side of the valley below the mouth of the Radubice forms the Chlumská Stráň National Nature Reserve . At the confluence of the Dolanský potok, the Berounka leaves the Hřešihlavská nature park and flows again into the Horní Berounka nature park .

In Kalinova Ves the Berounka flows into the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area . There the river reaches the Křivoklátská vrchovina ( Pürglitzer Uplands) and forms the dividing line between the Zbirožská vrchovina ( Sbiroher Uplands ) and the Lánská pahorkatina ( Lanna Uplands ). Along its course follow Kočkův Mlyn, Kostelík, Hradiště , U Bartoňů, Čilská Rybárna, Cila , Čechův Mlyn, Šlovice, Karáskův Mlyn, Skryje , Luh, the castle ruins Týřov , Týřovice, Kouřimecká Rybárna, Hracholusky , Křiniště, U Rozvědčíka, V Luhu, Nezabudice , Branov , Višňová, Křivoklát and Roztoky . Before the confluence of the Rakovnický potok , the Rakovnik-Beroun railway line from the Budský tunnel crosses the river at Roztoky . The Berounka then flows in two large loops past Častonice, Amalín, Děče, Pohořelec , Újezd ​​nad Zbečnem , Zbečno , Dubina, Kolouch, Sýkořice and Račice . The Elektroskanzen Čechův mlýn small power station near the Čechův mlýn water mill is a technical monument. At Skryje, parts of the valley on both sides of the river are protected as a natural monument Skryjsko-týřovické kambrian . Below Luh, the Týřov National Nature Reserve extends to the right of the Berounka, and the Velká Pleš National Nature Reserve follows downstream . The Čertova skála natural monument is located on the left near Křiniště . The rocks on the left bank below Nezabudice form the Nezabudické Skály nature reserve . The right slope opposite Višňová is protected as a natural monument U Eremita . The left-hand rocky slope below the confluence of the Rakovnický potok forms the Na Babě natural monument opposite Roztoky . The right slope opposite Častonice was placed under protection as a nature reserve Stříbrný luh . To the north of Pohořelec, the rocky slope on the left forms the Brdatka nature reserve .

The Berounka then flows in a south-easterly direction past Žloukovice and is crossed there by the Rakovnik-Beroun railway line . Your further course leads past Nižbor , Nová Huť, the oppidum Stradonice , Stradonice, Porostlina, Stará Huť, Zdejcina and Hýskov into the urban area of Beroun . The rocky slope on the left opposite Žloukovice is protected as a natural monument of Kabečnice . Between Stará Huť and Zdejcina, the Berounka leaves the Křivoklátsko Protected Landscape Area. Then it flows past Pod Plešivcem, U Slezáků, V Pánvích, Pánve, Nad Eternitkou, Dvůr Pták, Na Ptáku and Višňovka and east of downtown Beroun past the Prague suburbs ( Pražské Předměstí ) and Závodí. On the southeast edge Berounsko the flow of which is motorway D 5 / E 50 and the railway line Rakovnik-Beroun crosses and then flows through the Karlštejnská vrchovina ( Karl Steiner mountains ) and in the conservation area Český kras . Along its course are Lištice, U Vondráků, Tetín , the castle ruins Tetín, Šanův Kout, V Kozle, Srbsko , Koda, Korno , Krupná, Poučník, Ve Spáleném, Budňany , the castle Karlštejn , Klučice, Hlásná Třlečň. Below Stradonice there are bunkers of the Czechoslovak Wall in the Berounka Valley . The steep rocky slope near Tetín is protected as the Tetínské Skály nature reserve . Below this, on the left bank of the river, the Karlštejn National Nature Reserve extends over an area of ​​1547 hectares in the Bohemian Karst ( Český kras ) . The right of the Berounka located at the Koda National Nature Reserve Koda and opposite Hlásná Třebaň the nature reserve Voskov .

At Zadní Třebaň the Berounka leaves the protected landscape area of Český kras and heads northeast. Past Rovina , Řevnice , Černá Skála, Jitřenka, Lety pod Lesem, Lety , Dobřichovice , Brunšov, Čihadla, Sušárna, Všenory , Větrné Údolí, Černošice , Horní Mokropsy, Stará Vráž and Talyps, Dolzí Mokědí Mokro northern foot of the Hřebeny ( Brdykamm ) over the Třebotovská plošina ( Trebotau plateau ). The Prague – Plzeň railway crosses the river at the Mokropes weir . The right bank of the river between Montana, the Humensko and Kazín castle stables and Údolí Hvězd is part of the Hřebeny Nature Park.

From Údolí Hvězd, the Prague city ​​limits run through the middle of the river; the places on the right side of the river belong to Prague. Kazín, Horní Černošice , Blukský Mlýn, Dolní Černošice and Lipence follow along the river . At Rymáň, the Berounka flows entirely into the Prague urban area. Its lower course leads through a wide floodplain past Radotín, Buda, Lahovice, Lebedov and Lahovičky; the river is crossed by the R 1 expressway west of Lahovice on the Radotínský most . After 138.2 km, the Berounka joins the Vltava north of Lahovice in the Pražská kotlina ( Prague basin ) .

The catchment area of the Berounka covers 8708.07 km², of which 38.07 km² are in Bavaria .

The Rakovnik-Beroun railway runs between Roztoky and Beroun, and the Prague – Plzeň railway between Beroun and Praha-Radotín along the Berounka.

The scenic Berounka Valley is now a recreational area.

history

Name of the river

The name Berounka originated as a modern term for the lower part of the Mies river . In the 16th and 17th centuries, the lower course of the Mies was also called Plzenská reka (translated: Pilsener Fluss) or Cerná voda . In a map from 1568 the names Watta and Radbuza can be found for the course of the river . The name Watta can also be found on a war card from General Ernst von Mansfeld during the Thirty Years' War . The name Beraun , derived from the city of Beroun , has been traceable since the end of the 17th century and gradually gained acceptance in the 18th century.

On the initiative of the historian Jan Anderle, the Pilsen City Council decided on September 7, 2006, on the basis of the Act on the Designation of Public Spaces, to rename the river in the Pilsen city area in Mže . At the same time talks began with the Plzeňský kraj about renaming the entire river. The response was consistently negative. A decree from the Ministry of Agriculture found that the Pilsen City Council was not authorized to change the official name of the river. Due to the unfavorable position of some municipalities and state authorities , the decision was repealed in 2011.

Floods and changes in the estuary

In the course of time, the Berounka had dug itself into a wide river basin in its estuary between the Třebotovská plošina and the Hřebeny and formed an inland delta there . The original main arm of the river ran from the meander near Buda ⊙ north of St. Gallus Mountain ( Havlín ) and the Königsaal monastery to the east and flowed into the Vltava river at the monastery ⊙ . The left branch of the estuary led east of Radotín to the Vltava and emptied into the river south of Lahovice on Lahovice Island ⊙ , where junction 10 of the R 1 expressway is today . Two other small arms that were thrown back in the 18th century, led to the west of the island Lahowitzer ⊙ and north of the monastery ⊙ in the Vltava River. The old main arm near Buda was later thrown off during a flood; the river took its course to the Radotin brook near Radotín, there turned sharply to the east and then forked again into the Königsaal main arm and the Lahowitz side arm.

Early reports of floods at the Berounka Estuary come from the years 1784, 1785, 1795, 1796, 1797, 1809, 1813, 1818, 1820, 1824, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1845, 1862, 1867 and 1872. The river reached on On June 20, 1824 a level of 3.98 m above normal, on March 27, 1845 5.45 m above normal, on February 28, 1862 4.93 m above normal and on May 29, 1872 3.79 m above normal. The last severe flood was in 2002.

During the flood of ice on January 16, 1797, the river broke through to the northeast and dug a new estuary between Radotín and Modřany, which was washed away to the main arm of the river during the floods of 1829. In the same year, the owner of the Königsaal rulership , Friedrich Kraft zu Oettingen-Wallerstein , had the new main river bed canalized with state support to avoid further breakthroughs and floods.

The floods of February 1862 undermined a pillar of the Mokropetz Bridge on the Prague-Pilsen railway line that was under construction . However, the line was opened on July 14, 1862.

The leading through the old river bed between Buda, Peluněk, Žabovřesky and Zbraslav sidearm was dropped during the flood of 1872 and is now a backwater KRNOV part of the stream Lipanský Potok .

Flood of 1872

On the night of May 25th to 26th, 1872, the lower valley of the Berounka was hit by a tidal wave after torrential rainfalls. In Hředle, the floods tore ten of the 75 houses away, another 25 were ruined and 29 people died. The villages of Srbsko, Třebáň, Mokropsy and Černošice as well as the lower part of Dobřichovice including the church were completely flooded. On the Prague-Pilsen railway line , the flood caused damage amounting to 231,691 guilders, and the Karlštejn, Beroun and Řevnice stations were flooded. On the morning of May 26, one of the stone pillars of the Mokropsy railway bridge, built according to the Schiffkorn system, was washed away, but the iron structure of the bridge held up. Because of the resulting sagging of two fields, the bridge was not passable on June 26, 1872.

2002 flood

The summer floods of 2002 were one of the most devastating floods. The villages directly in the valley were badly affected. But also communities slightly above the river suffered flood damage; in Všenory z. B. 43 houses and 100 holiday huts flooded, 150 people had to be evacuated. The Mokropsy railway bridge, which was renovated in the 1990s, survived the floods undamaged. The water level of the river reached almost to the top of the pillars.

Tributaries

• Mže / Mies (l) and Radbuza (r), northeast of the city center of Pilsen
• Bolevecký potok (l), near Plzeň-Bílá Hora below the Masaryk Bridge
• Úslava (r), near Plzeň-Doubravka
• Hrádecký potok (r), near Plzeň-Doubravka
• Senecký potok (l), below Čertův Mlýn
• Zábělský potok (r), in Bukovec
• Drahotínský potok (l), near Druztová by the Věžka castle ruins
• Klabava (r), below Chrást
• Točínský potok (l), below Chrást
• Lužnice (r), near Sedlecko
• Korečnický potok, also Korečný potok (r), near Valentovský Mlýn
• Dírecký potok (r), near Dírka
• Darovský potok (l), above Kostelec
• Malá Radná (r), near Planá
• Velká Radná (r), near Planá
• Třemošná (l), near Rybárna
• Olešenský potok (r), below Kaceřov
• Žíkovský potok (r), near Rybárna
• Čívický potok (l), near Pod Žíkovem
• Střela (l), near Liblín
• Kozojedský potok (l), near Kozojedy
• Rožský potok (l), near Kozojedy
• Bujesilský potok (r), near Rybárna nad Rakolusky
• Radnický potok (r), near Rakolusky
• Brodeslavský potok (l), at the Krašov castle ruins
• Všehrdský potok, also Černíkovský potok (l), below the Krašov castle ruins
• Radubice (r), near Rybárna
• Dolanský potok (l), near Dolany
• Seč (r), near Hamouz
• Chříčský potok (l), above Pod Dubjany
• Lubná (r), in Kalinova Ves
• Podmokelský potok (r), below Kalinova Ves
• Javornice (l), below Kalinova Ves
• Modřejovický potok (l), below Kočkův Mlýn
• Slabecký potok (l), at U Bartoňů
• Hradišťský potok (r), near Hradiště
• Zbirožský potok (r), near Čechův Mlýn
• Chmelnický potok (l), near Šlovice
• Sádecký potok (l), near Luh
• Skryjský potok (r), in Luh
• Úpořský potok (r), by the Týřov castle ruins
• Kouřimecký potok (r), below Kouřimecká Rybárna
• Plešský potok (r), at U Rozvědčíka
• Tyterský potok (l), in U Rozvědčíka
• Klučná (r), near Višňová
• Rakovnický potok (l), near Roztoky
• Štíhlice (l), above Zbečno
• Klíčava (l), above Zbečno
• Sýkořický potok (l), near Račice
• Žloukava (r), below Račice
• Křížový potok (r), below Žloukovice
• Vůznice (l) above Nižbor
• Habrový potok (r), in Nová Huť
• Žlubinecký potok (l), above Stradonice
• Hýskovský potok (l), at Stará Huť
• Ptácký potok (l), near Dvůr Pták
• Vrážský potok (l), in Závodí
• Litavka (r), in Beroun
• Tetínský potok (r), below the Tetín castle ruins
• Loděnice , also Kačák (l), at V Kozle
• Bubovický potok (l), in Srbsko
• Kodský potok (r), in Koda
• Císařský potok (r), near Koda
• Krupná (r), in Krupná
• Voškovský potok (r), near Krupná
• Budňanský potok (l), in Karlštejn
• Políčský potok, also Kytlina (l), in Hlásná Třebaň
• V Trubách (l), near Hlásná Třebaň
• Svinařský potok (r), in Zadní Třebaň
• Nezabudický potok (r), in Řevnice
• Moklický potok (r), in Řevnice
• Kejná (r), at Lety pod Lesem
• Červený potok (r), at Lety
• Karlický potok (l), in Dobřichovice
• Všenorský potok (r), near Sušárna
• Kluček (l), at Stará Vráž
• Mokropeský potok (r), near Dolní Mokropsy
• Humenský potok (r), at the Humensko castle stables near Dolní Mokropsy
• Kazínský potok (r), at the Kazín castle stables near Dolní Mokropsy
• Švarcava (l), in Horní Černošice
• Radotínský potok (l), in Praha-Radotín

Ferries

• Nadryby
• Darová
• V Luhu
• Kazín

Web links

Commons : Berounka  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} List of brook and river areas in Bavaria - Elbe river basin, page 1 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 273 KB) - only rough overview, for a more detailed classification see overall table
2. ↑ to http://portal.kr-plzensky.cz/file.asp?name=1004102051004103031.pdf&folder=281 ( Memento from December 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) 9.272
3. ↑ http://www.lfu.bayern.de/wasser/gewaesserverzeichnis/grundlagen/doc/tab52.xls
4. ↑ Detailed explanations by Adam Hauner on the river name
5. ↑ Usnesení Zastupitelstva města Plzně č. 407 ze dne September 7, 2006
6. ↑ http://plzen.idnes.cz/berounka-staatane-berounkou-plzen-vzdala-snahu-reku-prejmenovat-pxn-/plzen-zpravy.aspx?c=A110616_160708_plzen-zpravy_alt
7. ↑ Filip Stehlík: Užití historických dat při re Konstrukci avulze koryta Berounky mezi Zbraslaví a Lahovicemi 2005
8. ↑ http://www.ritka.cz/informace-o-obci/historie/o-zivelnych-pohromach-/
9. ↑ ^{a b} http://www.vsenory.cz/informace-o-obci/historie/